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Glass Substrates (glass + substrate)
Selected AbstractsPolymer-Based Rectifying Diodes on a Glass Substrate Fabricated by Ink-Jet PrintingMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 4 2005Yi Liu Abstract Summary: The fabrication of polymer diodes on a glass substrate by an ink-jet printing technique is reported. Both an n-type semiconductive polymer, poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-(1-cyanovinylene)phenylene] (CN-PPV), and a p-type semiconductive polymer, polypyrrole (PPy) or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), were printed through a piezoelectric ink-jet printer. The printed CN-PPV/PPy and CN-PPV/PEDOT diodes showed good rectifying characteristics. These results indicate the potential of the low-cost ink-jet printing technique to produce polymer microelectronic devices and circuits. Schematic diagram of the printed polymer diode [source] Reply to "Comments on Electric-Field-Assisted Growth of Highly Uniform and Oriented Gold Nanotriangles on Conducting Glass Substrates"ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 13 2009Panikkanvalappil R. Sajanlal [source] Comments on ,Electric-Field-Assisted Growth of Highly Uniform and Oriented Gold Nanotriangles on Conducting Glass Substrates'ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 13 2009Peng Diao AFM artifacts: Recent results by Sajanlal and Pradeep on the electric-field-assisted growth of highly uniform and oriented gold nanotriangles appear to provide a simple route to the size-, shape-, and orientation-controlled synthesis of nano structures. In our view, however, the triangle patterns observed in the AFM images are not real surface features but artifacts produced by a broken or contaminated AFM tip. [source] Cover Picture: J. Biophoton.JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS, Issue 4 20104/2010 Glass substrate after femtosecond laser irradiation of six devices that will be obtained by six cuts along the transversal straight lines and a further orthogonal one. Chemical etching will create micro-channels where the more complex structures have been irradiated, while not affecting the inscribed optical waveguides. The devices will then be used for optical trapping and stretching of cells. (Picture: F. Bragheri et al., pp. 234,243 in this issue) [source] Porous Polymer Films with Gradient-Refractive-Index Structure for Broadband and Omnidirectional Antireflection CoatingsADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 2 2010Xiao Li Abstract Porous polymer films that can be employed for broadband and omnidirectional antireflection coatings are successfully shown. These films form a gradient-refractive-index structure and are achieved by spin-coating the solution of a polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA)/PMMA blend onto an octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-modified glass substrate. Thus, a gradient distribution of PMMA domains in the vertical direction of the entire microphase-separated film is obtained. After those PMMA domains are removed, a PS porous structure with an excellent gradient porosity ratio in the vertical direction of the film is formed. Glass substrates coated with such porous polymer film exhibit both broadband and omnidirectional antireflection properties because the refractive index increases gradually from the top to the bottom of the film. An excellent transmittance of >97% for both visible and near-infrared (NIR) light is achieved in these gradient-refractive-index structures. When the incident angle is increased, the total transmittance for three different incident angles is improved dramatically. Meanwhile, the film possesses a color reproduction character in the visible light range. [source] Epitaxial Sn1-xPbxS nanorods on iso-compositional thin filmsCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2010K. Bente Abstract Based on SnS (Herzenbergite) , SnPbS2 (Teallite) mixed crystals with orthorhombic layer structures, thin films and lawns of Sn1-xPbxS nanorods were produced using hot wall vacuum deposition method (HWVD). The lawn was formed onto the surface of an underlying thin Sn1-xPbxS film which is build by differently oriented blocks. The density of rods arranged like a lawn depends on the metal ratio and substrate temperature. X-ray and TEM analysis of the epitaxial material showed preferential (001) orientation perpendicular to the surface of the glass substrate. The roughness of the films measured by atomic force microscopy was in the range of Rq = 49.5,86.3 nm depending on lead concentration The rods were about 500 nm high and 300 nm in diameter. As revealed by TEM-EDX experiments the droplet at the tip of rods consists of tin. Therefore it is assumed the rods grew via a self-consuming vapor,liquid,solid (VLS) mechanism. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Optical studies on ZnO films prepared by sol-gel methodCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 8 2009T. Ghosh Abstract A standard sol-gel method was used to deposit ZnO thin films of suitable thickness on glass substrate. The optical characteristics of the visible to infrared range on thermal stress were critically observed. Morphological signature of the films was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the crystallite size determined by Scherrer method from XRD data were consistent with grain size estimated from spectroscopic data through Meulenkamp equation. The optical band gap value from the transmission spectrum was found to corroborate with the existing works. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Optical and electrical studies on spray deposited ZnO thin filmsCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 7 2007P. P. Sahay Abstract ZnO thin films were prepared by spray pyrolytic decomposition of zinc acetate onto a glass substrate. These films were analyzed for the optical and electrical properties. Optical studies show that in these films the electronic transition is of the direct transition type. The optical energy gap for the films of different thicknesses is estimated to be in the range 2.98 , 3.09 eV. Electrical studies indicate that the films exhibit thermally activated electronic conduction and the activation energies are found to be dependent on the film thickness. The complex impedance measurements were carried out over a wide range of frequencies at room temperature (300 K). All the impedance spectra contain only a single arc, but the arc has a non-zero intersection with the real axis in the high frequency region. Also, the arc has its centre lying below with the real axis which indicates the multirelaxation behavior of the films. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Integration of continuous-flow sampling with microchip electrophoresis using poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based valves in a reversibly sealed deviceELECTROPHORESIS, Issue 14 2007Michelle W. Li Abstract Here we describe a reversibly sealed microchip device that incorporates poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based valves for the rapid injection of analytes from a continuously flowing stream into a channel network for analysis with microchip electrophoresis. The microchip was reversibly sealed to a PDMS-coated glass substrate and microbore tubing was used for the introduction of gas and fluids to the microchip device. Two pneumatic valves were incorporated into the design and actuated on the order of hundreds of milliseconds, allowing analyte from a continuously flowing sampling stream to be injected into an electrophoresis separation channel. The device was characterized in terms of the valve actuation time and pushback voltage. It was also found that the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to the buffer system greatly increased the reproducibility of the injection scheme and enabled the analysis of amino acids derivatized with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde/cyanide. Results from continuous injections of a 0.39,nL fluorescein plug into the optimized system showed that the injection process was reproducible (RSD of 0.7%, n,=,10). Studies also showed that the device was capable of monitoring off-chip changes in concentration with a device lag time of 90,s. Finally, the ability of the device to rapidly monitor on-chip concentration changes was demonstrated by continually sampling from an analyte plug that was derivatized upstream from the electrophoresis/continuous flow interface. A reversibly sealed device of this type will be useful for the continuous monitoring and analysis of processes that occur either off-chip (such as microdialysis sampling) or on-chip from other integrated functions. [source] Solar Cells by Design: Photoelectrochemistry of TiO2 Nanorod Arrays Decorated with CdSeADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 12 2010Jin Ho Bang Abstract One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures of TiO2 are grown directly on transparent, conductive glass substrate using hydrothermal/solvothermal methods. When employed as a photoanode in photoelectrochemical cells, the vertically aligned TiO2 nanorod array exhibits slower charge recombination at electrolyte interface as compared to mesoscopic TiO2 particulate film. Electrochemical deposition of CdSe onto TiO2 nanorod array is carried out to extend absorption into visible light region. The role of CdSe-sensitized, 1D rutile TiO2 architecture in the solar cell design is discussed. [source] Fully Transparent Non-volatile Memory Thin-Film Transistors Using an Organic Ferroelectric and Oxide Semiconductor Below 200,°CADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 6 2010Sung-Min Yoon Abstract A fully transparent non-volatile memory thin-film transistor (T-MTFT) is demonstrated. The gate stack is composed of organic ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] and oxide semiconducting Al-Zn-Sn-O (AZTO) layers, in which thin Al2O3 is introduced between two layers. All the fabrication processes are performed below 200,°C on the glass substrate. The transmittance of the fabricated device was more than 90% at the wavelength of 550,nm. The memory window obtained in the T-MTFT was 7.5,V with a gate voltage sweep of ,10 to 10,V, and it was still 1.8,V even with a lower voltage sweep of ,6 to 6,V. The field-effect mobility, subthreshold swing, on/off ratio, and gate leakage currents were obtained to be 32.2,cm2 V,1 s,1, 0.45,V decade,1, 108, and 10,13 A, respectively. All these characteristics correspond to the best performances among all types of non-volatile memory transistors reported so far, although the programming speed and retention time should be more improved. [source] Porous Polymer Films with Gradient-Refractive-Index Structure for Broadband and Omnidirectional Antireflection CoatingsADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 2 2010Xiao Li Abstract Porous polymer films that can be employed for broadband and omnidirectional antireflection coatings are successfully shown. These films form a gradient-refractive-index structure and are achieved by spin-coating the solution of a polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA)/PMMA blend onto an octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-modified glass substrate. Thus, a gradient distribution of PMMA domains in the vertical direction of the entire microphase-separated film is obtained. After those PMMA domains are removed, a PS porous structure with an excellent gradient porosity ratio in the vertical direction of the film is formed. Glass substrates coated with such porous polymer film exhibit both broadband and omnidirectional antireflection properties because the refractive index increases gradually from the top to the bottom of the film. An excellent transmittance of >97% for both visible and near-infrared (NIR) light is achieved in these gradient-refractive-index structures. When the incident angle is increased, the total transmittance for three different incident angles is improved dramatically. Meanwhile, the film possesses a color reproduction character in the visible light range. [source] Self-Assembled Nanoparticles Based Fabrication of Gecko Foot-Hair-Inspired Polymer Nanofibers,ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 13 2007S. Kustandi Abstract Wafer-scale polymer nanofabrillar structures have been fabricated using the combination of colloidal nanolithography, deep-silicon etching, and nanomolding to mimic the nanostructure of gecko foot-hairs. The artificial surface features densely packed polymeric nanofibrils with super-hydrophobic, water-repellent, and "easy-to-clean" characteristics. The lateral dimension of the nanofibrils is as small as 250,nm and an aspect-ratio as high as 10:1 has been achieved without lateral collapse between neighboring fibrils. The method allows both fabrication of synthetic structures over a large area and direct integration of a flexible membrane to assist the array of nanofibrils in making intimate contact with uneven surfaces. A single nanofibril exhibits a mean adhesive force ranging from (0.91,±,0.34),nN to (1.35,±,0.37),nN. In the macroscopic scale, the nanostructured surface can adhere firmly to a smooth glass substrate and inherits the in-use, self-cleaning property of the setal nanostructures found in gecko lamellae. [source] Anisotropic Optical Properties of Semitransparent Coatings of Gold Nanocaps,ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 11 2006J. Liu Abstract An ordered array of cap-shaped gold nanoparticles has been prepared by vapor deposition onto polystyrene nanospheres supported on a glass substrate. The method of fabrication used imparts a significant anisotropy to the geometric and optical properties of the coating. The optical-absorption properties of these deposits have been measured using UV-vis spectrometry and simulated using a code based on the discrete dipole approximation. Because the nanocaps are not interconnected, they interact with incident light as individual particles with a plasmon resonance that depends upon wavelength and the polarization vector of the light. The resulting extinction peaks manifest in the upper visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Surprisingly, varying the angle of incidence of the light (for a fixed polarization) has no effect on the optical properties of individual nanocaps. Calculations show that these phenomena may be readily interpreted in terms of dipole resonances excited across the longitudinal, transverse, and short-transverse directions of the nanocaps. Coatings comprised of arrays of these particles have the potential to serve as angularly and spectrally selective filters. [source] Dye-Sensitized Back-Contact Solar CellsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 38 2010Dongchuan Fu Dye-sensitized back-contact solar cells are fabricated on back plates comprising a patterned FTO glass substrate, a selectively deposited Pt coating, a protective ZrO2 coating covering the Pt layers and a screen printed TiO2 film. Such devices show a solar energy conversion efficiency of 3.64% under AM 1.5 sunlight and a peak incident photon to electron conversion efficiency of 54%. [source] Patterned Polymeric Domes with 3D and 2D Embedded Colloidal Crystals using Photocurable Emulsion DropletsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 37 2009Shin-Hyun Kim Hierarchical dome patterns are prepared via a novel single-step patterning process. Photonic domes with isotropic reflection colors are patterned on a prepatterned glass substrate with a hydrophobic moiety using photocurable emulsion droplets of all-equal size, which contain concentrated silica particles. Furthermore, embossed domes are patterned with PS particle-stabilized photocurable emulsion droplets, which can act as a near-field microlens array. [source] One-Nanometer-Thick Seed Layer of Unilamellar Nanosheets Promotes Oriented Growth of Oxide Crystal Films,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 2 2008T. Shibata Room-temperature fabrication of an ultimately thin seed layer using 2D oxide nanosheets is demonstrated. Flat nanosheets are tiled to form a highly organized monolayer with a thickness of ca. 1 nm on a glass substrate (see figure). Monolayer films of nanosheets such as Ca2Nb3O10 (2D square lattice) and MnO2 (2D hexagonal) successfully promote oriented film growth of oxide crystals such as SrTiO3 (cubic), TiO2 (tetragonal), and ZnO (hexagonal). [source] Evaluation of rapid volume changes of substrate-adherent cells by conventional microscopy 3D imagingJOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY, Issue 3 2004F. BOUDREAULT Summary Precise measurement of rapid volume changes of substrate-adherent cells is essential to understand many aspects of cell physiology, yet techniques to evaluate volume changes with sufficient precision and high temporal resolution are limited. Here, we describe a novel imaging method that surveys the rapid morphology modifications of living, substrate-adherent cells based on phase-contrast, digital video microscopy. Cells grown on a glass substrate are mounted in a custom-designed, side-viewing chamber and subjected to hypotonic swelling. Side-view images of the rapidly swelling cell, and at the end of the assay, an image of the same cell viewed from a perpendicular direction through the substrate, are acquired. Based on these images, off-line reconstruction of 3D cell morphology is performed, which precisely measures cell volume, height and surface at different points during cell volume changes. Volume evaluations are comparable to those obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy (,Volume , 14%), but our method has superior temporal resolution limited only by the time of single-image acquisition, typically ,100 ms. The advantages of using standard phase-contrast microscopy without the need for cell staining or intense illumination to monitor cell volume make this system a promising new tool to investigate the fundamentals of cell volume physiology. [source] Synthesis and hierarchical superstructures of side-chain liquid crystal polyacetylenes containing galactopyranoside end-groupsJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 23 2009Ming-Shou Ho Abstract Three kinds of chiral saccharide-containing liquid crystalline (LC) acetylenic monomers were prepared by click reaction between 2-azidoethyl-2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-,- D -galactopyranoside and 1-biphenylacetylene 4-alkynyloxybenzoate. The obtained monomers were polymerized by WCl6 -Ph4Sn to form three side-chain LC polyacetylenes containing 1-[2-(2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-,- D -galactopyranos-1-yl)-ethyl]-1H -[1,2,3]-triazol-4,-biphenyl 4-alkynyloxybenzoate side groups. All monomers and polymers show a chiral smectic A phase. Self-assembled hiearchical superstructures of the chiral saccharide-containing LCs and LCPs in solution state were studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Because of the LC behavior, the LC molecules exhibit a high segregation strength for phase separation in dilute solution (THF/H2O = 1:9 v/v). The self-assembled morphology of LC monomers was dependent upon the alkynyloxy chain length. Increasing the alkynyloxy chain length caused the self-assembled morphology to change from a platelet-like texture (LC-6) to helical twists morphology (LC-11 and LC-12). Furthermore, the helical twist morphological structure can be aligned on the polyimide rubbed glass substrate to form two-dimensional ordered helical patterns. In contrast to LC monomers, the LCP-11 self-assembled into much more complicate morphologies, including nanospheres and helical nanofibers. These nanofibers are evolved from the helical cables ornamented with entwining nanofibers upon natural evaporation of the solution in a mixture with a THF/methanol ratio of 3:7. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6596,6611, 2009 [source] Highly stable electrochromic polyamides based on N,N -bis(4-aminophenyl)- N,,N,-bis(4- tert -butylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamineJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 9 2009Sheng-Huei Hsiao Abstract A new triphenylamine-containing aromatic diamine monomer, N,N -bis(4-aminophenyl)- N,,N,-bis(4- tert -butylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine, was synthesized by an established synthetic procedure from readily available reagents. A novel family of electroactive polyamides with di- tert -butyl-substituted N,N,N,,N,-tetraphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine units were prepared via the phosphorylation polyamidation reactions of the newly synthesized diamine monomer with various aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. All the polymers were amorphous with good solubility in many organic solvents, such as N -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and N,N -dimethylacetamide, and could be solution-cast into tough and flexible polymer films. The polyamides derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids had useful levels of thermal stability, with glass-transition temperatures of 269,296 °C, 10% weight-loss temperatures in excess of 544 °C, and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 62%. The dilute solutions of these polyamides in NMP exhibited strong absorption bands centered at 316,342 nm and photoluminescence maxima around 362,465 nm in the violet-blue region. The polyamides derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids were optically transparent in the visible region and fluoresced with a higher quantum yield compared with those derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids. The hole-transporting and electrochromic properties were examined by electrochemical and spectro-electrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyamide films cast onto an indium-tin oxide-coated glass substrate exhibited two reversible oxidation redox couples at 0.57,0.60 V and 0.95,0.98 V versus Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile solution. The polyamide films revealed excellent elcterochemical and electrochromic stability, with a color change from a colorless or pale yellowish neutral form to green and blue oxidized forms at applied potentials ranging from 0.0 to 1.2 V. These anodically coloring polymeric materials showed interesting electrochromic properties, such as high coloration efficiency (CE = 216 cm2/C for the green coloring) and high contrast ratio of optical transmittance change (,T%) up to 64% at 424 nm and 59% at 983 nm for the green coloration, and 90% at 778 nm for the blue coloration. The electroactivity of the polymer remains intact even after cycling 500 times between its neutral and fully oxidized states. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2330,2343, 2009 [source] Synthesis, photoluminescence, and electrochromic properties of wholly aromatic polyamides bearing naphthylamine chromophoresJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 20 2006Guey-Sheng Liou Abstract A series of novel polyamides with pendent naphthylamine units having inherent viscosities of 0.15,1.02 dL/g were prepared via direct phosphorylation polycondensation from various diamines and a naphthylamine-based aromatic dicarboxylic acid, 1-[N,N -di(4-carboxyphenyl)amino]naphthalene. These amorphous polyamides were readily soluble in various organic solvents and could be cast into transparent and tough films. The aromatic polyamides had useful levels of thermal stability associated with high glass-transition temperatures (268,355 °C), 10% weight loss temperatures in excess of 480 °C, and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 60%. These polymers showed maximum ultraviolet,visible absorption at 350,358 nm and exhibited fluorescence emission maxima around 435,458 nm in N -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solutions with fluorescence quantum yields ranging from 0.4 to 15.0%. The hole-transporting and electrochromic properties were examined with electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyamide films cast onto an indium tin oxide coated glass substrate exhibited one oxidative redox couple around 1.08,1.16 V (oxidation onset potential) versus Ag/AgCl in an acetonitrile solution and revealed good stability of the electrochromic characteristics, with a color change from colorless to green at applied potentials ranging from 0 to 1.6 V. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6094,6102, 2006 [source] Synthesis and self-assembly of polystyrene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes with a hairy-rod nanostructureJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 12 2006Yingkui Yang Abstract Polystyrene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PS- g -MWNTs) with a hairy-rod nanostructure were synthesized by the in situ free-radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) terminated with vinyl groups. To quantitatively study the molecular weight and composition of polystyrene (PS) chains in PS- g -MWNTs, PS- g -MWNTs were fully defunctionalized by hydrolysis. The results showed that 1 of every 100 carbon atoms in MWNTs was functionalized at the tips and outer walls of the carbon nanotubes and grafted by PS with a weight-average molecular weight of 9800 g/mol; therefore, a uniform thin layer (ca. 8,10 nm) of a PS shell was formed on the outer wall of MWNTs. PS- g -MWNTs were soluble in dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran. The thermal stability and glass-transition temperature of PS in PS- g -MWNTs were obviously increased. Nanopins were formed on the glass substrates by the self-assembly of PS- g -MWNTs, and the dewetting effect between the glass substrate and PS chains covered MWNTs during the evaporation of the solution. Both the length and diameter of the nanopins increased with the solution concentration. When PS- g -MWNTs were compression-molded, MWNTs were dispersed uniformly in the PS matrix and formed good networks, such as circlelike and starlike structures, because of the entanglements of hairy PS chains on MWNTs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3869,3881, 2006 [source] Novel family of triphenylamine-containing, hole-transporting, amorphous, aromatic polyamides with stable electrochromic propertiesJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 10 2005Tzy-Hsiang Su Abstract We report the preparation and characterization of a series of novel electrochromic, aromatic poly(amine amide)s with pendent triphenylamine units. The synthesis proceeded via direct phosphorylation polycondensation between a novel diamine, N,N -bis(4-aminophenyl)- N,,N,-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, and various aromatic dicarboxylic acids. All the poly(amine amide)s were amorphous and readily soluble in many common organic solvents and could be solution-cast into transparent, tough, and flexible films with good mechanical properties. They exhibited good thermal stability and 10% weight-loss temperatures above 540 °C. Their glass-transition temperatures were 263,290 °C. These polymers in N -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solutions exhibited strong ultraviolet,visible absorption peaks at 307,358 nm and photoluminescence peaks around 532,590 nm in the green region. The hole-transporting and electrochromic properties were studied with electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of poly(amine amide) films prepared by the casting of polymer solutions onto an indium tin oxide coated glass substrate exhibited two reversible oxidation redox couples at 0.65 and 1.03 V versus Ag/AgCl in an acetonitrile solution. All the poly(amine amide)s showed excellent stability with respect to their electrochromic characteristics; the color of the films changed from pale yellow to green and then blue at 0.85 and 1.25 V, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2085,2098, 2005 [source] Synthesis and characterization of new polybenzimidazopyrrolones derived from pyridine-bridged aromatic tetraamines and dianhydridesJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 8 2004Jin-Gang Liu Abstract A series of new polybenzimidazopyrrolones (polypyrrolone, PPy) were synthesized by polycondensation of pyridine-bridged aromatic tetraamines, including 2,6-bis (3,,4,-diaminophenyl)-4-phenylpyridine and 2,6-bis(3,,4,- diaminophenyl)-4-(3,-trifluoromethyl)phenyl pyridine, with various aromatic dianhydrides. Experimental results indicated that the PPys, multiaromatic conjugated and semiladder polymers, showed good thermal stabilities with thermal-decomposition temperatures of about 500 °C and residual weight retention at 750 °C as high as 84%. PPy films could be obtained by casting the precursor solution, poly(amide amino acid) on glass substrate, followed by thermal dehydrating at elevated temperatures. The polymer films exhibited excellent alkaline hydrolysis resistance, which retained their original shapes and toughness after boiling 7 days in 10% sodium hydroxide solution. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1845,1856, 2004 [source] Synthesis and Electrical Properties of Stabilized Manganese Dioxide (,-MnO2) Thin-Film ElectrodesJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 3 2008Do-Kyun Kwon Manganese dioxide (,-MnO2) thin films have been explored as a cathode material for reliable glass capacitors. Conducting ,-MnO2 thin films were deposited on a borosilicate glass substrate by a chemical solution deposition technique. High carbon activities originated from manganese acetate precursor, (Mn(C2H3O2)2·4H2O) and acetic acid solvent (C2H4O2), which substantially reduced MnO2 phase stability, and resulted in Mn2O3 formation at pyrolysis temperature in air. The ,-MnO2 structure was stabilized by Ba2+ insertion into a (2 × 2) oxygen tunnel frame to form a hollandite structure. With 15,20 mol% Ba addition, a conducting ,-MnO2 thin film was obtained after annealing at 600,650°C, exhibiting low electrical resistivity (,1 ,·cm), which enables application as a cathode material for capacitors. The hollandite ,-MnO2 phase was stable at 850°C, and thermally reduced to the insulating bixbyte (Mn2O3) phase after annealing at 900°C. The phase transition temperature of Ba containing ,-MnO2 was substantially higher than the reported transition temperature for pure MnO2 (,500°C). [source] Polymer-Based Rectifying Diodes on a Glass Substrate Fabricated by Ink-Jet PrintingMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 4 2005Yi Liu Abstract Summary: The fabrication of polymer diodes on a glass substrate by an ink-jet printing technique is reported. Both an n-type semiconductive polymer, poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-(1-cyanovinylene)phenylene] (CN-PPV), and a p-type semiconductive polymer, polypyrrole (PPy) or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), were printed through a piezoelectric ink-jet printer. The printed CN-PPV/PPy and CN-PPV/PEDOT diodes showed good rectifying characteristics. These results indicate the potential of the low-cost ink-jet printing technique to produce polymer microelectronic devices and circuits. Schematic diagram of the printed polymer diode [source] 3D analysis of a quasi circular microstrip antenna by finite element methodMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 4 2006M. Bourry Abstract In this work a complementary study of an elliptical antenna circularly polarized designed on a glass substrate is proposed using a 3D finite-element method that takes into account the finite size of the substrate. This simulation type gave more reliable results in near- and far-field analyses that were performed using a compact-range measurement system. The parasitic effect of the feeding line is confirmed in simulations and in measurements. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 635,639, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21430 [source] Structural evolution of ZnO films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering on glass substratePHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 8 2010Yan-Ping Liao Abstract Influences of O2/Ar flux ratio (R) on surface morphology and structural evolution have been studied in the case of ZnO films deposited on glass substrates by radio-frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering. Results of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) clearly indicate that the surface root-mean-square (rms) roughness, crystallinity, stress, and defects strongly depend on the R. At R,=,1/2, the crystallized ZnO film with highly c -axis orientation and highly smooth surface has been obtained. The implication of these results is that a moderate R is needed to realize high-quality ZnO film. [source] Electrical resistance variation of carbon-nanotube networks due to surface modification of glass substratePHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 8 2010Eui Yun Jang Abstract This study presents the effect of the wettability between a glass substrate and carbon-nanotube (CNT) colloidal solution on the density of CNT networks in a dip-coating process. The surface roughness and the density of functional groups of the glass substrate were modified by using an oxygen-plasma treatment, and then we observed the density of CNT networks with respect to different surface conditions due to the surface modification. It is confirmed that the surface chemical property and the surface morphology of the glass substrate determines the density of CNT networks formed by the dip-coating method. The change of surface free energy induced by hydroxylation and hydration enhances the wettability between a glass substrate and CNT colloidal solution. Moreover, the effective area on which silanol groups can be formed is dependent on the roughness of the surface of the substrate. Eventually, the change of the surface free energy due to the hydroxylation, hydration, and surface roughness effect on the density of the coated CNTs, which determines the sheet resistance of CNT networks. [source] Back Cover (Phys. Status Solidi A 4/2010)PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 4 2010Silvia Giudicatti In their Editor's Choice article on p. 935, Marabelli and coworkers present a study of plasmonic resonances in 2D planar periodic structures, which are constructed by colloidal lithography on gold/polymer surfaces. Strong interplay between plasmonic modes on both sample sides is found. The SEM image, top left on the back cover, shows the nanostructured gold/polymer surface: a residual polystyrene sphere from lithography is in the centre, whereas the top of acrylic acid pillars appear black. Reflectance from this surface passing through the glass substrate was investigated in a flowing cell, as depicted in the sketch on the right. Below, there is the map of angle dispersion of reflectance: lines represent the ideal plasmon polariton dispersion at the gold/glass and gold/air surfaces (solid lines) and the Wood anomalies (dashed lines). 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