Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Food And Drink (food + and_drink)
Selected AbstractsFeeding the masses: plenty, want and the distribution of food and drink in historical perspective Editors' introductionECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 2008Steve Hindle First page of article [source] Barriers to Caregiver Compliance with Eating and Drinking Recommendations for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and DysphagiaJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 2 2006Darren D. Chadwick Background, There is scant research on the subject of dysphagia and people with intellectual disabilities. This study explores the barriers which caregivers believe make following Speech and Language Therapists' (SLTs) dysphagia management strategies more difficult. Method, Semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with 46 caregivers who supported 40 intellectually disabled adults with dysphagia. Results, Caregivers perceived particular difficulties in modifying food and drinks to safe consistencies, achieving the agreed positioning during mealtimes, and in using support and prompting strategies. Problematic support and prompting strategies included difficulties with pacing correctly; facilitating people to adequately relax and concentrate; observing and prompting people to pace suitably and take safe amounts of food and drink in each mouthful. Additional barriers identified included time pressures, staff turnover and insufficient reviewing of SLT management strategies by caregivers. Conclusions, Findings suggest that additional training and monitoring is required to ensure caregivers are aware of their role and responsibility in promoting safe oral intake for adults with dysphagia and intellectual disabilities. Ongoing support is suggested for people with intellectual disabilities and dysphagia to help them understand the reasoning behind management strategies. [source] Fat intake and food choices during weight reduction with diet, behavioural modification and a lipase inhibitorJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2000K. Franson Abstract. Franson K, Rössner S (The Swedish Association for People with Bowel and Stomach Diseases, Stockholm and Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden). Fat intake and food choices during weight reduction with diet, behavioural modification and a lipase inhibitor. J Intern Med 2000: 247: 607,614. Objective. To study the composition of fat intake and fat-rich meals consumed during a trial in which obese subjects were treated with a lipase-inhibitor or placebo, with emphasis on food choices and eating hours. Design. Patients were instructed to record all food and drink taken for four days prior to each dietician visit. The food diaries from all scheduled 15 treatment visits were analysed for nutritional content and composition and for temporal distribution. All meals containing 25 g of fat were defined as fat-rich. Subjects. Twenty-eight women and six men, mean age 45.2 ± 10.9 (SD) years with a mean body mass index of 37.3 ± 3.3 (SD) kg m,2 at the beginning of the study. Results. Fat intake, both as absolute weight and as energy % was generally higher in the placebo group but no significant trend over time could be seen. Fat rich meals were increased by 59% towards the end of the study. Most fat rich meals were eaten at lunch and dinner. Cooking fat, fatty sauces, meat dishes and cheese contributed to the major proportion of fat, both for placebo and drug treated subjects. No major changes were seen in food choice over time. Conclusion. A lipase inhibitor may affect the amount of fat ingested but does not seem to change major sources of fat. The typical fat-rich meal consumed by these subjects was a meat dish, consumed in the evening. [source] Content analysis of food advertising in Turkish televisionJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 7-8 2010Tulay Guran Aim: Television (TV) viewing has been implicated in children's weight gain. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive content analysis of TV food advertising in Turkey. Methods: TV advertisements (ads) in the four most popular national free to air Turkish TV channels, were assessed on two weekdays and two weekend days at four time periods of the day; 0800,1200,1200,1600,1600,2000 and 2000,2400 h for each TV channel (64 h assessed for each TV channel), making a total of 256 h. Each ad was analysed for food and drink content, duration and audiovisual properties. Results: There were 8853 TV ads and 2848 of these were related to food (32.1%). A majority of food ads included high-calorie, high-fat, high-sugar food and drink rather than core/healthy foods (81%). Chocolate and chocolate bars were the most frequently advertised food/drink product, followed by cakes, coffee, tea, candies, gum, fast food, chips, juices/carbonated beverages, margarine and ice-cream formed the highest rate of food products advertised in decreasing order. Thirty per cent of all obesogenic/unhealthy ads targeted childhood by using audiovisual techniques. The proportion of total advertisements which were for food or drink, and the proportion of food advertisements that were for unhealthy foods were both much higher at the weekend (33% vs. 30% and 84% vs. 78%, respectively). The time period between 1600 and 2000 h was the most concentrated time slot (33%) for food advertising. Conclusions: This study provides data for the first time on the high levels of obesogenic food advertising on Turkish TV. This should alarm policy-makers to set limits on food advertising targeted towards children especially in countries like Turkey in which childhood obesity is emerging as an important public health issue. [source] Techne, Technoscience, and the Circulation of Comestible Commodities: An IntroductionAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 4 2007DEBORAH HEATH Guest Editors In this "In Focus" introduction, we present the ways in which discourses of techne (craft or artisanship) and technoscience mediate the production, consumption, and circulation of food and drink. The authors in this "In Focus" examine food and drink as localized instances of large-scale spatial and temporal processes and as cultural-material markers of power/knowledge. Our work on the current controversies surrounding foie gras exemplifies how specialty commodities marketed as "artisanal" are simultaneously legitimated through technoscientific practices and invocations of tradition or nature. Claims to distinction based on tradition or "terroir" are also imbricated in global industrial production and distribution. [source] Australian Manufacturing Business: entrepreneurship or missed opportunities?AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 2 2001Diane Hutchinson In the light of criticism of the performance of Australian business, this article surveys the mounting array of firm and industry evidence to assess the performance of Australian mass production manufacturers. The focus is on lower technology sectors of food and drink, packaging, rural and consumer chemicals, and building materials because these are sectors where Australian firms faced fewer constraints. The article evaluates whether the large firms that emerged in these industries demonstrated entrepreneurship by responding to opportunities, developing their technical capabilities and learning how to manage their growing businesses effectively. [source] Vaccination against typhoid fever in travellers: a cost-effectiveness approachCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 8 2004V. Papadimitropoulos Abstract Analysis of data on the incidence of typhoid fever and the costs of vaccination of travellers to the developing world indicates that vaccination may not be cost-effective for travel to countries with a moderate-to-high endemicity. It may be reasonable to selectively vaccinate travellers to countries with a very high incidence of typhoid fever, and particularly those who are visiting relatives or who will be in close contact with the local population. Vaccination of travellers on standard tourist itineraries is probably not necessary. The basic preventative measure for typhoid fever should be the avoidance of potentially contaminated food and drink. [source] Use of intravenous steroids at induction of anaesthesia for adult tonsillectomy to reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting and pain: a double-blind randomized controlled trialCLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 1 2006S. McKean Objective:, To assess the effectiveness of intravenous steroids at induction of anaesthetic to reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting and pain after adult tonsillectomy. Design:, Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial, with ethical approval, following Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines. Setting:, District General Hospital in Scotland, UK. Participants:, Seventy-two adults between 16 and 70 years, American Association of Anaethetists (ASA) 1, listed for elective tonsillectomy. Intervention:, Single dose of either 10 mg of dexamethasone or 2 mL of saline after induction with a consistent anaesthetic technique. Main outcome measures:, Patients filled in a visual analogue scale relating to pain and post-operative nausea and vomiting for the day of operation and 7 days after operation. The time to first ingestion of food and drink after operation was also noted. Results:, Data completion rate of 64% (46 of 72 patients enrolled). Statistically significant relative decrease (62%P = 0.001) in the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting was seen in those treated with dexamethasone. Statistically significant relative decrease (23%P = 0.016) in post-operative pain scores for the day of operation was seen in those treated with dexamethasone. Significant decrease (17.5%, P < 0.001) in mean pain score for seven post-operative days was seen in those treated with dexamethasone. No adverse effects were seen. Conclusions:, Dexamethasone given as a single dose of 10 mg at induction of anaesthesia for adult tonsillectomy is an effective, safe and inexpensive method for reducing morbidity in adult tonsillectomy. [source] | |||||||||||||