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Going
Terms modified by Going Selected AbstractsEMPLOYMENT TAXES: WHERE ARE WE GOING?ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2003John Whiting Employment taxes have become more complicated over time, and too much of an administrative burden is now placed on employers, especially smaller ones. Combining PAYE and NIC has the potential for big simplification of the system. My basic thesis is that circumstances have changed dramatically, and so must the system, because all is not well in the employment taxes area. [source] No Going Back to TraditionCONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2004ED GRUMBINE No abstract is available for this article. [source] Tobacco is Going, Going , But Where?CULTURE, AGRICULTURE, FOOD & ENVIRONMENT, Issue 2 2009Donald D. Stull Abstract Tobacco is America's most vilified agricultural product. It is also the eighth most valuable crop in the United States, and its immense economic value and historic depth made it an agricultural cornerstone and a cultural focus in the Upper South. The federal tobacco program limited production and ensured a fair price to growers, helping many small family farms survive at no net cost to the American taxpayer. Kentucky ranks second in tobacco production and is the most tobacco-dependent state. This paper examines what has happened to tobacco farmers in western Kentucky since the federal tobacco program was terminated in 2004 and its broader implications. [source] 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy: Where We Have Been and Where We Are GoingDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 8 2004Michael H. Gold MD Background. Photodynamic therapy, utilizing the topical administration of 20% 5-aminolevulinic acid, has generated a great deal of interest in the dermatology community over the past several years. Objective. The purpose of this article is to review the history of photodynamic therapy in dermatology and to review recent new advances with this technology that will increase its appeal to all dermatologists. Methods. A literature review and results of new clinical trials with regards to photorejuvenation and acne vulgaris treatments with 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy are presented. Results. Short-contact, full-face 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy treatments with a variety of lasers and light sources have shown to be successful in treating all facets of photorejuvenation and the associated actinic keratoses as well as disorders of sebaceous glands, including acne vulgaris. The treatments are relatively pain-free, efficacious, and safe. They are also making already available laser/light source therapies work better for acne vulgaris and photorejuvenation. Conclusions. The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy with short-contact, full-face broad-application therapy is now able to bridge the world of medical and cosmetic dermatologic surgery. This therapy is available for all dermatologists to utilize in the care of their patients. [source] Promoting design leadership through skills development programsDESIGN MANAGEMENT REVIEW, Issue 3 2002Alan Topalian Recognizing that design management is still in its formative stages, Alan Topalian has prepared a "brief" specifying a conceptual approach to lifting the profile and effectiveness of the discipline within the corporation. Going beyond current strategies, he discusses the audiences, content, methodologies, and desired outcomes of an education effort he believes should be broad-based, pragmatic, and hands-on. [source] Restructuring Uganda's Coffee Industry: Why Going Back to Basics MattersDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 4 2006John Baffes After experiencing a boom during the mid-1990s, the performance of Uganda's coffee industry has been disappointing. Most existing analysis sees the sector's problems as quality deterioration, a poor marketing position in the global market, a weak regulatory framework, and poor infrastructure. Recommendations range from setting up a coffee auction to increasing the share of specialty coffees. This article concludes that such advice has been largely inconsistent with the stylised facts of the Uganda coffee industry, and it argues that coffee wilt disease and the effectiveness of the coffee replanting programme are the two key issues on which policymakers and the donor community should focus their activities and allocate their resources. [source] "Going to War in Buses": The Anglo-American Clash over Leyland Sales to Cuba, 1963,1964DIPLOMATIC HISTORY, Issue 5 2010Christopher Hull The sale of buses by the Leyland Motor Company to Cuba proved contentious, not only in the realm of Anglo-American relations, but also in the domestic sphere of a behind the scenes inter-departmental disagreement within the British government. This is because the bus exports pitted political against economic interests at the height of the Cold War and in the midst of a British export drive. As Her Majesty's Government readily recognized, Washington was particularly sensitive over any issue related to Cuba, which by 1963 was firmly in the communist orbit of the Soviet bloc and which the United States was determined to isolate economically through the application of a trade blockade. The decision to approve the sales came at the end of the Macmillan and Kennedy administrations, and clouded the short-lived partnership of Prime Minister Alec Douglas-Home and President Lyndon B. Johnson. The bus exports became an election issue in the campaigns of both leaders in 1964, assuming a political significance that belied the buses' seemingly innocuous function and outward appearance. [source] ,Are You Going to be MISS (or MR) Africa?'Contesting Masculinity in Drum Magazine 1951,1953GENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2001Lindsay Clowes DrumDrum magazine was first published in March 1951. Like other magazines, it both reflected and shaped the society from which its audience emerged. During 1951, its audience, mainly urban black readers, was able to push the publication away from its original rural focus towards an urban emphasis. Town living, however, meant different things to different people. Thus, while readers were successful in shifting the focus of the magazine, they were less successful in influencing the way the publication presented urban life. This paper explores the struggle between readers, journalists and editors over the Miss Africa beauty contest announced at the beginning of 1952. Although the magazine reluctantly admitted men to the contest, it discriminated against male entrants in a variety of ways over the course of the year, and subsequent competitions barred male contestants entirely. Despite opposition from male readers who wished to be considered beautiful, the men of Drum were largely successful in asserting their own deeply gendered cultural vision of urban life. [source] Going with the flow of autophagy in Crohn's disease: IRGM risk polymorphism found upstreamINFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 1 2010Devendra K. Amre MBBS No abstract is available for this article. [source] Antisense applications for biological controlJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2006Wei-Hua Pan Abstract Although Nature's antisense approaches are clearly impressive, this Perspectives article focuses on the experimental uses of antisense reagents (ASRs) for control of biological processes. ASRs comprise antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and their catalytically active counterparts ribozymes and DNAzymes, as well as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). ASOs and ribozymes/DNAzymes target RNA molecules on the basis of Watson-Crick base pairing in sequence-specific manner. ASOs generally result in destruction of the target RNA by RNase-H mediated mechanisms, although they may also sterically block translation, also resulting in loss of protein production. Ribozymes and DNAzymes cleave target RNAs after base pairing via their antisense flanking arms. siRNAs, which contain both sense and antisense regions from a target RNA, can mediate target RNA destruction via RNAi and the RISC, although they can also function at the transcriptional level. A considerable number of ASRs (mostly ASOs) have progressed into clinical trials, although most have relatively long histories in Phase I/II settings. Clinical trial results are surprisingly difficult to find, although few ASRs appear to have yet established efficacy in Phase III levels. Evolution of ASRs has included: (a) Modifications to ASOs to render them nuclease resistant, with analogous modifications to siRNAs being developed; and (b) Development of strategies to select optimal sites for targeting. Perhaps the biggest barrier to effective therapies with ASRs is the "Delivery Problem." Various liposomal vehicles have been used for systemic delivery with some success, and recent modifications appear to enhance systemic delivery, at least to liver. Various nanoparticle formulations are now being developed which may also enhance delivery. Going forward, topical applications of ASRs would seem to have the best chances for success. In summary, modifications to ASRs to enhance stability, improve targeting, and incremental improvements in delivery vehicles continue to make ASRs attractive as molecular therapeutics, but their advance toward the bedside has been agonizingly slow. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 14,35, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Going for the Goal: Improving youths' problem-solving skills through a school-based interventionJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Todd C. O'Hearn This study evaluated Going for the Goal (GOAL), a school-based intervention designed by Danish and colleagues to teach life skills to at-risk urban adolescents. We extended previous evaluation of GOAL by including an assessment of means-ends problem-solving skills. The 10-week program was administered to 479 middle school students by 46 trained high school student leaders in a predominantly Hispanic community. The program focused on setting positive, reachable goals; anticipating and responding to barriers to goal attainment; using social support; and building on one's strengths. Results demonstrated gains in knowledge of the skills being taught and improvement in problem-solving skills. Leaders also showed an increase in their knowledge of life skills. The approach maximizes both community resources and ecological validity while giving high school leaders the chance to benefit in their role as helpers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Epiglottitis: Going, going, but not gone yetJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 7-8 2010Nicholas Wood No abstract is available for this article. [source] Thirty-Rve Years of The Journal of Supply Chain Management: Where Have We Been and Where are We Going?JOURNAL OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2003Craig R. Carter SUMMARY The Journal of Supply Chain Management is the premier journal in the purchasing and supply discipline. This article chronicles the history of the Journal, including a review of the subject categories of articles during certain time periods, types of research performed, types of research design employed, types of data analysis applied, and individual and institutional contributions. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Journal's past and a set of prescriptions for its future. [source] Feminist Bioethics: Where We've Been, Where We's GoingMETAPHILOSOPHY, Issue 5 2000Hilde Lindemann Nelson The primary contribution of feminism to bioethics is to note how imbalances of power in the sex-gender system play themselves out in medical practice and in the theory surrounding that practice. I trace the ten-year history of feminist approaches to bioethics, arguing that while feminists have usefully critiqued medicine's biases in favor of men, they have unmasked sexism primarily in the arena of women's reproductive health, leaving other areas of health care sorely in need of feminist scrutiny. I note as well that feminist bioethicists have contributed very little to bioethical theory. In the second part of the paper I suggest two future directions for feminist bioethics. The first is to expand its critique of gender bias beyond reproductive medicine, devoting attention to the same issues raised by advances in biomedical technology as are taken up by mainstream bioethicists. The second is to develop bioethical theory that is more responsive than are mainstream moral theories to the social practices that subordinate women and minority groups. [source] Going beyond ADR: A federal sector mission- and work life-centered approach to building collaboration and democratic values on the jobALTERNATIVES TO THE HIGH COST OF LITIGATION, Issue 9 2005Judy Cohen Judy Cohen, of New York, reports on potential adaptations of collaborative approaches to structuring workplaces in describing her work at the Federal Aviation Administration. [source] Strategies for Going Back to SchoolNURSING FOR WOMENS HEALTH, Issue 6 2001Barbara Peterson Sinclair MN No abstract is available for this article. [source] Who Is Going to Teach Undergraduate Clinicals?NURSING FORUM, Issue 3 2000Deolinda Mignor In 1990, the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching published Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities for the Professorate, a report written by Earnest Boyer. The report questions traditional attitudes within universities related to faculty expectations in teaching, research, and service. The report states that for purposes of tenure and promotion, teaching and service are consistently underrated. It suggested that, within the university setting, furthering a discipline's scholarship does not depend solely on research, and that teaching and service can rival research in contributing to a discipline's scholarship. This article addressees this issue as it relates to nursing faculty. [source] Time to Keep Going: The Role and Structure of U.S. Forces in a Unified KoreaPACIFIC FOCUS, Issue 1 2003Il-Young Kim This year Korea and the U.S. celebrate 50 years of their alliance, which has seen many ups and downs since it came into existence. Today a very intense debate is going on in the USA and Korea about the future role of the U.S. in both the re-unification process and a post-unified Korea. Anti-Americanism is on the rise in South Korea, and demand for withdrawal of American forces is gaining ground in Korean society. An American withdrawal from Korea, however, would be very destabilizing for Korea and the whole of the East Asian region. Since the Korean war, the factors that have made it possible for South Korea, and other countries in the region, to economically prosper are the combination of sound economic polices and hard work by the peoples of these countries, and of the U.S. policies of reopening international markets to the countries of the region. While the presence of the U.S. forces in a post-unified Korea would be a positive factor, the actual structure of these forces would depend on the ground realities and threat perceptions at that time. It would be determined by complex issues of peace and stability inside Korea, its economic situation, and the external situation outside Korea's borders, including Korea's threat perceptions from China. Despite great improvements in technology in the Naval and Air forces, almost all military contingencies still require the use of ground forces to fight or to deter wars. Thus even if U.S. air and naval forces remained stationed in Korea, the absence of the U.S. ground forces would seriously undermine the deterrent and fighting power of the United States in the country and the region as whole. Given the terrain of the Korean peninsula, any possible future military conflict involving Korea would almost certainly be won or lost on land. Accordingly, infantrymen and tanks must remain an essential component of the American forces in Korea. What is more, dependence on air and naval forces for the protection of Korea would weaken traditional alliances and deterrence as well as American support for the very values and political principles that make other countries respect and trust the United States. [source] Pacemaker Stored Electrograms: Teaching Us What Is Really Going On in Our PatientsPACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 5 2002BERND NOWAK NOWAK, B.: Pacemaker Stored Electrograms: Teaching Us What Is Really Going On in Our Patients. Stored electrograms (EGMs), well-known diagnostic tools in implantable cardioverter defibrillators, have now been incorporated in pacemakers as well, thereby increasing their diagnostic capabilities. The clinician can detect and diagnose patient arrhythmias with EGMs and directly validate diagnostic data stored by the devices. The appropriateness of detection algorithms can also be judged. Initial experiences with pacemaker EGMs reveals their potential to detect and diagnose sensing or detection algorithm problems. These so-called "false-positive" EGMs help to optimize pacemaker programming. Date and time stamp can correlate an event to patient symptoms. Recent advances, like onset recordings and marker annotation, have further increased the effectiveness of stored EGMs. The use of patient-triggered magnet-stored EGMs facilitates diagnostic workups in symptomatic pacemaker patients and reveals nondevice related symptoms in a considerable number of cases. Stored EGMs in pacemakers will soon be a standard diagnostic tool that can illustrate what is really going on in our patients. [source] Moving toward hematological predictors of disease severity in malaria: Going with the flow,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Anuraj H. Shankar No abstract is available for this article. [source] Going beyond competencies: An exploratory study in defining exemplary workplace learning and performance practitionersPERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 1 2009Terri Freeman Smith This study was an exploratory investigation used to identify exemplary performance in four of the areas of expertise (AOEs) as described in the American Society for Training and Development's Mapping the Future: New Workplace Learning and Performance Competencies (2004). Qualitative data were collected from the following four AOEs: (1) delivering training, (2) designing learning, (3) improving human performance, and (4) measuring and evaluating. Research suggests that an exemplary performer could have productivity differences 12 times greater than performers at the bottom of the performance scale and 85% greater than an average performer (Hunter, Schmidt, & Judiesch, 1990). Critical incidents were collected from behavioral event interviews of 23 exemplary performers and 9 typical performers. An analysis of the findings suggests that an exemplary performer may hold at least four key behaviors: taking calculated risks, entrepreneurial and visionary planning, documented business performance to support and influence change, and political prudence and leadership savvy. [source] The German Telecommunications Reform , Where did it come from, Where is it, and Where is it Going?PERSPEKTIVEN DER WIRTSCHAFTSPOLITIK, Issue 3 2003Ingo Vogelsang It finally occurred because (1) the beneficiaries had less to lose, (2) Germany was falling behind, (3) reform was proven to work abroad and (4) the EC exerted pressure. The reform, particularly separation of posts from telecommunications, privatization of Deutsche Telekom and the creation of the RegTP, brought radical changes and the formation of new beneficiaries. The current sector crisis should spur research in the stability of competition in network industries and a reevaluation of the current reforms. Further reforms are required by new EC rules that will provide a more unified framework for the entire telecommunications sector. In the long run, privatization and liberalization will be completed, while some kinds of telecommunications-specific regulation will continue. Dominant firm regulation of end-user services is likely to be abolished down the road, while bottleneck regulation may persist. The remaining amount of dominant firm regulation and the pace of deregulation will depend heavily on market boundaries between (a) wireless and fixed networks, (b) high and low capacity subscriber access and (c) high-density and low-density networks. Assessing the interaction between market boundaries and market power requires economic research of intermodal competition and market power. [source] Overcoming the illusion of will and self-fabrication: Going beyond naďve subjective personal introspection to an unconscious/conscious theory of behavior explanationPSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 3 2006Arch G. Woodside Naďve subjective personal introspection includes the failure to recognize the confirmability of one's own attitudes and personal meanings learned explicitly from self-examining such topics and explaining one's own behavior. Unconscious/conscious theory of behavior explanation follows from unifying the research on unintended thought,behavior with folk explanations of behavior. This article describes advances in research confirming own attitudes and personal meaning and suggests the need for applying multiple methods to overcome the fundamental attribution error, inherent cultural prejudices, and the general bias toward self-fabrication. The discussion is valuable for achieving a deep understanding of how customers think, advancing from subjective to confirmatory personal introspection, and understanding the need to apply research tools useful for enlightening knowledge and overcoming the inherent bias within subjective personal introspection. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Automation versus Intermediation: Evidence from Treasuries Going Off the RunTHE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, Issue 5 2006MICHAEL J. BARCLAY ABSTRACT This paper examines the choice of trading venue by dealers in U.S. Treasury securities to determine when services provided by human intermediaries are difficult to replicate in fully automated trading systems. When Treasury securities go "off the run" their trading volume drops by more than 90%. This decline in trading volume allows us to test whether intermediaries' knowledge of the market and its participants can uncover hidden liquidity and facilitate better matching of customer orders in less active markets. Consistent with this hypothesis, the market share of electronic intermediaries falls from 81% to 12% when securities go off the run. [source] Penile Rehabilitation after Radical Prostatectomy: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?THE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 4ii 2007FACS, Run Wang MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction (ED) remains a serious quality-of-life issue. Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanism of postprostatectomy ED have stimulated great attention toward penile rehabilitation. Aim., This review presents and analyzes a contemporary series of the recent medical literature pertaining to penile rehabilitation therapy after radical prostatectomy (RP). Main Outcome Measures., The laboratory and clinical studies related to penile rehabilitation are analyzed. The validity of the methodology and the conclusion of the findings from each study are determined. Methods., The published and presented reports dealing with penile rehabilitation following RP in human and cavernous nerve injury in animal models are reviewed. Results., Exciting scientific discoveries have improved our understanding of postprostatectomy ED at the molecular level. The rationale for postprostatectomy penile rehabilitation appears to be logical according to animal studies. However, clinical studies have not consistently replicated the beneficial effects found in the laboratory studies. Currently available clinical studies are flawed due to short-term follow-up, small number of patients in the studies, studies with retrospective nature, or prospective studies without control. Rehabilitation programs are also facing a challenge with the compliance, which is critical for success for any rehabilitation program. At the present time, we do not have concrete evidence to recommend what, when, how long, and how often a particular penile rehabilitative therapy can be used effectively. Conclusions., Large prospective, multicentered, placebo-controlled trials with adequate follow-up are necessary to determine the cost-effective and therapeutic benefits of particular penile rehabilitative therapy or therapies in patients following the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Until such evidence is available, it is difficult to recommend any particular penile rehabilitation program as a standard of practice. Wang R. Penile rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy: Where do we stand and where are we going? J Sex Med 2007;4:1085,1097. [source] Going ,tribal': Notes on pacification in the 21st centuryANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 2 2009Roberto J. González Few anthropologists today would consider using the term ,tribe' as an analytical category, yet it has become a focal point for military commanders and other leaders prosecuting the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Specifically, US-led occupation forces in both countries have begun pursuing ,tribal' strategies in which they have attempted to forge alliances with ,sheiks' and local power brokers. This article examines the reasons for the rapid rise of ,tribal' discourses, the role of social scientists in their propagation and the possible consequences for Iraqis and Afghans. It concludes by comparing these processes to ethnographically-informed pacification efforts initiated in the late 1800s and early 1900s by the European powers, and by suggesting that anthropologists can potentially play a critical role by challenging persistent, damaging assumptions. [source] The impact of the global economic crisis on sovereign wealth fundsASIAN-PACIFIC ECONOMIC LITERATURE, Issue 1 2010Bryan J. Balin This paper analyses the effects of the recent global economic crisis upon sovereign wealth funds (SWFs). Since mid-2007, SWFs have experienced significant portfolio losses, a decline in fund inflows, and enhanced scrutiny from their own governments. SWFs have been utilised for sovereign stabilisation programs and have helped finance troubled Western banks. SWFs and the IMF have also created a set of best practices known as the Santiago Principles. From these developments, many SWFs have moved to relatively shorter investment time horizons and more liquid holdings, revamped their transparency and management, experienced a temporary improvement in their images, begun to hold controlling stakes in major Western corporations, and have improved their coordination with institutional investors and other SWFs. Going forward, these changes, alongside the relatively strong post-crisis asset position held by SWFs in comparison to other asset vehicles, make SWFs well-positioned to play an even more prominent role in global finance. [source] The modulator is a constitutive enhancer of a developmentally regulated sea urchin histone H2A geneBIOESSAYS, Issue 9 2002Giovanni Spinelli Going back to the late 1970s and early 1980s, we trace the Xenopus oocyte microinjection experiments that led to the emergence of the concept of "modulator". The finding that the modulator could transactivate transcription from far upstream and in either orientation suggested that a new genetic element, different from the classical prokaryotic promoter sequences, had been discovered. This particular enhancer transactivates transcription of the sea urchin early (,) histone H2A gene which is regulated in early sea urchin development. We summarise the data from sea urchin microinjection experiments that confirm and extend the results obtained with Xenopus oocytes. We conclude that the H2A enhancer is bipartite, is located approx. 100 bp upstream of the TATAAATA box in the H2A gene of two sea urchin species and enhances transcription when placed at a position far upstream or far downstream of the gene unless an insulator intervenes between enhancer and promoter. Evidence from microinjection experiments with sea urchin embryos suggests that the developmental control of H2A expression resides not with the enhancer, which is constitutively active, but with a striking chromatin structure with two positioned nucleosomes near the 3, end of the gene. Within this structure, there is an insulator element. BioEssays 24:850,857, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Going to the Roots of the Stem Cell ControversyBIOETHICS, Issue 6 2002Sřren Holm The purpose of this paper is to describe the scientific background to the current ethical and legislative debates about the generation and use of human stem cells, and to give an overview of the ethical issues underlying these debates. The ethical issues discussed are 1) stem cells and the status of the embryo, 2) women as the sources of ova for stem cell production, 3) the use of ova from other species, 4) slippery slopes towards reproductive cloning, 5) the public presentation of stem cell research and 6) the evaluation of scientific uncertainty and its implications for public policy. [source] Accomplishments in genome-scale in silico modeling for industrial and medical biotechnologyBIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 12 2009Caroline B. Milne Abstract Driven by advancements in high-throughput biological technologies and the growing number of sequenced genomes, the construction of in silico models at the genome scale has provided powerful tools to investigate a vast array of biological systems and applications. Here, we review comprehensively the uses of such models in industrial and medical biotechnology, including biofuel generation, food production, and drug development. While the use of in silico models is still in its early stages for delivering to industry, significant initial successes have been achieved. For the cases presented here, genome-scale models predict engineering strategies to enhance properties of interest in an organism or to inhibit harmful mechanisms of pathogens. Going forward, genome-scale in silico models promise to extend their application and analysis scope to become a transformative tool in biotechnology. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||