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Frequent Intake (frequent + intake)
Selected AbstractsHigh body mass index and dietary pattern are associated with childhood asthmaPEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 12 2006Soo-Jong Hong MD Abstract The increasing prevalence of asthma has coincided with an increase of body mass index (BMI) in both children and adults. We investigated the relationship between BMI and the symptom prevalence of asthma and the possible influences of dietary pattern. This was a community-based, cross-sectional study of 24,260 school children aged 6,12 years. Prevalences of asthma and potential confounding factors were assessed using a Korean version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire which was completed by parents. We analyzed the relationship between BMI and symptoms of asthma and the possible influences of dietary pattern. A significant positive association between high BMI and previous 12-month prevalence of wheeze remained in boys (adjusted odds ratio, 1.610; 95% confidence interval, 1.274,2.033) but not in girls. In addition, there were significant associations between high BMI and lifetime prevalence of wheeze, previous 12-month wheeze, exercise-induced wheeze, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma. There were significant associations between high BMI and previous 12-month wheeze regardless of breast-milk feeding or whole-milk feeding. Frequent intake of fresh seafood, fresh fruits, and vegetables was associated with reduced prevalence of current asthma symptoms and was also associated with decreased BMI. These results indicate that BMI may be an independent risk factor for the development of asthma symptoms in boys. Intake of fresh seafood, fresh fruit, and vegetables, which may be associated with decreased BMI, may contribute to protect against the development of asthma symptoms in Korean elementary schoolchildren. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006; 41:1118,1124. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Decongestant use during pregnancy and its association with preterm deliveryBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 9 2010Rohini K. Hernandez Abstract BACKGROUND Despite the frequent intake of decongestants during pregnancy, only one study to date has evaluated the association of decongestants with preterm delivery, and it identified a reduced risk. We examined this association in more detail. METHODS Using a population-based random sample of 3271 Massachusetts live-born births without major malformations, we categorized decongestant exposure according to timing, frequency of use, route, and indication. Preterm birth was defined as a gestational age of <37 completed weeks. We estimated hazard ratios and examined confounding by indication by examining various strata of women and through multivariate adjustment. RESULTS Compared to nonexposed women, those who took decongestants during the second or third trimester only were less likely to experience preterm delivery (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21,0.84). This association was observed only for women without preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONS A protective association between decongestant use and preterm delivery has now been observed in two studies; however, the possibility of confounding by underlying condition remains. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Hepatitis B and C Viruses Infection, Lifestyle and Genetic Polymorphisms as Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Haimen, ChinaCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 12 2002Shun-Zhang Yu A case-control study was carried out to investigate the impact of factors including virus infection, aflatoxin B1, microcystins, smoking/drinking and dietary habits as well as genetic polymorphisms of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), on susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Haimen, China. A total of 248 patients with HCC and 248 sex-, age- and residence-matched population-based controls were recruited into the study. Virus infection, and ALDH2 and CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms were assessed in 134 paired cases and controls. By univariate analysis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (odds ratio [OR]=9.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] =4.71,20.2), history of intravenous injection (OR=1.50; 95%CI=1.02,2.22), average income (OR=0.63; 95% CI=0.43,0.92), frequent intake of foods rich in protein, e.g., egg (OR=0.6; 95% CI=0.42,0.87), chicken (OR=0.53; 95% CI=0.35,0.79), pork (OR=0.67; 95% CI=0.46,0.98) and fresh fish (OR=0.58; 95% CI=0.39,0.87) significantly differed between cases and controls. However, peanut intake (OR=0.66; 95% CI=0.43,1.01), source of drinking water, including tap (OR=1.33; 95% CI=0.81,2.20), deep well (OR=0.94; 95% CI=0.56,1.55), shallow well (OR=0.85; 95% CI=0.55-,1.30), river (OR=0.95; 95% CI=0.65,1.38), ditch (OR=1.09; 95% CI=0.76,1.55) and pond water (OR=1.0; 95% CI=0.14,7.10) were not significantly associated with risk. Univariate analysis also indicated that the 1,1 genotype of ALDH2 (OR=1.38; 95% CI=0.86,2.23) as well as the Pst1- and Rsa1-digested c1/c1 genotype of CYP2E1 (OR=1.36; 95% CI=0.81,2.28), was slightly more frequent in the case group. On multivariate analysis, HBV infection (OR=13.9; 95% CI=5.78,33.6) and history of intravenous injection (OR=2.72; 95% CI=1.24,6.00) were still associated with significantly increased risk of HCC, while frequent intake of fresh fish (OR=0.32; 95% CI=0.12,0.86) decreased this risk. These findings suggest that whereas peanut intake, water sources as well as genetic polymorphisms in ALDH2 and CYP2E1 do not significantly correlate with the risk of HCC, HBV infection is a main risk factor, and dietary items rich in protein, especially fresh fish, might protect against the risk of HCC in Haimen, China. [source] Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity among 963 Japanese Brazilians According to Sex, Age, Generation, and Lifestyle FactorsCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 11 2001Lucy S. Ito Seropositivity of anti,Helicobacter pylori antibody (HP+) was examined among Japanese Brazilians. The study was announced through 18 Japanese community culture associations in São Paulo, Curitiba, Mogi das Cruzes, and Mirandopolis in 2001. Among 969 participants, 963 individuals aged 33,69 years were analyzed. The overall HP+% was 48.1% (95% confidence interval, 44.9,51.3%). There was no difference in HP+% between 399 males and 564 females (49.6% and 47.0%, respectively). The HP+% increased with age; 35.3% for those aged 33,39 years, 46.2% for those aged 40,49 years, 46.5% for those aged 50,59 years, and 56.9% for those aged 60,69 years, but no differences were observed among the generations (Issei, Nisei, and Sansei) for each 10,year age group. Mogi das Cruzes, a rural area, showed a higher HP+%. Length of education was inversely associated with the positivity; the odds ratio (OR) relative to those with eight years or less of schooling was 0.61 (0.42,0.89) for those with 12 years or more. The associations with smoking and alcohol drinking were not significant. Fruit intake was associated with the HP+%; the OR relative to everyday intake was 1.38 (1.05,1.83) for less frequent intake, while intake frequencies of green tea, miso soup, and pickled vegetables (tsukemono) were not. Multivariate analysis including sex, 10,year age group, residence, education, and fruit intake showed that all factors except sex were significant. This is the largest study of HP infection among Japanese Brazilians, and the results indicated a similar pattern of age,specific infection rate to that for Japanese in Japan. [source] | ||||||||||