Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
General Recognition (general + recognition)
Selected AbstractsOrganizational Routines as Sources of Connections and UnderstandingsJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 3 2002Martha S. Feldman Organizational routines are increasingly identified as an aspect of organizations that allows them to achieve the balance between adaptability and stability. We contribute to this discussion by showing that the connections that organizational routines make between people contribute to both stability and the ability to adapt. We argue that the connections between people that are formed as they engage together in organizational routines are important for developing understandings about both what needs to be done in a specific instance of performing a routine and about the goals of the organization that routines presumably help accomplish. Together the two sets of understandings influence organizational performance by affecting the ability of organizations to adapt to changing circumstances. These arguments lead to a general recognition of the importance to organizations of connections and the suggestion that the connections, themselves, may be an important outcome of organizational routines. [source] Rhotacization and the ,Beijing Smooth Operator': The social meaning of a linguistic variable1JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 2 2008Qing Zhang Recent sociolinguistic studies on style have focused much attention on the construction of social meaning in situated discursive practices. Despite a general recognition that the linguistic resources used are often already imbued with social meanings, little research has been done on what these meanings may be. Focusing on rhotacization, a sociolinguistic variable in Beijing Mandarin, this article explores its imbued social meanings and sociocultural associations. I demonstrate that rhotacization takes on semiotic saliency through co-occurrence with key Beijing cultural terms and frequent use in written representations of authentic Beijing-ness. Furthermore, this feature is associated with the ,Beijing Smooth Operator,' a salient male local character type, and is ideologically construed as reflecting its characterological attributes. The findings of this study shed light on the meaning potential of a linguistic variable, rhotacization in this case, which can enhance understanding of the possibilities and constraints for its use and meaning in new contexts. [source] Developing a global approach to the theory and practice of young people leaving state careCHILD & FAMILY SOCIAL WORK, Issue 3 2006John Pinkerton ABSTRACT This paper argues that globalization, although needing to be recognized as a highly complex phenomenon and a contested concept, should become part of the debate about improving the life chances of young people leaving care. Understanding globalization is essential to developing the effective strategies of engagement and resistance needed to address the social exclusion of these young people. Consideration is given to the considerable difficulties faced in moving from that general recognition to a sufficiently nuanced view of the impact of globalization on care leaving required as the basis for action. Existing approaches to promoting international exchange and understanding are discussed and a conceptual model presented as the means to start the work of identifying how the needs of care leavers are assessed and met in different national contexts. It is suggested that by identifying patterns of cross-national similarities and differences, it will become possible to understand and to engage with the processes and institutions of globalization. An international theoretical and practice agenda are proposed appropriate to the present early stage in ensuring that globalization works for and not against the interests of care leavers. [source] Considering religion and beliefs in child protection and safeguarding work: is any consensus emerging?CHILD ABUSE REVIEW, Issue 2 2009Philip Gilligan Abstract Diverse, but significant, phenomena have combined to raise both the profile of issues related to religion and child abuse and the need for professionals to understand and respond appropriately to them. The nature of some of these issues is explored and attempts made to clarify them. Data collected by the author primarily from questionnaires completed by professionals involved in child protection and safeguarding work are analysed and discussed. Some patterns are identified and explored. Finally, it is suggested that, despite the apparent emergence of a more general recognition and acknowledgement of these issues amongst many professionals, relevant day-to-day practice remains largely dependent on individual views and attitudes. Moreover, practitioners are able to continue with ,religion-blind' and ,belief-blind' approaches without these being significantly challenged by agency policies or by professional cultures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Investigation Of AM-36: A Novel Neuroprotective AgentCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 11 2001Jk Callaway SUMMARY 1. The neurochemical sequelae following cerebral ischaemia are complex, involving excess release of excitatory amino acids, particularly glutamate, disruption of ionic homeostasis due to Na+ and Ca2+ influx and generation of toxic free radicals, ultimately leading to cell death by both necrosis and apoptosis. 2. Drugs that block components of this biochemical cascade, such as glutamate receptor antagonists, sodium channel blockers and free radical scavengers, have been investigated as putative neuroprotective agents. The knowledge that multiple mechanisms contribute to neuronal injury in ischaemia have led to the general recognition that a single drug treatment is unlikely to be beneficial in the treatment of cerebral ischaemia. 3. AM-36 [1-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxy)ethyl-4-(3,5-bis(1,1-dimethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylpiperazine] is one of a series of hybrid molecules designed to incorporate multiple neuroprotective mechanisms within the one structure. Primary screening tests demonstrated that AM-36 inhibited binding to the polyamine site of glutamate receptors, blocked neuronal sodium channels and had potent anti-oxidant activity. In neuronal cell cultures, AM-36 inhibited toxicity induced by N -methyl- D -aspartate (NMDA) and the sodium channel opener veratridine and, in addition, inhibited veratridine-induced apoptosis. 4. In a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in conscious rats, systemic administration of AM-36 markedly reduced both cortical and striatal infarct volume and significantly improved functional outcome in motor performance, neurological deficit and sensorimotor neglect tests. AM-36 was neuroprotective even when administration was delayed until 3 h systemically, or 5 h intravenously, after induction of stroke. 5. These studies indicate that AM-36 is a unique neuroprotective agent with multiple modes of action, making it an attractive candidate for the treatment of acute stroke in humans. [source] | ||||||||||