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Gaseous Fuel (gaseous + fuel)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	33%

Selected Abstracts

The Future of Gaseous Fuels in Hong Kong

OPEC ENERGY REVIEW, Issue 1 2001
Larry Chuen-ho Chow
There are three types of gaseous fuel in Hong Kong. Natural gas, exclusively used for power generation and imported under a 20-year contract, accounted for 16 per cent of total primary energy requirements in 1998. Towngas, manufactured from naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas are the two other kinds, accounting for about 9.5 per cent of the final energy requirement in recent years. The first part of this paper analyses the competition between these two gaseous fuels since 1984, elucidating in detail how towngas came to dominate the gaseous fuel market. The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region would like to boost the use of natural gas in Hong Kong, on account of its environmental benefits and cost competitiveness. It is considering the possibility of using natural gas to replace the other two gaseous fuels and adopting the common carrier system, in order to spur competition in the gaseous fuel market. The second part of the study evaluates the feasibility of converting to natural gas and opening up the pipeline system, putting forth a rough schedule for the whole process. [source]

Is grass biomethane a sustainable transport biofuel?

BIOFUELS, BIOPRODUCTS AND BIOREFINING, Issue 3 2010
Nicholas E. Korres
Abstract Grassland is a beneficial landscape for numerous reasons including potential to sequester carbon in the soil. Cross compliance dictates that grassland should not be converted to arable land; this is particularly interesting in Ireland where 91% of agricultural land is under grass. Biogas generated from grass and further upgraded to biomethane has been shown to offer a better energy balance than first-generation liquid biofuels indigenous to Europe. The essential question is whether the gaseous biofuel meets the EU sustainability criteria of 60% greenhouse gas emission savings. The base-case scenario investigated included: utilization of electricity from the grid; over-sizing heated digestion tanks to hold digestate in the winter period; vehicular efficiency 82% of that of a diesel vehicle; and no allowance for carbon sequestration. The analysis of the base case showed a reduction in emissions of 21.5%. However by varying the system, using electricity from wind, improving digester configuration, and by using a vehicle optimized for gaseous fuel, a reduction of 54% was evaluated. Furthermore allowing for 0.6 t carbon sequestration per hectare per annum the reduction increased to 75%. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd [source]

Nickel- and Copper-Based Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 3 2009
A. Hoteit
Abstract Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a combustion process in which the different fuels can be burnt with inherent separation of CO2. A CLC system has two interconnected reactors named as fuel and air reactor. In the fuel reactor, metal oxides supply oxygen for the combustion of the gaseous fuel, and the metal oxides are regenerated (oxidized) with air in the air reactor. The feasibility of a CLC system greatly depends on the selection of appropriate metal oxides as oxygen carriers. In the present study, NiO/NiAl2O4 and Cu0.95Fe1.05AlO4 were tested experimentally in a fluidized-bed reactor as a function of number of oxidation-reduction cycles, temperature and effect of steam mixed with methane as a fuel. A 30-MWfuel CLC system was simulated for the combustion of biogas, syngas and methane on the basis of the experimental results. [source]

Numerical simulation of gaseous fuel injection: A new methodology for multi-dimensional modelling

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS, Issue 6 2010
Luca Andreassi
Abstract The use of natural gas (instead of liquid or solid fuels) is nowadays drawing an increasing interest in many applications (gas turbines, boilers, internal combustion engines), because of the greater attention to environmental issues. To facilitate the development of these applications, computer models are being developed to simulate gaseous injection, air entrainment and the ensuing combustion. This paper introduces a new method for modelling the injection process of gaseous fuels that aims to hold down grid requirements in order to allow the simulation also of other phenomena, like combustion or valve and piston motion, in reciprocating internal combustion engines. After a short overview of existing models, the transient jet model and the evaluation of inflow conditions are described in detail. Then a basic study of the grid effects on the jet evolution is presented. The model is updated and validated by comparing numerical results with available experimental data for two different operating conditions: a subsonic and a supersonic under-expanded case. The model demonstrates to be fast enough to be used in a multi-dimensional code and accurate enough to follow the real gas jet evolution. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]