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Gentamicin Sulphate (gentamicin + sulphate)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences66%

Selected Abstracts

The effect of gentamicin sulphate on the fracture properties of a manually mixed bone cement

FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES, Issue 6 2007
M. BALEANI
ABSTRACT This work investigates the effect of adding gentamicin, an antibiotic, on the fracture properties of bone cement. Endurance limit, fatigue crack propagation and fracture toughness were determined for a polymethylmethacrylate-based cement, containing 10% w/w of barium sulphate as radiopacifying agent, and the same formulation modified by the addition of 4.22% w/w of gentamicin sulphate. The antibiotic does not affect the endurance limit nor the fracture toughness of the material. There are significant differences in the parameters of the Paris' law fitting the crack growth data: once the main crack is nucleated, it initially propagates at a lower rate but thereafter accelerates faster in gentamicin loaded bone cement. Despite this difference, the growth rate for the same stress intensity factor remains of the same order of magnitude in both formulations. The addition of 4.22% w/w of gentamicin sulphate to radiopaque bone cement has a negligible total effect on the fracture properties of the material. [source]

Cytotoxicity of MTA and Portland cement on human ECV 304 endothelial cells

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 9 2005
G. De Deus
Abstract Aim, To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of two brands of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Pro-Root MTA® and MTA Angelus®) and Portland cement (PC) on the human ECV 304 endothelial cell line. Methodology, Endothelial ECV 304 cells were incubated at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 95% air, 5% carbon dioxide and 100% humidity for 7 days and grown in F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum with 50 ,g mL,1 of gentamicin sulphate. Effects of the materials on mitochondrial functions were measured by a colorimetric assay. At each experimental time interval (24, 48 and 72 h), a dimethyl-thiazol-diphenyl tetrazolium bromid assay was conducted to measure cell viability. All assays were repeated three times to ensure reproducibility. Results were expressed as average absorbance (A570\,nm) ± SD and the data were analysed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post-test. A P -value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results, No statistically significant difference was shown between any of the experimental materials (P > 0.05). Conclusions, The two brands of MTA analysed, as well as the PC, initially showed a similar elevated cytotoxic effect that decreased gradually with time allowing the cell culture to become reestablished. [source]

Guided tissue regeneration combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss®) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: 6-year results from a randomized-controlled clinical trial

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2010
Andreas Stavropoulos
Stavropoulos A, Karring T. Guided tissue regeneration combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss®) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: 6-year results from a randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 200,210. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01520.x. Abstract Aim: To present the 6-year results of a randomized-controlled clinical trial evaluating guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with or without deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in intrabony defects. Material & Methods: In each of 45 patients, one defect was treated with GTR combined with DBBM hydrated in saline (DBBM,) or gentamicin sulphate (DBBM+) or with GTR alone. Clinical parameters were recorded pre-surgery, at 1 and 6 years postsurgery. Results: Thirty-six patients/33 teeth were available for the 6-year control. Statistically significant clinical improvements were observed for all treatments. Clinical attachment level (CAL) gain averaged 2.5 mm (DBBM,), 4.1 mm (DBBM+), and 3.0 mm (GTR) at 1 year postsurgery, and remained stable over 5 additional years (2.3, 4.1, and 2.7 mm, respectively). Treatment did not appear to influence residual probing depths (PDs) or CAL gains at 6 years postsurgery, or the extent of PD and CAL change from 1 to 6 years, and did not associate with sites losing CAL during follow-up. No association of grafting with sites showing CAL gain 4 mm at the 1- or 6-year control was observed. Conclusion: The improvements in periodontal conditions obtained after GTR treatment with or without the adjunct use of DBBM can be preserved on a long-term basis. [source]

Spirulina platensis protects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 11 2008
Ali Karadeniz
Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Spirulina platensis (SP) on gentamicin sulphate (GS)-induced changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidants in the kidney of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated in separate groups as follows for 7 consecutive days: control (C), gentamicin sulphate (100 mg/kg i.p.) (GS), Spirulina platensis (1000 mg/kg orally) (SP) and Spirulina platensis (1000 mg/kg orally) plus gentamicin sulphate (100 mg/kg i.p.) (SP + GS). The degree of protection was evaluated by determining the effects of Spirulina platensis on malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and nitric oxide (NO), and plasma creatinine and urea levels were estimated in kidney homogenates to evaluate antioxidant activity, and the kidney was histologically examined as well. Spirulina platensis elicited significant nephroprotective activity by decreasing lipid peroxidation (MDA) and elevated the levels of GSH, SOD, GPX, NO, creatinine and urea. Furthermore, these biochemical observations were supplemented by histological examination of the rat kidneys. In conclusion, the present study indicates a very important role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the relation to renal dysfunction and point to the therapeutic potential of Spirulina platensis in gentamicin sulphate induced nephrotoxicity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]