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Fiscal Challenges (fiscal + challenge)
Selected AbstractsTHE FISCAL CHALLENGE OF COMPETITIVE MARKETSECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2005Fred Harrison Competition maximises consumer satisfaction but creates a financial problem for enterprises. When prices are competed down to just cover marginal costs, part of the value added by the enterprise is externalised. Government has not been efficient at recycling that value back into the economy, which is why infrastructure is severely underfunded. [source] A healthy diet consistent with Australian health recommendations is too expensive for welfare-dependent familiesAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 6 2009Christine Kettings Abstract Objective: Examine the cost of healthy food habits for welfare-dependent families in Australia. Method: A seven-day meal plan was developed, based on Australian public health recommendations, for two typical welfare-dependent families: a couple-family (two adults, two children) and a one-parent family (one adult, two children). The cost of the meal plan was calculated using market brand and generic brand grocery items, and total cost compared to income. Results: In Australia, the cost of healthy food habits uses about 40% of the disposable income of welfare-dependent families. Families earning an average income would spend only 20% of their disposable income to buy the same healthy food. Substituting generic brands for market brands reduced the weekly food cost by about 13%. This is one of few economic models to include generic brands. Conclusion: Compared with average-income Australian families, healthy food habits are a fiscal challenge to welfare-dependent families. Implications: These results provide a benchmark for economic and social policy analysis, and the influence disposable income has on prioritising healthy food habits. [source] Options for Sustaining School-Based Health CentersJOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, Issue 4 2004Susan M. Swider ABSTRACT: Several methods exist for financing and sustaining operations of school-based health centers (SBHCs). Promising sources of funds include private grants, federal grants, and slate funding. Recently, federal regulation changes mandated that federal funding specifically for SBHCs go only to SBHCs affiliated with a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). Becoming a FQHC allows a SBHC to bill Medicaid at a higher rate, be notified about federal grants, and access the federal drug-pricing program. However, FQHCs must bill for services, including a sliding-fee scale based on ability to pay; develop a governance board with a majority of consumer members; provide a set of designated primary care services; and serve all people regardless of ability to pay. Private grants impose fewer restrictions and usually provide start-up and demonstration funds for specific program needs. Such funds are generally time limited, so new programs need to be incorporated into the operational budget of the center. State funding proves relatively stable, but fiscal challenges in some states made these funds less available. Using a variety of funding sources will enable ongoing provision of health care to students. Overall, SBHCs should consider infrastructure development that allows a variety of funding options, including formalizing existing partnership commitments, engaging in a needs assessment and strategic planning process, developing the infrastructure for FQHC status, and implementing a billing system for client services. [source] Die Auswirkungen der demographischen Veränderungen auf die Budgetstrukturen der öffentlichen HaushaltePERSPEKTIVEN DER WIRTSCHAFTSPOLITIK, Issue 2 2007Helmut Seitz Special attention is given to differences between East and West Germany. Whereas East German state and local governments can expect significant savings from shrinking population size and from shifts in the age structure, subnational government budgets in the West are only slightly affected. Federal government spending will increase due to the rise in spending on the elderly. The results suggest that significant adjustments of public budgets at the expenditure side are necessary in order to cope with the fiscal challenges of demographic change. [source] Preventing Local Government Fiscal Crises: The North Carolina ApproachPUBLIC BUDGETING AND FINANCE, Issue 3 2007CHARLES K. COE Some local governments face fiscal challenges due to mismanagement and declining economies. In particular, manufacturing states like Michigan and Ohio have been hard hit by the effects of international competition. To prevent fiscal distress from becoming a crisis, states exercise oversight over local government fiscal management. The three bond rating agencies consider the North Carolina oversight system a model. This paper discusses the North Carolina oversight system, including audit review, technical assistance, debt issuance, and power to take over the financial operations of distressed local units. [source] Ethical Challenges in Practice-Based Mental Health Services Research: Examples From Research With Children and FamiliesCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE, Issue 2 2008Ann F. Garland Researchers have been encouraged to improve the practical relevance and utility of their work by conducting research based on "real-world" service settings and collaborating with other stakeholders, such as service providers and consumers. Practice-based research presents multiple ethical challenges, not well addressed in the literature. We discuss ethical challenges in three general categories, derived from our experience in practice-based research on child and family services: (a) multiple roles and potentially competing demands of research and clinical care, (b) multiple potential uses of research data, and (c) policy and fiscal challenges. Suggested directions for future work are also proposed. [source] | |||||||||||||