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Fibroblast Migration (fibroblast + migration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor on Fibroblast Migration through Biomimetic Hydrogels

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 6 2003
Andrea S. Gobin
We have previously reported on the development and use of synthetic hydrogel extracellular matrix (ECM) analogues that can be used to study the mechanisms of migration. These biomimetic hydrogels consist of bioinert poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate derivatives with proteolytically degradable peptide sequences included in the backbone of the polymer and adhesion peptide sequences grafted into the network. Cells adhere to the hydrogel via interaction between the grafted adhesion ligands and receptors on the cell surface. The cells migrate through the three-dimensional system by secreting the appropriate proteolytic enzymes, which are involved in cell migration and are targeted to the peptide sequences incorporated in the backbone of the polymer. It was observed that cell migration has a biphasic dependence on adhesion ligand concentration, with optimal migration at intermediate ligand levels. In this study, we demonstrate that we can covalently attach epidermal growth factor (EGF) to PEG and graft them into the hydrogels. It was observed that EGF when tethered maintained mitogenic activity. It was also observed that fibroblast migration significantly increased in the presence of the grafted EGF through the collagenase-sensitive hydrogels. In addition, the increase in migration was found to be independent from the proliferative response of the cells. These synthetic ECM analogues allow one to systematically control identities and concentrations of biomolecules and are useful tools to study mechanisms of cell migration. [source]

The characterization and optimization of injectable silicone resin particles in conjunction with dermal fibroblasts and growth factors: An in vitro study

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH, Issue 1 2010
Robert M. Crews
Abstract Minimally invasive subdermal injection of liquid silicone has been used clinically to augment the soft tissue of the foot to mitigate high pressures that cause diabetic foot ulcers. However, implant migration has been a clinical issue. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of three specific concentrations of silicone resin particles (12 ,m average diameter) in conjunction with either platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on fibroblast cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, cell morphology, and migration through in vitro assays and a monolayer scratch wound model. PDGF and bFGF enhanced the proliferation of fibroblasts 5.7-fold and fivefold, respectively, while the addition of silicone particles had no significant effect on proliferation. Collagen production was increased approximately twofold with the addition of bFGF and the medium concentration of particles over bFGF without particles and the PDGF groups. The addition of silicone particles had no significant effect on collagen production compared with control groups without particles. Fibroblast migration was enhanced by the addition of both PDGF and bFGF compared to controls, although slower scratch wound closure rates were observed in the presence of particles compared to controls without particles. Cell morphology suggested that particles induced cellular aggregation encircling silicone particles postwounding as well as migration into the wound area. These results suggest that silicone particles in combination with a growth factor might enhance fibroblast aggregation and implant stability, and could promote connective tissue ingrowth and implant encapsulation in the soft tissue of the diabetic foot. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010 [source]

Nicotine inhibits human gingival fibroblast migration via modulation of Rac signalling pathways

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 12 2005
Yiyu Fang
Abstract Aim: Cigarette smoking is a risk factor in the development of periodontal diseases. In addition, a delayed healing process has been shown in smokers compared with non-smokers after periodontal treatment. Cell migration is a key process of wound healing and it is highly regulated by a variety of signalling pathways. The small G protein, Rac, is necessary for cell migration. Our aim was to determine if nicotine disrupted Rac and its downstream signalling proteins, p21-activated kinase 1/2 (PAK1/2), and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (extracellular regulated kinase 1/2). Material and Methods: Primary human fibroblasts from healthy gingival tissues were cultured and grown to confluence. Cells were serum starved for 24 h, and then treated with nicotine (0 or 0.5 ,M) prior to in vitro wounding. Cell migration was analysed in live cell assays following in vitro wounds. Rac activity, phosphorylation levels of PAK1/2, and p44/42 MAPK were assessed in cultures treated with or without nicotine after multiple wounds. Results: Nicotine decreased cell migration rates by 50% compared with controls. In addition, nicotine altered the activation patterns of Rac and PAK 1/2 and up-regulated p44/42 MAPK. Conclusion: Decreased cell migration in periodontal wounds exposed to nicotine may be mediated through the Rac and PAK1/2 signalling pathways. [source]

Prostaglandin E2 is activated by airway injury and regulates fibroblast cytoskeletal dynamics,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2009
Vlad C. Sandulache MD
Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis: To characterize the activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2/prostaglandin (PG) E2 signaling during airway mucosal repair and its subsequent role during the wound healing process. Study Design: Prospective animal study. Methods: The subglottis was approached via cricothyroidotomy. Sham airways were closed, and wounded airways were subjected to laser injury and closed. Subglottic tissue was harvested at 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours postinjury. Secretions were collected preoperatively and at time of sacrifice. Inflammatory gene expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Subglottic/tracheal explants were exposed to exogenous IL-1, in the presence or absence of COX inhibitors. Explant-produced PGE2 levels were assayed using enzyme linked immunoassays. Human airway fibroblast migration and collagen contraction were assayed in the presence or absence of prostaglandin E2. Results: Laser injury triggers a rapid, dose-dependent increase in mucosal IL-1, and COX-2 gene expression, with an anatomical distribution proportional to the distance from the site of injury. Gene upregulation correlates with dose-dependent increases in PGE2 mucosal secretion levels. Ex vivo analysis indicates IL-1, is responsible for the activation of the COX-2 / PGE2 pathway. Prostaglandin E2 differentially inhibits airway fibroblast migration and contraction in a specific, dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: PGE2 is activated during mucosal inflammation and acts to decrease fibroplastic activity in the mucosal wound bed. During subglottic stenosis (SGS) development, the levels of PGE2 generated in response to injury may be insufficient to blunt the intrinsically fibroplastic phenotype of SGS fibroblasts, resulting in excessive scarring. Laryngoscope, 2009 [source]

Effect of Electrolyzed Water on Wound Healing

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 12 2000
Naoki Yahagi
Abstract: Electrolyzed water accelerated the healing of full-thickness cutaneous wounds in rats, but only anode chamber water (acid pH or neutralized) was effective. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), also produced by electrolysis, was ineffective, suggesting that these types of electrolyzed water enhance wound healing by a mechanism unrelated to the well-known antibacterial action of HOCl. One possibility is that reactive oxygen species, shown to be electron spin resonance spectra present in anode chamber water, might trigger early wound healing through fibroblast migration and proliferation. [source]