Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Global Challenges (global + challenge)
Selected AbstractsLocal Response to the Global Challenge: Comparing Local Economic Development Policies in a Regional ContextJOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 4 2000Joanne Wolfson This article reports on a study that examined and compared the responses of six Greater Toronto Area (GTA) municipalities (two central, four suburban) to the challenges of global economic change. The study was carried out in a context characterized by the transfer to municipal governments of both administrative and financial responsibilities for local services by the government of the Province of Ontario. It found a strong tendency for the municipalities to compete with each other for economic advantage, despite efforts to convince them of the need for a cooperative region-wide approach. Suburban governments relied principally on strategies to draw businesses away from the core, and this type of activity seemed likely to increase because of the municipalities' increased dependence on local property taxes. Nonetheless, study findings suggested several ways in which regional organizations or senior governments might help to strengthen regional economies without expecting municipal governments to surrender control over economic development policy. [source] Landmines, Pain, Suffering, and the Public Health: A Global ChallengePAIN MEDICINE, Issue 2006Rollin M. Gallagher MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Role of Intellectual Property in the Global Challenge for ImmunizationTHE JOURNAL OF WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Issue 4 2006Tarcísio Hardman Reis The contemporary scenario of international immunization is focused on the implementation of vaccination programs in developing countries, which demonstrates obvious similarities with the policy "access to medicines" under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. However, the debate on immunization involves distinct elements and presents different concerns and obstacles, which will be presented throughout this study. Three introductory remarks need to be made in order to place intellectual property (IP) as a core problem of global immunization. The first is that immunization is a world priority. The second is that the global immunization challenge faces the hurdle of the poverty gap. Finally, IP plays a controversial role in the implementation of immunization programs in less developed countries. [source] 5.3 Global challenges in research and strategic planningEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION, Issue 2002Bruce J. Baum Health sciences research is experiencing dramatic progress. How can dental schools throughout the world best make these research advances relevant for dental students, as well as providing them with the means to assess and utilize the research advances that will occur in the future? This complex question presents a critical challenge to the dental educational community. Research is clearly integral to the mission of dental education. By providing dental students with active learning strategies, dental educators can inculcate the ability for independent scientific thinking and thereby develop reflective as well as technically competent practitioners. However, there is a shortage of well-trained individuals to fill faculty and research positions in certain parts of the world. Global networks for mutual information exchange are imperative to overcome resource limitations in individual institutions, as is dedicated funding for research in the dental educational setting. [source] Health informatics education: a global challengeHEALTH INFORMATION & LIBRARIES JOURNAL, Issue 1 2009Jeannette Murphy First page of article [source] Is rainfall intensity significant in the rainfall,runoff process within tropical rainforests of northeast Queensland?HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 18 2010The Hewlett regression analyses revisited Abstract Following the statistical analyses of long-term rainfall-runoff records from research basins in humid temperate latitudes, Hewlett and co-workers extended the global challenge to disprove their findings that rainfall intensity was non-significant. This paper responds to Hewlett's challenge as no preceding analyses have involved forested basins in a tropical cyclone-prone area. Based on a 7 year rainfall-runoff record, quickflow (QF), peak flow (QP) and quickflow response ratios (QRR) were regressed as dependent variables against rainfall parameters (intensity, Pi, amount, P), storm duration, D and antecedent flow, I. These data sets were categorised into total streamflow (Q) classes and stratified into three seasons, (monsoon, post-monsoon and dry) for forested and cleared catchments. Where rainfall variable collinearity met acceptable levels, the addition of Pi to regression models including P, D, I contributed up to 9% and 66% of the respective variations in quickflow and peak flow. For the highest Q storm classes (monsoon), Pi alone accounted for up to 67% and 91% of the variation in QF and QP respectively and was the dominant influence on QP for all seasons. The very high rainfall intensities experienced in the monsoon season is a causal factor why these results differ from those of other research drainage basins. Surprisingly, Pi continued to have a significant influence on QF for dry season classes when less-intense rainfall occurs. Further the results were similar for both catchments across all seasons. P was the dominant independent variable affecting QF above a threshold Q of 50 mm (monsoon), as rainfall contributes directly to saturation overland flow and return flow under saturated conditions. Further although QRR increased with increasing Q for each season, the regression results for that parameter were poor possibly due to the non-linearity of the rainfall-runoff relationship. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Japan's strategic contributions to hydro-meteorological disaster mitigation in the world: planning to establish the UNESCO,PWRI CentreHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 6 2006Tetsuya Ikeda Hydro-meteorological disasters such as floods are major challenges that need to be overcome in order to realize sustainable development and poverty alleviation for humankind. Devastating flood disasters have occurring in various locations throughout the world, and there has recently been rising concern that the intensity and frequency of catastrophic floods may be increasing. Being located on the eastern edge of monsoonal Asia and having climatic variations according to the seasonal and regional conditions, Japan has long suffered from numerous flood disasters, and thus has developed advanced flood management policies. This paper aims to discuss flood disasters in Japan and the recently improved flood management policies. In addition, this paper introduces a new plan attempted by the Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) of Japan that takes advantage of the wealth of long accumulated experience and knowledge in the hydro-meteorological field. The PWRI is now working toward the establishment of an International Centre on Water-related Hazard and Risk Management by acquiring UNESCO's auspices. In order to contribute to the global challenge of reducing devastating hydro-meteorological disasters all over the world, this centre aims to conduct research, capacity-building and training programmes, and information networking activities at the local, national, regional and global levels. The aim is to prevent and mitigate hydro-meteorological disasters from the viewpoint of sustainable and integrated river basin management. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Development Discourses and Peasant,Forest Relations: Natural Resource Utilization as Social ProcessDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 1 2000Anja Nygren This article analyses the changing role of forests and the practices of peasants toward them in a Costa Rican rural community, drawing on an analytical perspective of political ecology, combined with cultural interpretations. The study underlines the complex articulation of local processes and global forces in tropical forest struggles. Deforestation is seen as a process of development and power involving multiple social actors, from politicians and development experts to a heterogeneous group of local peasants. The local people are not passive victims of global challenges, but are instead directly involved in the changes concerning their production systems and livelihood strategies. In the light of historical changes in natural resource utilization, the article underlines the multiplicity of the causes of tropical deforestation, and the intricate links between global discourses on environment and development and local forest relations. [source] Johnson & Johnson's transformational leadership program prepares quality leaders for global challengesGLOBAL BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE, Issue 2 2010Cindy L. Crosby The health care giant, faced with gaps in its pipeline for executives in the Quality function, constructed a potent yearlong development experience around action learning and a strong international focus. The program's successful five-year run has produced a strong stable of high-potential individuals prepared to lead in a global business. The authors discuss the structure and content of the program, the role of faculty and coaches, and the benefits of action learning projects and exercises for group and individual development, including how failure can lead to pivotal teaching moments, as illustrated through the experience of participants in the Class of 2009. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Environmental challenges in the energy sector: a chemical engineering perspective,ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2010Philippe A. Tanguy Abstract The supply of energy in sufficient quantities and the access to clean water are among the most significant global challenges to address in the decades to come, as these are key elements of human well-being and further development. These challenges are of course related, and future practices must consider their connectivity. As the present energy system is clearly reaching its limits in terms of sustainability, new approaches have been proposed based on much improved energy efficiency, development of renewable and new energy sources, and the use of carbon capture and storage for fossil resources. The industrial deployment of these alternate scenarios is intrinsically related to the availability of water on a large scale. Because the access to freshwater is becoming scarce in many countries, better water practices and the exploitation of new water resources must be developed for the supply of industrial water. This paper begins with a brief description of our present energy system based on fossil resources, this being a legacy of the industrial revolution. We then review the main drivers supporting the energy and water demand, and the constraints they are facing. The final section considers several chemical engineering challenges that arise when proposing ways of dealing with the energy-environment nexus in the future. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Public health responses to global challengesAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 5 2001Jeanne Daly No abstract is available for this article. [source] Postcolonial Scholarship,Productions and Directions: An Interview With Gayatri Chakravorty SpivakCOMMUNICATION THEORY, Issue 3 2002Radha S. Hegde This interview took place on December 18, 2000, in Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's office at Columbia University, New York. In a room lined with books and papers stacked high, Spivak spoke about postcolonial scholarship and its global challenges. Spanning a diverse range of interests, Gayatri Spivak's work has influenced critical scholarship across multiple disciplines throughout the world. Her scholarship has significantly shaped the course of postcolonial thinking and has had profound impact on conceptualizing issues of culture, identity, communication, and transnationalism. When asked about her interest in the areas of global communication flows, new technologies, and the politics of culture, Spivak referred us to two of her recent essays where she writes about global cities and cyberliteracy in the journal Gray Room and in Judith Butler's edited volume What's Left of Theory. In this interview, we asked Spivak to speak to issues concerning the intersections between communication and postcoloniality. [source] | |||||||||||||