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Greater Gains (greater + gain)
Selected AbstractsPeriodontal dressing (Vocopac®) influences outcomes in a two-step treatment procedureJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2005B. W. Sigusch Abstract Objectives: It is not clear if periodontal dressing influences the long-term results in a non-surgical treatment procedure. Material and Methods: The periodontal parameters (pre-baseline) of 36 patients with aggressive periodontitis were obtained before the patients were treated initially (1st step) by a dental hygienist, who completely removed the supra- and subgingival concrements. Baseline parameters were raised 3 weeks after the 1st step, before the 2nd therapy step was conducted. It consisted of a non-surgical procedure, which comprised a closed full-mouth manual root curettage (root planing), immediate systemic application of metronidazole, and the placement of a periodontal dressing (Vocopac®, Voco). The patients were randomized to two test groups having their periodontal packs removed after 3,4 days (group 1, n=12) and 7,8 days (group 2, n=12), respectively and a control group (n=12) without periodontal dressing. Clinical parameters were raised again after 6 and 24 months. Results: Six and 24 months later, changes in probing pocket depth (PPD) and probing attachment level (PAL) were observed in all three groups compared with baseline, but the difference was significant in group 2 only. In addition, group 2 showed a greater reduction in mean PPD and also a significantly greater gain of attachment in comparison with the controls. Conclusion: Wound dressing has a positive effect on clinical long-term results using a two-step non-surgical procedure. Moreover, removing the dressing after 7,8 days leads to clearly better results than removing it earlier. [source] A Randomized School-Based Jumping Intervention Confers Site and Maturity-Specific Benefits on Bone Structural Properties in Girls: A Hip Structural Analysis Study,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002M. A. Petit Abstract We compared 7-month changes in bone structural properties in pre- and early-pubertal girls randomized to exercise intervention (10-minute, 3 times per week, jumping program) or control groups. Girls were classified as prepubertal (PRE; Tanner breast stage 1; n = 43 for intervention [I] and n = 25 for control [C]) or early-pubertal (EARLY; Tanner stages 2 and 3; n = 43 for I and n = 63 for C). Mean ± SD age was 10.0 ± 0.6 and 10.5 ± 0.6 for the PRE and EARLY groups, respectively. Proximal femur scans were analyzed using a hip structural analysis (HSA) program to assess bone mineral density (BMD), subperiosteal width, and cross-sectional area and to estimate cortical thickness, endosteal diameter, and section modulus at the femoral neck (FN), intertrochanter (IT), and femoral shaft (FS) regions. There were no differences between intervention and control groups for baseline height, weight, calcium intake, or physical activity or for change over 7 months (p > 0.05). We used analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to examine group differences in changes of bone structure, adjusting for baseline weight, height change, Tanner breast stage, and physical activity. There were no differences in change for bone structure in the PRE girls. The more mature girls (EARLY) in the intervention group showed significantly greater gains in FN (+2.6%, p = 0.03) and IT (+1.7%, p = 0.02) BMD. Underpinning these changes were increased bone cross-sectional area and reduced endosteal expansion. Changes in subperiosteal dimensions did not differ. Structural changes improved section modulus (bending strength) at the FN (+4.0%, p = 0.04), but not at the IT region. There were no differences at the primarily cortical FS. These data provide insight into geometric changes that underpin exercise-associated gain in bone strength in early-pubertal girls. [source] Science inquiry and student diversity: Enhanced abilities and continuing difficulties after an instructional interventionJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 7 2006Okhee Lee This study examines elementary students' abilities to conduct science inquiry through their participation in an instructional intervention over a school year. The study involved 25 third and fourth grade students from six elementary schools representing diverse linguistic and cultural groups. Prior to and at the completion of the intervention, the students participated in elicitation sessions as they conducted a semistructured inquiry task on evaporation. The results indicate that students demonstrated enhanced abilities with some aspects of the inquiry task, but continued to have difficulties with other aspects of the task even after instruction. Although students from all demographic subgroups showed substantial gains, students from non-mainstream and less privileged backgrounds in science showed greater gains in inquiry abilities than their more privileged counterparts. The results contribute to the emerging literature on designing learning environments that foster science inquiry of elementary students from diverse backgrounds. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 43: 607,636, 2006 [source] Shared Family Activities and the Transition From Childhood Into AdolescenceJOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 1 2008Robert Crosnoe Drawing on time use data from the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study identified five different profiles of shared time between parents and young people at different stages of development. In childhood, all profiles had high rates of shared television viewing, but some were oriented toward in-home activities and others toward activities outside the home (e.g., cultural events). These latter profiles tended to be higher in socioeconomic advantage, and the young people in them tended to demonstrate greater gains in math, but not reading, achievement across the transition into adolescence. In adolescence, shared activity profiles favored low amounts of shared time between parents and adolescents across activities and disfavored shared time in public domains. [source] Effects of a Supplemental Vocabulary Intervention on the Word Knowledge of Kindergarten Students At Risk for Language and Literacy DifficultiesLEARNING DISABILITIES RESEARCH & PRACTICE, Issue 3 2010Susan M. Loftus The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a vocabulary intervention designed to supplement research-based classroom vocabulary instruction, implemented with students who may be at risk for language and learning difficulties. Participants included 43 kindergarten students who received research-based classroom vocabulary instruction. Students with the 20 lowest scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III administered at pretest received additional small-group supplemental vocabulary intervention. Results of within-subjects comparisons indicated that, overall, at-risk students made greater gains in word knowledge on target words that received the supplemental intervention as compared to words that received only classroom-based instruction. In addition, at-risk students who received the supplemental intervention demonstrated word-learning gains that approached those of their peers who received classroom instruction alone. Implications along with limitations of the current study and directions for future research are discussed. [source] SPEED: single-point evaluation of the evolution dimensionMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, Issue 9 2007Eriks Kup Abstract Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy can be speeded up by orders of magnitude by severely restricting the number of sampling operations in the evolution dimension,we demonstrate that just a single measurement may suffice. The frequencies evolving in the indirect dimension (t1) are deduced from the amplitudes of the signals acquired in the direct dimension (t2). Prior measurements of the one-dimensional spectra are required. Results are presented for the two-dimensional 13C-HSQC spectrum of 2-ethylindanone recorded at a single fixed setting of the evolution time, demonstrating a speed advantage of 120. The method can be extended to multidimensional spectra, with correspondingly greater gains in speed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Combination therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosisCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 5 2002Juliet E. Compston Summary A number of agents have been shown to reduce the risk of fractures in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the additional benefits of combination therapy as opposed to monotherapy are uncertain. We performed a MEDLINE search and reviewed the published randomized trials of agents used in combination. Combination therapy results in greater gains in bone mineral density than monotherapy and possibly greater effects on bone turnover. However, none of these studies are large enough or of sufficient duration to determine whether a greater reduction in fracture is achieved. Combination therapy has important cost implications and is likely to be associated with an increased prevalence of adverse events, reduced tolerability and a reduction in adherence. Furthermore, over-suppression of bone turnover as a result of combination antiresorptive therapy might have adverse effects on bone strength, particularly with long-term treatment. Thus, the use of combination therapy for treatment of osteoporosis cannot be recommended on the basis of currently available evidence. [source] | ||||||||||