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Gallbladder Motility (gallbladder + motility)
Selected AbstractsBiliary symptoms, gallbladder motility, and cholecystectomy,HEPATOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Antonio Colecchia M.D. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Sonographic evaluation of gallbladder volume and ejection fraction in obese women without gallstonesJOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 7 2003Ramazan Sari MD Abstract Purpose Obese people have an increased incidence of gallstones. Although the exact pathogenic mechanisms of gallstone development are unknown, impaired gallbladder emptying has been suggested as a possible underlying mechanism. Our aim was to investigate this possibility by evaluating gallbladder motility and related factors in obese and nonobese women without gallstones. Methods This study included 79 obese women and 25 nonobese healthy women. Using real-time sonography, we evaluated fasting and postprandial (15th-, 30th-, 45th-, 60th-, 75th-, 90th-, 120th-, and 150th-minute) gallbladder volumes and ejection fractions. The smallest postprandial volume was considered the residual volume. Results Mean (± standard deviation) fasting and residual gallbladder volumes were 43.2 ± 18.3 cm3 and 21.4 ± 11.2 cm3, respectively, in the obese women and 28.1 ± 12.3 cm3 and 7.9 ± 3.4 cm3, respectively, in the nonobese women. Maximal ejection fraction was 49 ± 19% in obese women and 63 ± 29% in nonobese women (p = 0.001). The fasting and residual volumes and the postprandial volumes at all time points were higher in obese women than in nonobese women (p < 0.001). In addition, 15th-, 30th-, 45th-, 60th-, 75th-, and 90th-minute postprandial ejection fractions were lower in obese women than in nonobese women (p < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between fasting gallbladder volume and body mass index and body fat weight and between residual volume and body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and body fat weight (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions Our results show that fasting and postprandial gallbladder volumes are higher and that postprandial gallbladder motility is lower in obese than in nonobese women. There are positive correlations between fasting gallbladder volume and body weight, body mass index, and body fat weight. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31: 352,357, 2003 [source] Microinjection of glutamate into dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus excites gallbladder motility through NMDA receptor , nitric oxide , cGMP pathwayNEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY & MOTILITY, Issue 3 2004C. Y. Liu Abstract, We have reported that both glutamate and nitric oxide (NO) participated in the regulation of gallbladder motility in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). The aim of this study is to investigate the type of receptor in DMV that mediates the excitatory effect of glutamate on gallbladder motility and the correlation between the glutamate and NO. A frog bladder connected with a force transducer was inserted into the gallbladder to record the change of gallbladder pressure. Glutamate (65 mmol L,1, 100 nL) microinjected into DMV significantly increased the strength of gallbladder phasic contraction. This effect was abolished by ketamine (180 mmol L,1, 100 nL), the specific N -methyl- d -aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, but was not influenced by 6-cyaon-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-(1H,4H)-dione (CNQX) (180 mmol L,1, 100 nL), the non-NMDA ionotropic receptor antagonist. NG -nitro- l -arginine-emthyl (l -NAME) (1 mol L,1, 100 nL), the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, reversed the excitatory effect of glutamate on gallbladder motility. Microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the NO donor, into DMV enhanced the gallbladder motility, and this effect was not modulated by ketamine. Microinjection of NMDA (5 mmol L,1, 100 nL) increased the strength of gallbladder phasic contraction, and this effect was attenuated by methylene blue (100 mmol L,1, 100 nL), the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor. These results suggest that glutamate regulate the gallbladder motility through the NMDA receptor , NO , cGMP pathway in DMV. [source] | ||||||||||