GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2010
Nicole Gombay
ABSTRACT. Using Inuit as an illustration, this article discusses what it means to live in community, and argues that by taking people's moral geographies into account one may understand more fully the make-up of community. The article maintains that their moral geography creates a feeling among Inuit of obligation for the other. It is this obligation that serves as the basis for community. The article theorizes about the implications of internalized mores based on obligation, and discusses how, in contrast to the concept of rights, such mores contribute to the formation and maintenance of community. The article concludes that developing a situated understanding of people's moral geographies may help to expand our comprehension of community construction and maintenance. [source]

"SCENOPHOBIA", GEOGRAPHY AND THE AESTHETIC POLITICS OF LANDSCAPE

GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2007
Karl Benediktsson
ABSTRACT. Recent critiques of the nature,culture dualism, influenced by diverse theoretical stances, have effectively destabilized the "naturalness" of nature and highlighted its pervasive and intricate sociality. Yet the practical, ethical and political effects of this theoretical turn are open to question. In particular, the emphasis on the sociality of nature has not led to reinvigorated environmental or landscape politics. Meanwhile, the need for such politics has if anything increased, as evident when ongoing and, arguably, accelerating landscape transformations are taken into account. These concerns are illustrated in the paper with an example from Iceland. In its uninhabited central highland, serious battles are now being fought over landscape values. Capital and state have joined forces in an investment-driven scramble for hydropower and geothermal resources to facilitate heavy industry, irrevocably transforming landscapes in the process. Dissonant voices arguing for caution and conservation have been sidelined or silenced by the power(ful) alliance. The author argues for renewed attention to the aesthetic, including the visual, if responsible politics of landscape are to be achieved. Aesthetic appreciation is an important part of the everyday experiences of most people. Yet, enthusiastic as they have been in deconstructing conventional narratives of nature, geographers have been rather timid when it comes to analysing aesthetic values of landscape and their significance, let alone in suggesting progressive landscape politics. A political geography of landscape is needed which takes aesthetics seriously, and which acknowledges the merit of engagement and enchantment. [source]

MONEY FLOWS LIKE MERCURY: THE GEOGRAPHY OF GLOBAL FINANCE

GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2005
Gordon L Clark
ABSTRACT. If the social relations and inherited configuration of production were at the core of economic geography a decade ago, these aspects of the world are increasingly taken for granted. The global scope of industry and corporate strategy has claimed increasing attention over the past decade. And while any ,new' economic geography must have something to say about the nature of human agency and the role of institutions in structuring the landscape, care must be taken not to exaggerate their significance for constructive interaction. In point of fact, the global finance industry is an essential lens through which to study contemporary capitalism from the top-down and the bottom-up. If we are to understand the economic landscape of twenty-first century capitalism, it should be understood through global financial institutions, its social formations and investment practices. This argument is developed by reference to the recent literature on the geography of finance and a metaphor , money flows like mercury , designed to explicate the spatial and temporal logic of global capital flows. Some may dispute this argument, but in doing so they lament the passing of an era rather than advancing a convincing counterclaim about how the world is and what it might become. All this means that we have to rethink the significance of geographical scale and organizational processes as opposed to an unquestioned commitment to localities. [source]

WITHER PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY: 100 VOLUMES OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW,

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 4 2010
DOUGLAS J. SHERMAN
First page of article [source]

ORNITHOPHILIA: THOUGHTS ON GEOGRAPHY IN BIRDING

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 2 2010
MARK BONTA
abstract. The deeper motives of bird-watchers have rarely been subjected to geographical inquiry. Birders are sometimes dismissed as hobbyists bent on compensating for feelings of inadequacy and lack of control in their personal lives. In this article, utilizing textual references as well as experiences from my own participant-observer status as geographer-cum-birder and bird-tour leader, I construct a geographically oriented approach to understanding the fascinations of bird-watching. I detail ethnographically the annual Christmas Bird Count and a bird walk in the Honduran rain forest. Then, drawing from the nest-as-home metaphors of Gaston Bachelard and the "becoming-bird" relationships suggested by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, I position birding as extraordinarily intimate exploration of place, reinforced by anticipation, repetition, experience of beauty, and the culminating encounter of human self, bird or bird spectacle, and landscape. [source]

GEOGRAPHY AND LAND REFORM

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2008
ALISTAIR FRASER
ABSTRACT. In this article I examine a range of issues raised in recent geographical studies of land reform. I briefly discuss the career of land reform, review a selection of geographical publications on land reform in a range of places in the global south and even the global north, note some prominent themes and silences, and raise points for discussion and debate about the direction a geography-of-land-reform literature might take. My aim is to help geographers who are interested in land reform identify ways in which they might more purposively develop a literature that heretofore has not been considered a whole. [source]

THE PANOPTICON'S CHANGING GEOGRAPHY

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2007
JEROME E. DOBSON
ABSTRACT. Over the past two centuries, surveillance technology has advanced in three major spurts. In the first instance the surveillance instrument was a specially designed building, Bentham's Panopticon; in the second, a tightly controlled television network, Orwell's Big Brother; today, an electronic human-tracking service. Functionally, each technology provided total surveillance within the confines of its designated geographical coverage, but costs, geographical coverage, and benefits have changed dramatically through time. In less than a decade, costs have plummeted from hundreds of thousands of dollars per watched person per year for analog surveillance or tens of thousands of dollars for incarceration to mere hundreds of dollars for electronic human-tracking systems. Simultaneously, benefits to those being watched have increased enormously, so that individual and public resistence are minimized. The end result is a fertile new field of investigation for surveillance studies involving an endless variety of power relationships. Our literal, empirical approach to panopticism has yielded insights that might have been less obvious under the metaphorical approach that has dominated recent scholarly discourse. We conclude that both approaches,literal and metaphorical,are essential to understand what promises to be the greatest instrument of social change arising from the Information Revolution. We urge public and scholarly debate,local, national, and global,on this grand social experiment that has already begun without forethought. [source]

CONSERVATION'S RADICAL CENTER IN GEOGRAPHY

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 1-2 2001
JOHN B. WRIGHT
First page of article [source]

A GLOBE THAT FILLS THE SKY: GEOGRAPHY FROM THE SPACE SHUTTLE

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 1-2 2001
Article first published online: 21 APR 2010, THOMAS D. JONES
First page of article [source]

"GEOGRAPHY IS TWINNED WITH DIVINITY": THE LAUDIAN GEOGRAPHY OF PETER HEYLYN

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 1 2000
Article first published online: 21 APR 2010, Dr. ROBERT J. MAYHEW
ABSTRACT. This critical history of geography looks to the political concepts that historical actors held and analyzes the incorporation of these concepts into geography. Peter Heylyn, who politicized his geographical books Microcosmus (1621) and, still more, Cosmographie (1657), followed William Laud's characteristic brand of High Church Anglicanism, avowedly hostile both to Roman Catholicism and to Calvinist forms of Protestantism, while upholding an ideal of the Church of England as both independent and apostolic. Further, Laudians were stalwart defendants of monarchy as a divine institution. This Laudian vision of church and state informed Heylyn's geographical works, which goes against a received wisdom that they are divorced from his polemical historical, political, and theological tracts. We thus recover the politics of early modern geography as contemporaries might have understood them. [source]

ENTREPRENEURS' LOCATION CHOICE AND PUBLIC POLICIES: A SURVEY OF THE NEW ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 5 2008
Fabien Candau
Abstract The aim of this paper is to survey what has been done by the New Economic Geography (NEG) on a regional scale in order to answer the three following questions: What are the predictions of the NEG concerning the future of regions in the triad? Are these predictions robust? What can be the optimal public policy on a regional and national scale in a world characterized by agglomeration, trade liberalization and mobility of entrepreneurs? In surveying the most recent contributions in this area, the paper sheds light on several shortcomings of the NEG literature in order to point out new directions for further research, with particular reference to studies concerning welfare and tax competition. [source]

PREFERENCE HETEROGENEITY AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY,

JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2009
Antonella Nocco
ABSTRACT We investigate the effect of preference heterogeneity between skilled and unskilled workers on agglomeration, and we identify a new source of dependence of equilibrium prices on the demand properties shaped by the inter-regional distribution of workers. We find a new preference effect, and we show that when the intensity of skilled workers' preference for the modern good and its variety is strong enough, prices charged by firms may even increase when the mass of local firms increases, therefore acting as a new dispersion force when trade costs are low or as a new agglomeration force when trade costs are high. [source]

THE GEOGRAPHY OF INSECURITY: SPATIAL CHANGE AND THE FLEXIBILIZATION OF LABOR IN METRO MANILA

JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 4 2009
GAVIN SHATKIN
ABSTRACT:,There has been considerable attention in the urban studies literature to the implications of spatial change associated with globalization for the urban poor in advanced economies, but much less so in developing countries despite the fact that this is where most urbanization is occurring. This article attempts to address this issue in the context of Metro Manila, a globalizing city of 10.7 million that sits in a larger mega-urban region of some 17 million. It does so through an analysis of data collected through two methods: a sample survey of six low-income settlements in the Metro Manila region that collected information about housing conditions, income, and employment of household members, commuting, and household heads',opinions regarding spatial change; and in-depth interviews with a subset of respondents that were intended to generate narratives and stories that would elucidate the experience of households with spatial change. The study identifies three main issues confronting the surveyed households: the social impacts of the flexibilization of labor in the Metro Manila region, gender and age differences in access to employment, and the prevalence of extremely long commutes on the urban fringe. The article concludes that the issues faced by Metro Manila households are in many ways quite distinct from those in cities in advanced economies. It further argues that these differences have important implications both for urban policy and practice in addressing equity issues, and for theories of globalization and issues of spatial change and social equity in cities. [source]

Geographies of Financialization in Disarray: The Dutch Case in Comparative Perspective

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 1 2010
Ewald Engelen
abstract The securitization crisis that started in mid-2007 has demonstrated that we are indeed living in a "global financial village" and are all subject to the vagaries of financialization. Nevertheless, the fallout from the credit crisis has not been homogeneous across space. That some localities were hit harder than others suggests that there are distinct geographies of financialization. Combining insights from the "varieties of capitalism" literature with those from the literature on "financialization studies," the article offers a first take on what may explain these different geographies on the basis of an informal comparison of the trajectories of financialization and their political repercussions in the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands. The article ends with some reflections on how economic geography could be enriched by combining comparative studies on institutionalism and financialization, while its distinct research focus,detailed spatial analysis endowed with a well-developed sensitivity for geographic variegation,may help overcome the methodological nationalism of much comparative institutionalism. [source]

Entrepreneurial Geographies: Support Networks in Three High-Technology Industries

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2005
Martin Kenney
Abstract: Using a unique database derived from prospectuses for U.S. initial public stock offerings, we examine the location of four actors (the firm's lawyers, the venture capitalists on the board of directors, the other members of the board of directors, and the lead investment banker) of the entrepreneurial support network for startup firms in three high-technology industries: semiconductors, telecommunications equipment, and biotechnology. We demonstrate that the economic geography of the biotechnology support network differs significantly from the networks in semiconductors and telecommunications equipment. Biotechnology has a far-more-dispersed entrepreneurial support network structure than do the two electronics-related industries. The case of biotechnology indicates that if the source of seeds for new firms is highly dispersed, then an industry may not experience the path-dependent clustering suggested by geographers. We argue that contrary to common belief, biotechnology and its support network do not exhibit as great a clustering as do semiconductors and telecommunications equipment and their support networks. This argument leads to an epistemological issue, namely, the lack of interindustry comparative work. This is an odd omission, since nearly all authors agree that industries are based on particular knowledge bases, yet few consider that the knowledge and the sources of it may have an impact on spatial distributions. [source]

Geographies of Australian Heritages: Loving a Sunburnt Country?

GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2009
Brian J. Shaw, Edited by Roy Jones
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION: Historical Geographies.

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 4 2010
By Barney Warf.
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Geographies of Architecture: The Multiple Lives of Buildings

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2010
Peter Kraftl
Arguably, cultural geography began with the study of architectural forms. The first half of this article traces the geographical study of buildings as a relatively small but significant sub-field of cultural geography. It summarises three approaches that characterise this work. First, the study of everyday, vernacular buildings, found especially (but not exclusively) in North American cultural geography. Second, radical critiques of the political,economic imperatives that are built into particular architectural forms such as the skyscraper and the related interpretation of buildings as signs, symbols or referents for dominant socio-cultural discourses or moralities. Third, what can broadly (but not unproblematically) be termed non-representational or ,critical' methods that stress practice, materiality and affect. The second half of the article highlights the productive connections between these three approaches. It stresses that recent research on the geographies of architecture has adopted elements of each approach to make a number of contributions to the study of cultural geography. Two key themes are considered: movement/stasis; the politics of architectural design and practice. Consideration of these themes anticipates a conclusion with some broad suggestions for future geographical research on architecture. [source]

Geographies of Corporate Decision-Making and Control: Development, Applications, and Future Directions in Headquarters Location Research

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2010
Murray D. Rice
This article surveys the body of investigation related to the location of headquarters and other elite corporate decision-making activities, a research field known as quaternary location studies. The discussion includes four main sections following an introduction. The first reviews the initial development of headquarters location research from the early 20th century to 1980. The second section discusses contemporary developments and criticisms of the field that have diversified the field beyond its early focus on large-firm headquarters alone to examine the geography of all activities related to corporate decision making. We posit that incorporation of rapidly growing firms in quaternary research is a key element of this diversification. The third section examines the possibilities for further headquarters location research by making a connection between decision-making location and the literature of techno-economic paradigms. The article concludes by summarizing the current state of the field, and argues that a continued diversification of research interests and perspectives is vital to the advancement of quaternary location studies as an important contributor to improved corporate strategies and more effective public policy. [source]

Conservation Geographies in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Politics of National Parks, Community Conservation and Peace Parks

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2010
Brian King
Sub-Saharan Africa has been the location of intense conservation planning since the colonial era. Under the auspices of wilderness protection, colonial authorities established national parks largely for the purpose of hunting and tourism while forcibly evicting indigenous populations. Concerns about the ethical and economic impacts of protected areas have generated interest in community conservation initiatives that attempt to include local participation in natural resource management. In recent years, the anticipated loss of biodiversity, coupled with the integration of ecological concepts into planning processes, has generated interest in larger-scale initiatives that maximize protected habitat. Central to this shift are transboundary conservation areas, or Peace Parks, that involve protected territory that supersedes national political borders. This study provides a review of national parks, community conservation, and Peace Parks, in order to understand the development politics and governance challenges of global conservation. Although these approaches are not mutually exclusive, the study asserts that they represent major trajectories to conservation planning in Sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the developing world. In considering the histories of these models in Sub-Saharan Africa, I argue that conservation planners often prioritize economic and ecological factors over the political circumstances that influence the effectiveness of these approaches. The study concludes by suggesting that an analysis of these three models provides a lens to examine ongoing debates regarding the employ of conservation as an economic development strategy and the challenges to environmental governance in the 21st century. [source]

Spaces of Work and Everyday Life: Labour Geographies and the Agency of Unorganised Temporary Migrant Workers

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2009
Ben Rogaly
In this study, I focus on the agency of unorganised temporary migrant workers , people who travel away to work for just a few weeks or months. Such workers have been relatively neglected in labour geography. Perhaps surprisingly, given the focus on the agency of capital in much of his writing, I build on two arguments made by David Harvey. First, workers' spatial mobility is complex and may involve short as well as longer term migrations, and secondly that this can have significance both materially and in relation to the subjective experience of employment. The spatial embeddedness of temporary migrant workers' everyday lives can be a resource for shaping landscapes (and ordinary histories) of capitalism, even though any changes may be short-lived and take place at the micro-scale. The article is illustrated with case study material from research with workers in the agriculture sector in India and the UK, and concludes with more general implications for labour geographers engaged with other sectors and places. [source]

Automobility and the Geographies of the Car

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2009
Peter Merriman
The motor car or automobile has had a profound impact on global mobility, settlement patterns, the global economy, and the environment. Transport policy-makers and environmentalists highlight the unsustainable nature of contemporary petrol-car usage, yet despite widespread calls to rethink contemporary automobility and move towards more sustainable forms of public and private travel, it is only in recent years that social scientists have started to examine the social and cultural geography of the motor car, driving and the spaces of the street, road and motorway in any depth. In this article, I outline some of the research which has been undertaken on the geographies and sociologies of the spaces and practices of driving, focusing in particular on the UK. First, the article outlines the major impact the motor car has had on the geographies of road space. It examines how motor roads have shaped our experience of space and place, and outlines studies of their design, inhabitation, and regulation. Second, this article discusses embodied inhabitations of the spaces of the car: how motor cars have been consumed; how they have shaped our embodied apprehensions of our surroundings; and how they facilitate social and cultural relations. Finally, this article concludes by examining the innovative methods which are increasingly being utilised and developed by social scientists to explore the socialities of automotive spaces. [source]

Brand and Branding Geographies

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2009
Andy Pike
Brands and branding can sometimes seem pervasive. Yet, the geographies of brands and branding have been relatively neglected and under-researched, especially in economic geography. The focus here is the historically longstanding and well-established brands and branding of goods and services. Drawing on empirical examples to ground its claims, the argument seeks to establish the entangled geographies of branded objects and branding processes, advocates reading their socio-spatial histories, explains their uneven geographies and relationships to uneven development and explores their potential and pitfalls for territorial development locally and regionally. The conclusion is that brands and branding geographies have the potential to stimulate a novel approach to addressing spatial questions at the intersections of economic, social, cultural, political and ecological geographies that can transcend the more ,traditional' and longstanding foci of firms and industries for ,new economic geographies'. Ideas to contribute to future research on brand and branding geographies are then sketched out. [source]

Urban Festivals: Geographies of Hype, Helplessness and Hope

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2008
Gordon Waitt
Let's hold a festival! This article explores why hosting festivals has been widely prescribed as a panacea for the contemporary social and economic ills of cities. In this article, this is contextualised in relationship to the urban politics of neoliberalism, and the demise of many urban centres through global shifts in economic production. Boosting of city images through the hype of public,private partnerships re-imagines urban centres as world showcases , places that are vibrant, dynamic, affluent, healthy, tolerant, cosmopolitan and sexy. Focusing on two thematic areas , geographies of helplessness and geographies of hope , this article then investigates how both strands qualify the geographies of hype by revealing how contemporary urban festival spaces, while liberating certain social groups, also constrain, disadvantage and oppress. [source]

Media Geographies: Uncovering the Spatial Politics of Images

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2007
Clayton Rosati
Geographers are increasingly interested in the study of media. This article thinks through media geographies via a review of the recent literature on media, space, and place. In doing so, it suggests that geographers are situated in a particularly useful place to think about the spatial politics of media and images. But, in order to do so, they must wrestle with some unaddressed issues regarding those politics, particularly regarding the struggles over social power through media and images. It is argued that geographers' most important contributions to these questions will come from a focus on the spatial processes, terrain, and built environment of these struggles, not just on the images themselves. [source]

Revolting Geographies: Urban Unrest in France

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2007
Mustafa Dikeç
This article provides an account of urban unrest in France, with particular emphasis on the revolts of 2005 in the banlieues. It looks at some of the reasons behind the revolts, including social disadvantage, discrimination, repression, and the tensions arising from France's alleged universalism, colonial history and post-colonial present. Then, by putting the 2005 revolts in context and comparing them to previous incidents, it points to their distinctive geographical dimension. This geographical focus shows that there is a constantly expanding geography of revolts, that this geography overlaps with geographies of inequalities, discrimination and repression, and suggests that there is a logic of resistance behind the revolts. [source]

Caribbean Children's Geographies: A Case Study of Jamaica

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2007
Therese Ferguson
Understanding children's lives within the various spaces, places, and environments they inhabit is critical to making their worlds safer, facilitating their participatory roles in society, and implementing policies relevant to their realities. While the children's geographies scholarship is rapidly growing, much of the research is still centred on children in the ,West', with less focus on those in developing countries. Within the Third World, the Caribbean itself is slightly marginalised. This article uses the island-nation of Jamaica as a case study within the Caribbean region, examining some of the areas of interest in research on children's environments, and reflecting upon progress made in the range of methodological and theoretical approaches brought to the research agenda. It suggests prospective directions for future research to further a critical approach to this expanding field, both within Jamaica and the wider region. It ends by briefly raising some ethical issues for consideration, arising from advancing a research agenda with children at its fore. [source]

Geographies of Housing Finance: The Mortgage Market in Milan, Italy

GROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2007
MANUEL B. AALBERS
ABSTRACT The geography of financial exclusion has mainly focused on exclusion from retail banking. Alternatively, and following the work of David Harvey, this paper presents a geography of access to and exclusion from home mortgage finance. The case of Milan shows that capital switching to the built environment is partly a sign of economic crisis and partly a sign of the intrinsic opportunities that the built environment provides. A major factor in both is the deregulation of the mortgage market that has enabled the loosening of historically stringent lending criteria, leading to a tremendous growth of the mortgage market, while leaving the co-evolution of family and home ownership intact. In addition, capital switches within sectors of the economy and between places. In Milan, once "unattractive" but currently gentrified nineteenth-century districts underwent cycles of devalorisation and revalorisation. Even though access to mortgages has increased throughout Milan, geographical disparities in mortgage lending persist: at present, yellowlining (differential access, based on less favourable terms) is common in parts of the Milanese periphery. The creation of boundaries makes the realisation of class-monopoly rent possible; while the subsequent redrawing of these boundaries creates new submarkets in which surplus value can be extracted. Based on the Milan case, one cannot explain the timing and geography of formation and reformation of submarkets in other cities, but it helps us to see how Harvey's abstract ideas of class-monopoly rent, submarket creation, and capital switching take place in the real world. [source]

Geographies of Care: Space, Place and the Voluntary Sector

HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY, Issue 5 2002
Mark Exworthy BSc PhD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Spaces of Work: Global Capitalism and Geographies of Labour , By Noel Castree, Neil Coe, Kevin Ward and Michael Samer

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2009
Tod D. RutherfordArticle first published online: 6 OCT 200
No abstract is available for this article. [source]