			Home About us Contact

Fresh Eggs (fresh + egg)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	42%
Earth and Environmental Science	42%

Selected Abstracts

Fertilization efficiency of cryopreserved sperm from striped catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 3 2009
Samorn Kwantong
Abstract The fertilization efficiency of cryopreserved sperm was compared with fresh sperm from striped catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus. Of the two sets of experiments carried out, the first compared four sperm doses using fresh sperm and fresh eggs. The second experiment compared six concentrations of cryopreserved sperm ranging from 6.94 × 107 to 6.94 × 1010 to fertilize 100 eggs per batch. Fertilization, hatch and survival rates were compared between cryopreserved and fresh sperm. The highest fertilization rate (53.75±1.62%) was achieved with a sperm dose of 6.94 × 108. Increasing the sperm dose to 3.47 × 109 did not increase the fertilization rate, indicating that the optimum sperm:egg ratio lies between 6.94 × 106 and 3.47 × 107 sperm per egg. Both highest (6.94 × 1010) and the lowest (6.94 × 107) sperm doses resulted in lower fertilization rates (2.04% and 16.90% respectively). No significant differences were found among four fresh sperm doses compared. Mean hatch and survival rates resulting from fresh and cryopreserved sperm were similar. The experiment shows that while only 1.89 × 106 fresh spermatozoa was required to fertilize a fresh egg, 6.94 × 106 (or 3.67 times more) cryopreserved sperm was required to achieve the same level of fertilization. This provides important information for making decision to cryopreserve sperm for commercial and/or conservation purposes. [source]

Effect of oregano (O. majorana × O. vulgare) on performance and antioxidative capacity of quails fed a diet rich in ,3 fatty acids

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 3 2008
S. Handl
Summary Oregano possesses high antioxidant activity and could therefore be used to enhance oxidative stability of eggs high in ,3 fatty acids. In this study, 20 female quails were fed a diet containing 4% linseed oil. They were divided into two groups, one receiving oregano, and the other grass meal as control (2% respectively). Cholesterol oxidation products were analysed in fresh eggs, in stored eggs and in the livers. Trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity of plasma was measured. No significant differences were seen between the groups. [source]

Detection and survival of Campylobacter in chicken eggs

JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2003
O. Sahin
Abstract Aims:Campylobacter jejuni, a food-borne human pathogen, is widespread in poultry; however, the sources of infection and modes of transmission of this organism on chicken farms are not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine if vertical transmission of C. jejuni occurs via eggs. Methods and Results: Using a temperature differential method, it was shown that Campylobacter had limited ability to penetrate the eggshell. When C. jejuni was directly inoculated into the egg yolk and the eggs were stored at 18°C, the organism was able to survive for up to 14 days. However, viability of C. jejuni was dramatically shortened when injected into the albumen or the air sac. When freshly laid eggs from Campylobacter -inoculated specific pathogen-free (SPF) layers were tested, C. jejuni -contamination was detected in three of 65 pooled whole eggs (5,10 eggs in each pool) via culture and PCR. However, the organism was not detected from any of the 800 eggs (80 pools), collected from the same SPF flock, but kept at 18°C for 7 days before testing. Likewise, Campylobacter was not recovered from any of 500 fresh eggs obtained from commercial broiler-breeder flocks that were actively shedding Campylobacter in faeces. Also, none of the 1000 eggs from broiler breeders obtained from a commercial hatchery were positive for Campylobacter. Conclusions: These results suggest that vertical transmission of C. jejuni through the egg is probably a rare event and does not play a major role in the introduction of Campylobacter to chicken flocks. Significance and Impact of the Study: Control of Campylobacter transmission to chicken flocks should focus on sources of infection that are not related to eggs. [source]

How costly is clutch formation in the Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii?

JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2000
Xavier Ruiz
During the Audouin's Gull's breeding season at the Ebro Delta in 1993, 24 fresh eggs from eight three-egg clutches (modal clutch-size) were collected at the peak of the laying period. Eggs were processed to obtain formalin-fixed yolks, which were halved and stained using the potassium dichromate method. Digitized images of the yolks were examined to assess the daily rates of yolk deposition. We used these data in combination with egg compositional analysis to build a model of energy demands during the formation of an average clutch in Audouin's Gull. To show how the different parameters of clutch formation affect the daily energy investment peak, we performed a simulation analysis in which the rapid yolk development (RYD) period, the follicle triggering interval (FTI), the laying interval (LI) and the albumen synthesis period (ASP) were allowed to vary simultaneously. In our sample, the mean RYD period was seven days with a range from six to eight days. There were no significant differences in yolk volume among eggs in a clutch, but albumen volume was significantly smaller in third eggs. According to our model the albumen synthesis of the a-egg coincides with the energy demand peak for clutch formation. This peak represents an increase by ca. 42% in female energy requirements. Values obtained from the simulation analysis showed that only the ASP of the a-egg and the RYD durations of the second and third follicles produced noticeable reductions in peak energy investment. We predict that in gulls, whose laying intervals seem to be kept constant, significant increases of the durations of the RYD periods of second and third eggs, or even significant reductions of yolk size of these eggs, may operate simultaneously to match the energy demands during clutch formation to the prevailing food conditions. [source]

Cryopreservation of YamúBrycon siebenthalae Milt

JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY, Issue 4 2004
Pablo E. Cruz-Casallas
The yamúBrycon siebenthalae is an endemic fish of the Orinoco river basin, but wild stocks are decreasing because of the disruption of their habitat. We evaluated a protocol for the cryopreservation of yamú sperm to contribute to the preservation of this endangered genetic resource. Milt was mixed with a cryoprotectant medium (5.5% glucose, 12% egg yolk, and 5%, 10%, or 15% dimethyl sulfoxide - DMSO) in a ratio 1:4 (milt:medium), stored in 0.5-mL French straws, frozen in nitrogen liquid vapor (-76 C), then immersed and stored in liquid nitrogen for 10 d or 12 mo. Motility of thawed spermatozoa was higher (P < 0.001) in 10% DMSO medium than 5% DMSO or 15% DMSO mediums; but lower than the control (P < 0.001). With sperm cryopreserved, the highest level of fertilization was achieved with 10% DMSO (P < 0.001) after 10 d or 12 mo of cryopreservation. Fertilization of eggs inseminated with 6.4 × 109 spermatozoa per g of eggs was higher (P <0.05) than with 1.6 × 109 spermatozoa per g of eggs. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in fertilization between insemination doses of 3.2 × 109 and 6.4 × 109 spermatozoa per g of eggs. Cryopreservation of yamu milt can be performed successfully with a simple medium combined with 10% of DMSO as cryoprotectant. The highest level of fertility was achieved using between 3 × 109 and 6 × 109 spermatozoa per g of fresh eggs. [source]

Polymerizability, copolymerizability, and properties of cyanoacrylate-telechelic polyisobutylenes II: copolymerization of three-arm star cyanoacrylate- telechelic polyisobutylene with ethyl cyanoacrylate,

POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES, Issue 10 2007
Yongmoon Kwon
Abstract This research concerned the synthesis and characterization of novel conetworks containing polyisobutylene (PIB) and polyethyl-2-cyanoacrylate [poly(Et-CA)] sequences. The syntheses involved the copolymerization of CA-telechelic three-arm star PIB [Ø(PIB-CA)3] with ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Et-CA) mediated by nucleophiles or by living tissue (fresh eggs). The conetworks were characterized by swelling in hexanes, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and acetone, and the results indicate co-continuous PIB and poly(Et-CA) domains. The conetworks exhibit two Tgs indicating phase-separation between PIB and poly(Et-CA). The outstanding oxidative resistance of the conetworks was demonstrated by exposure to concentrated nitric acid. The tensile strengths, moduli, and elongations of a series of conetworks with different overall compositions were investigated and the findings interpreted in terms of covalently linked rubbery and glassy domains. AFM also suggests the presence of phase-separated rubbery and glassy domains. DMTA spectra of a Ø(PIB-CA)3 homonetwork, and Ø(PIB-CA)3/Et-CA conetworks were analyzed and interpreted in terms of coexisting rubbery and glassy domains. Observations made during the exposure of Ø(PIB-CA)3/Et-CA mixtures to proteinaceous tissue, in combination with characterization data, were used to propose a structural model for the conetworks. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]