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General Violence (general + violence)
Selected AbstractsAdaptive and maladaptive personality traits as predictors of violent and nonviolent offending behavior in men and womenAGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, Issue 3 2010Abigail J. Varley Thornton Abstract The aim of this study was to assess both violent and nonviolent offending behavior in a single, mixed-sex population. The rationale for this is that the two types of offending are usually researched separately, despite evidence that they overlap. A comprehensive measure of general violence, intimate partner violence (IPV), and nonviolent offending behavior was administered to 116 men and 181 women, together with measures of personality and personality disorder (PD) traits, to investigate whether predictors of violent and nonviolent offending were similar or different for men and women. Men were found to perpetrate higher levels of general violence and nonviolent offenses than women, but women perpetrated significantly more IPV than men. Cluster B PD traits predicted all three offense types for women and also men's general violence and nonviolent offending. Women's general violence and men's non-violence also had one unique risk factor each, low agreeableness, and low conscientiousness, respectively. The main difference was for IPV, where men's IPV was predicted by cluster A PD traits, indicating that men's and women's risk factors for IPV may be different, although their risk factors for the other offense types were fairly consistent. Aggr. Behav. 36:177,186, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The informal social control of intimate partner violence against women: Exploring personal attitudes and perceived neighborhood social cohesionJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 8 2007Victoria Frye Intimate partner violence against women is a major public health and social problem. However, our understanding of how the geographic community or neighborhood influences its distribution is underdeveloped. In contrast, there is accumulating evidence that neighborhood characteristics, such as social cohesion and related neighborhood factors, are associated with general violence both at the neighborhood and individual levels. Drawing insights from social disorganization, feminist, and bystander intervention research and theory, this cross-sectional, exploratory study examines influences on the predicted likelihood of intervening in general and intimate partner violence situations, termed enacting informal social control. Specificially, perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion and related neighborhood factors, and personal attitudes toward intimate partner violence are assessed using data from a community sample of 119 New York City residents. Results indicate that perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion were not positively related to predicted likelihood of enacting informal social control of either general violence or intimate partner violence. Personal attitudes towards intimate partner violence were positively associated with predicted informal social control of intimate partner, but not general violence. The need for further research in this area and theoretical and practical implications of the findings for intimate partner violence against women prevention are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 1001,1018, 2007. [source] Victim-reported risk factors for continued abusive behavior: Assessing the dangerousness of arrested batterersJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2003Lauren Bennett Cattaneo Policy changes have dramatically increased the number of domestic violence cases entering criminal courts, creating a critical need for competent risk assessment. This study adds to the knowledge base about risk factors important to consider in such assessments, using a prospective design and follow-up through victim interview. Participants were 169 primarily African American women who appeared at a court intake center following the arrest of an abusive partner. We reached over half of these participants for follow-up 3 months later. Questionnaires administered at intake elicited information about demographics, substance abuse, the history of physical and psychological abuse in the relationship, the batterer's general violence, and the victim's own assessment of her level of endangerment. All variables were measured through victim report, combined with official records when relevant. Significant predictors of continued abusive behavior were the batterer's history of alcohol abuse, the severity of abuse in the relationship, the batterer's general violence, the level of psychological abuse in the relationship, and, notably, the victim's own assessment of the dangerousness of her case. Most variables were stronger in their sensitivity, or ability to correctly identify reabusers, than their specificity, or ability to correctly identify nonreabusers. Implications for practice and research are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 31: 349,369, 2003. [source] | ||||||||||