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Genetic Diversity Studies (genetic + diversity_studies)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Population genetics of a marine bivalve, Pinctada maxima, throughout the Indo-Australian Archipelago shows differentiation and decreased diversity at range limits

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Issue 24 2007
CURTIS E. LIND
Abstract Intraspecific genetic diversity governs the potential of species to prevail in the face of environmental or ecological challenges; therefore, its protection is critical. The Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) is a significant reservoir of the world's marine biodiversity and a region of high conservation priority. Yet, despite indications that the IAA may harbour greater intraspecific variation, multiple-locus genetic diversity data are limited. We investigated microsatellite DNA variation in Pinctada maxima populations from the IAA to elucidate potential factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in the region. Results indicate that genetic diversity decreases as the geographical distance away from central Indonesia increases, and that populations located towards the centre of P. maxima's range are more genetically diverse than those located peripherally (P < 0.01). Significant partitioning of genetic variation was identified (FST = 0.027; RST = 0.023, P < 0.001) and indicates that historical biogeographical episodes or oceanographic factors have shaped present population genetic structure. We propose that the genetic diversity peak in P. maxima populations may be due to (i) an abundance of suitable habitat within the IAA, meaning larger, more temporally stable populations can be maintained and are less likely to encounter genetic bottlenecks; and/or (ii) the close proximity of biogeographical barriers around central Indonesia results in increased genetic diversity in the region because of admixture of genetically divergent populations. We encourage further genetic diversity studies of IAA marine biota to confirm whether this region has a significant role in maintaining intraspecific diversity, which will greatly assist the planning and efficacy of future conservation efforts. [source]

Isolation and characterization of 19 microsatellite markers in a tropical and warm subtropical birch, Betula alnoides Buch.,Ham. ex D. Don

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 4 2008
J. J. GUO
Abstract Betula alnoides is an ecologically and economically important species in the tropics and warm subtropics. Nineteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated from this species, which displayed three to 12 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.100 to 0.905, and the expected heterozygosities from 0.510 to 0.893. These markers would be useful tools in genetic resource assessment, molecular marker-assistant breeding, parentage analysis and genetic diversity studies for this species. [source]

Clustering of amplified fragment length polymorphism markers in a linkage map of rye

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 2 2002
B. Saal
Abstract Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) are now widely used in DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity studies, the construction of dense genetic maps and in fine mapping of agronomically important traits. The AFLP markers have been chosen as a source to extend and saturate a linkage map of rye, which has previously been generated by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, simple sequence repeat and isozyme markers. Gaps between linkage groups, which were known to be part of chromosome 2R, have been closed, thus allowing the determination of their correct order. Eighteen EcoRI- MseI primer combinations were screened for polymorphism and yielded 148 polymorphic bands out of a total of 1180. The level of polymorphism among the different primer combinations varied from 5.7% to 33.3%. Eight primer combinations, which revealed most polymorphisms, were further analysed in all individuals of the F2 mapping population. Seventy-one out of 80 polymorphic loci could be integrated into the linkage map, thereby increasing the total number of markers to 182. However, 46% of the mapped AFLP markers constituted four major clusters located on chromosomes 2R, 5R and 7R, predominantly in proximity to the centromere. The integration of AFLP markers caused an increase of 215 cM, which resulted in a total map length of almost 1100 cM. [source]

A standard panel of microsatellites for Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)

ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 2 2010
Z. Y. Zhu
Summary Microsatellites are the most popular markers for parentage assignment and population genetic studies. To meet the demand for international comparability for genetic studies of Asian seabass, a standard panel of 28 microsatellites has been selected and characterized using the DNA of 24 individuals from Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia. The average allele number of these markers was 10.82 ± 0.71 (range: 6,19), and the expected heterozygosity averaged 0.76 ± 0.02 (range: 0.63,1.00). All microsatellites showed Mendelian inheritance. In addition, eight standard size controls have been developed by cloning a set of microsatellite alleles into a pGEM-T vector to calibrate allele sizes determined by different laboratories, and are available upon request. Seven multiplex PCRs, each amplifying 3,5 markers, were optimized to accurately and rapidly genotype microsatellites. Parentage assignment using 10 microsatellites in two crosses (10 × 10 and 20 × 20) demonstrated a high power of these markers for revealing parent-sibling connections. This standard set of microsatellites will standardize genetic diversity studies of Asian seabass, and the multiplex PCR sets will facilitate parentage assignment. [source]