German States (german + states)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Überprüfung und Bewertung der seismischen Bemessungsgrößen nach DIN 19700 am Beispiel der Thüringer Talsperren

BAUTECHNIK, Issue 12 2004
Jochen Schwarz Dr.-Ing.
Durch die DIN 19700 werden Talsperren u. ä. Wasserbauwerke hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung, ihres Stauvolumens und Höhe (bzw. Stauhöhe) in unterschiedliche Klassen eingeteilt, verbunden mit unterschiedlichen Anforderungen an die Auslegung und Nachweisführung. Da die Talsperren in seismisch unterschiedlich aktiven Erdbebengebieten liegen, sind die Nachweisanforderungen in Abhängigkeit von der Gefährdung (Erdbebenzonen mit bestimmten Intensitätsintervallen) zu staffeln. Es wird untersucht, welche Anforderungen aus der Einführung DIN 19700 abzuleiten sind und wie auf Ebene der Bundesländer die praktische Umsetzung erfolgen kann. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die Thüringer Technische Anleitung Stauanlagen gesondert gewürdigt, die gegenüber der DIN veränderte Festlegungen beinhaltet. Im folgenden werden Grundzüge einer vereinheitlichten Vorgehensweise für den Freistaat Thüringen entwickelt und die notwendigen Bearbeitungsphasen erläutert. Sie sind so gestaltet, daß Synergieeffekte erreicht werden können und eine Übertragbarkeit auf die anderen Bundesländer gewährleistet ist. Examination and evaluation of seismic design criteria according to DIN 4149 by the example of the Thuringia dams. According to the new DIN 19700 dams and other water retaining structures are classified with respect to their storage capacity and height leading to differentiated demands on design and safety verification. Since the dams are located in quite different seismic regions, these demands have to reflect the level of seismic hazard (in terms of zones expressing different intensity intervals). The paper investigates the requirements connected with the introduction of DIN 19700 and the problems arising when implementing the code in a nation-wide scale acknowledging the federal system in Germany. In this context and due to some normative elements, deviating from DIN 19700, the Thuringian Technical Guide is considered more in detail. Basic contours of a unified strategy for the state of Thuringia and the required steps of action are presented. The procedure allows for effects of synergy by maintaining the transformability of the guidelines to other German States. [source]


The political economy of natural disaster insurance: lessons from the failure of a proposed compulsory insurance scheme in Germany

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE, Issue 6 2007
Reimund Schwarze
Abstract This paper studies the politico-economic reasons for the refusal of a proposed compulsory flood insurance scheme in Germany. It provides the rationale for such a scheme and outlines the basic features of a market-orientated design. The main reasons for the political rejection of this proposal were the misperceived costs of a state guarantee, legal objections against a compulsory insurance, distributional conflicts between the federal government and the German states on the implied administrative costs and the well known charity hazard of ad hoc disaster relief. The focus on pure market solutions proved to be an ineffective strategy for policy advice in this field. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]


Political Economy of Immigration in Germany: Attitudes and Citizenship Aspirations,

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW, Issue 2 2009
Martin Kahanec
This paper examines resident foreigners' interest in German citizenship. We use a unique data set from a survey of foreign residents in the German states to study the roles played by factors such as attitudes towards foreigners and political interest of foreigners. We find that negative attitudes towards foreigners and generational conflict within foreigner families are significant negative factors. While interest in political participation is among the important positive factors, hostile attitudes, lack of voting rights, or uncertainty about staying in Germany mainly discourage foreigners who actively participate in the labor market, have more years of schooling, and are younger. [source]


Have Business Cycles Become More Synchronized?

JCMS: JOURNAL OF COMMON MARKET STUDIES, Issue 1 2002
Jakob De Haan
Will further integration make business cycles in EMU countries more similar? This article answers the question by analysing to what extent business cycles in US and German states have become more synchronized and by examining whether synchronization in OECD countries is affected by trade intensity and exchange rate stability. Using long-run data for the US we find only mixed evidence for synchronization. However, post-war data for Germany suggest that business cycles behave more similarly over time. The evidence for OECD countries is mixed: trade intensity has led to more, and exchange rate stability to less, synchronization. [source]


Working in East German Socialism in 1980 and in Capitalism 15 Years Later: A Trend Analysis of a Transitional Economy's Working Conditions

APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2000
Doris Fay
Many studies document the changes that have taken place in the new German states, the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), since the end of socialism. Most research looks at the changes that took place after the unification of East and West Germany, but little is known about the differences between the present, somewhat settled situation in the new German states and the stable situation in the GDR before the system change. The goal of this study was to enlarge our knowledge on these differences. With a trend analysis, aspects of work in the GDR in 1980 (n=337) were compared with the new German states in 1995 (n=168). Results showed that there was more job control and complexity, more activity in work improvement and better work organisation in the new German states than in the GDR. There was no difference in stress variables and social support by colleagues between both groups. Relationships with supervisors and appreciation for suggestions for work improvement were better in the GDR than after the introduction of capitalism. Beaucoup d'e´tudes portent sur les changements qui ont eu lieu depuis la fin du socialisme dans les nouveaux La¨nder allemands, à savoir l'ancienne Re´publique De´mocratique d'Allemagne (R.D.A.). La plupart des recherches s'occupent des changements apparus après la re´unification, mais on sait peu de choses des diffe´rences entre la situation actuelle, plus ou moins stabilise´e, et la situation telle qu'elle e´tait avant l'effondrement du système. Ce travail avait pour objectif d'approfondir nos connaissances sur ces diffe´rences. On a compare´ des dimensions du travail en R.D.A. en 1980 (N=337) et dans les nouveaux Länder en 1995 (N=168). Les re´sultats montrent qu'en R.D.A. le travail e´tait moins complexe, moins contrôle, moins bien organise´ avec un moindre souci d'ame´lioration. Aucune diffe´rence n'est apparue entre les deux groupes quant à la tension nerveuse et au soutien social apporte´ par les collègues. Les relations avec le supe´rieur et la reconnaissance pour les suggestions concernant les am¨eliorations à apporter au travail étaient moins satisfaisantes après l'introduction du capitalisme qu'elles ne l'e´taient antérieurement en R.D.A. [source]