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First Detection (first + detection)
Selected AbstractsFirst detection of group C rotavirus in patients with gastroenteritis in SloveniaJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 9 2006Andrej Steyer Abstract Group C rotaviruses are associated with sporadic gastroenteritis and outbreaks of diarrhea in children and adults worldwide. Three cases with group C rotavirus infection are described, and the molecular characterization of the gene for the major capsid protein VP6 is reported. Patients described in this report were 10 years old or more and had mild to moderate clinical symptoms. A high nucleotide (>98%) and amino acid (100%) identity was observed among all three isolated Slovenian group C rotavirus strains. The similar identity is confirmed of Slovenian strains with other human group C rotavirus isolates, which were seen to cluster separately from the animal group C rotavirus isolates by a phylogenetic analysis. This is the first report of group C rotavirus detection in Slovenia. J. Med. Virol. 78:1250,1255, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] First detection of Hydrangea ringspot virus in mountain hydrangea in the Czech RepublicPLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2009J. Mertelik No abstract is available for this article. [source] First detection of channel catfish virus associated with mortality of cultured catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque) in MexicoAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 13 2007Jesús Genaro Sánchez-Martínez First page of article [source] Hepatitis E virus infection as a cause of graft hepatitis in liver transplant recipientsLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2010Sven Pischke Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection induces self-limiting liver disease in immunocompetent individuals. Cases of chronic hepatitis E have recently been identified in organ transplant recipients. We questioned if chronic hepatitis E plays a role in graft hepatitis after liver transplantation in a low endemic area. Two hundred twenty-six liver transplant recipients, 129 nontransplanted patients with chronic liver disease, and 108 healthy controls were tested for HEV antibodies. HEV RNA was investigated in all sera from transplanted patients. HEV antibodies were detected in 1 healthy control (1%), 4 patients with chronic liver disease (3%), and 10 liver transplant recipients (4%). Three liver transplant patients also tested positive for HEV RNA. Two of them developed persistent viremia with HEV genotype 3. The patients were anti-HEV immunoglobulin G,negative and HEV RNA,negative before transplantation and had an episode of acute hepatitis 5 or 7 months after transplantation, which led to advanced liver fibrosis after 22 months in 1 patient. Seroconversion to anti-HEV occurred not before 4 months after the first detection of HEV RNA. The possibility of reverse zoonotic transmission was experimentally confirmed by the infection of 5 pigs with a patient's serum. The pigs showed histological inflammation in the liver, and HEV RNA was detectable in different organs, including muscle. In conclusion, the prevalence of HEV infection in Central European liver transplant recipients is low; however, chronic hepatitis E may occur and needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of graft hepatitis. The diagnosis of HEV infection should be based on HEV RNA determination in immunosuppressed patients. We suggest that immunocompromised individuals should avoid eating uncooked meat and contact with possibly HEV-infected animals. Liver Transpl 16:74,82, 2010. © 2009 AASLD. [source] Detection and identification of Bartonella sp. in fleas from carnivorous mammals in Andalusia, SpainMEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 4 2009F. J. MÁRQUEZ Abstract. A total of 559 fleas representing four species (Pulex irritans, Ctenocephalides felis, Ctenocephalides canis and Spilopsyllus cuniculi) collected on carnivores (five Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus, six European wildcat Felis silvestris, 10 common genet Genetta genetta, three Eurasian badger Meles meles, 22 red fox Vulpes vulpes, 87 dogs and 23 cats) in Andalusia, southern Spain, were distributed in 156 pools of monospecific flea from each carnivore, and tested for Bartonella infection in an assay based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16 S,23 S rRNA intergenic spacer region. Twenty-one samples (13.5%) were positive and the sequence data showed the presence of four different Bartonella species. Bartonella henselae was detected in nine pools of Ctenocephalides felis from cats and dogs and in three pools of Ctenocephalides canis from cats; Bartonella clarridgeiae in Ctenocephalides felis from a cat, and Bartonella alsatica in Spilopsyllus cuniculi from a wildcat. DNA of Bartonella sp., closely related to Bartonella rochalimae, was found in seven pools of Pulex irritans from foxes. This is the first detection of B. alsatica and Bartonella sp. in the Iberian Peninsula. All of these Bartonella species have been implicated as agents of human diseases. The present survey confirms that carnivores are major reservoirs for Bartonella spp. [source] Analytical SuperSTEM for extraterrestrial materials researchMETEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, Issue 10 2009John P. Bradley The improved technical capabilities enable analyses previously not possible. Mineral structures can be directly imaged and analyzed with single-atomic-column resolution, liquids, and implanted gases can be detected, and UV-VIS optical properties can be measured. Detection limits for minor/trace elements in thin (<100 nm thick) specimens are improved such that quantitative measurements of some extend to the sub-500 ppm level. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) can be carried out with 0.10,0.20 eV energy resolution and atomic-scale spatial resolution such that variations in oxidation state from one atomic column to another can be detected. Petrographic mapping is extended down to the atomic scale using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) imaging. Technical capabilities and examples of the applications of SuperSTEM to extraterrestrial materials are presented, including the UV spectral properties and organic carbon K-edge fine structure of carbonaceous matter in interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), X-ray elemental maps showing the nanometer-scale distribution of carbon within GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfides), the first detection and quantification of trace Ti in GEMS using EDS, and detection of molecular H2O in vesicles and implanted H2 and He in irradiated mineral and glass grains. [source] Cometary glycine detected in samples returned by StardustMETEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, Issue 9 2009Jamie E. Elsila Here, we present the stable carbon isotopic ratios of glycine and ,-amino- n -caproic acid (EACA), the two most abundant amino acids identified in Stardust-returned foil samples measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The ,13C value for glycine of +29 ± 6, strongly suggests an extraterrestrial origin for glycine, while the ,13C value for EACA of ,25 ± 2, indicates terrestrial contamination by Nylon-6 during curation. This represents the first detection of a cometary amino acid. [source] A transient low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation from the black hole binary GRS 1915+105MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 3 2008P. Soleri ABSTRACT We present the results of the timing analysis of five Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the black hole candidate GRS 1915+105 between 1996 September and 1997 December. The aim was to investigate the possible presence of a type B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO). Since in other systems this QPO is found to appear during spectral transitions from hard to soft states, we analysed observations characterized by a fast and strong variability, in order to have a large number of transitions. In GRS 1915+105, transitions occur on very short time-scales (,s): to single them out we averaged power density spectra following the regular path covered by the source on a 3D hardness,hardness,intensity diagram. We identified both the type C and the type B QPOs: this is the first detection of a type B QPO in GRS 1915+105. As the spectral transitions have been associated to the emission and collimation of relativistic radio-jets, their presence in the prototypical Galactic jet source strengthens this connection. [source] X-ray synchrotron emission from the oblique shock in the jet of the powerful radio galaxy 3C 346MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 3 2005D. M. Worrall ABSTRACT We report the first detection, with Chandra, of X-ray emission from the jet of the powerful narrow-line radio galaxy 3C 346. X-rays are detected from the bright radio and optical knot at which the jet apparently bends by approximately 70°. The Chandra observation also reveals a bright galaxy-scale atmosphere within the previously known cluster and provides a good X-ray spectrum for the bright core of 3C 346. The X-ray emission from the knot is synchrotron radiation, as seen in lower-power sources. In common with these sources, there is evidence of morphological differences between the radio/optical and X-ray structures, and the spectrum is inconsistent with a one-component continuous-injection model. We suggest that the X-ray-bright knot is associated with a strong oblique shock in a moderately relativistic, light jet, at , 20° to the line of sight, and that this shock is caused by the jet interacting with the wake in the cluster medium behind the companion galaxy of 3C 346. The general jet curvature can result from pressure gradients in the cluster atmosphere. [source] Discovery of an unusual new radio source in the star-forming galaxy M82: faint supernova, supermassive black hole or an extragalactic microquasar?MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY: LETTERS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2010T. W. B. Muxlow ABSTRACT A faint new radio source has been detected in the nuclear region of the starburst galaxy M82 using Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network radio observations designed to monitor the flux density evolution of the recent bright supernova SN 2008iz. This new source was initially identified in observations made between 2009 May 1 and 5 but had not been present in observations made 1 week earlier, or in any previous observations of M82. In this Letter, we report the discovery of this new source and monitoring of its evolution over its first 9 months of existence. The true nature of this new source remains unclear, and we discuss whether this source is an unusual and faint supernova, a supermassive black hole associated with the nucleus of M82 or intriguingly the first detection of radio emission from an extragalactic microquasar. [source] High-significance Sunyaev,Zel'dovich measurement: Abell 1914 seen with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager,MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY: LETTERS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2006AMI Collaboration ABSTRACT We report the first detection of a Sunyaev,Zel'dovich (S,Z) decrement using the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI). We have made commissioning observations towards the cluster of galaxies A1914 and detected the S,Z effect with a significance of 17, in a uv -tapered map at a mean frequency of 15.75 GHz. The integrated S,Z flux density of ,8.6 ± 0.5 mJy is consistent with a simple X-ray derived model for the intracluster gas. We find that the spectrum of the decrement, measured in the six channels between 13.5,18 GHz, fits well to that expected for the S,Z effect. The sensitivity of the telescope is consistent with the figures used in our simulations of cluster surveys with AMI. [source] New photometry and astrometry of the isolated neutron star RX J0720.4,3125 using recent VLT/FORS observations,ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 3 2010T. Eisenbeiss Abstract Since the first optical detection of RX J0720.4,3125 various observations have been performed to determine astrometric and photometric data. We present the first detection of the isolated neutron star in the V Bessel filter to study the spectral energy distribution and derive a new astrometric position. At ESO Paranal we obtained very deep images with FORS 1 (three hours exposure time) of RX J0720.4,3125 in the V Bessel filter in January 2008. We derive the visual magnitude by standard star aperture photometry. Using sophisticated resampling software we correct the images for field distortions. Then we derive an updated position and proper motion value by comparing its position with FORS 1 observations of December 2000. We calculate a visual magnitude of V = 26.81 ± 0.09 mag, which is seven times in excess of what is expected from X-ray data, but consistent with the extant U, B, and R data. Over about a seven year epoch difference we measured a proper motion of , = 105.1 ± 7.4 mas yr,1 towards , = 296.951° ± 0.0063° (NW), consistent with previous data (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] The large scale magnetic field configuration in the Sombrero galaxy , persistence during galaxy evolution?ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 5-6 2006M. Krause Abstract Radio polarization observations at 4.86 and 8.35 GHz of the nearby edge-on galaxy M 104 revealed a large-scale magnetic field in this early-type spiral. This is to our knowledge the first detection of a regular magntic field in an Sa galaxy in the radio range. The magnetic field orientation in M 104 is predominantly parallel to the disk but has also vertical components at larger z-distances from the disk, i.e. a field configuration typical for normal edge-on spiral galaxies. Bolometer observations at 345 GHz data pertain to the cold dust content of the galaxy. Despite the optical appearance of the object with the huge dust lane, its dust content is smaller than that of more late-type spirals. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Precursors of Biological Cofactors from Ultraviolet Irradiation of Circumstellar/Interstellar Ice AnaloguesCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 17 2005Uwe J. Meierhenrich Priv.-Doz. Abstract Biological cofactors include functionalized derivatives of cyclic tetrapyrrole structures that incorporate different metal ions. They build up structural partnerships with proteins, which play a crucial role in biochemical reactions. Porphyrin, chlorin, bacteriochlorin, and corrin are the basic structures of cofactors (heme, chlorophyll, bacteriochlorophyll, siroheme, F 430, and vitamin B12). Laboratory and theoretical work suggest that the molecular building blocks of proteins (,-amino acids) and nucleic acids (carbohydrates, purines, and pyrimidines) were generated under prebiotic conditions. On the other hand, experimental data on the prebiotic chemistry of cofactors are rare. We propose to search directly for the pathways of the formation of cofactors in the laboratory. Herein we report on the detection of N-heterocycles and amines in the room-temperature residue obtained after photo- and thermal processing of an interstellar ice analogue under high vacuum at 12 K. Among them, hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine and its derivatives, together with monopyrrolic molecules, are precursors of porphinoid cofactors. Hexahydropyrimidine was also detected. This is the first detection of these compounds in experiments simulating circumstellar/interstellar conditions. Except for 2-aminopyrrole and 2,4-diaminofuran, which were only found in 13C-labeled experiments, all the reported species were detected in both 12C- and 13C-labeled experiments, excluding contamination. The molecules reported here might be present in circumstellar/interstellar grains and cometary dust and could be detected by the Stardust and Rosetta missions. [source] | |||||||||||||