			Home About us Contact

Fatty Acid Chains (fatty + acid_chain)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	75%

Selected Abstracts

Computer-assisted interpretation of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectra of triacylglycerols

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 23 2006
Josef Cva
Current lipidomics approaches require simple and rapid algorithms enabling the interpretation of mass spectra of lipids. Most lipids are complex mixtures of related components in which the composition of the aliphatic fatty acid chains varies from one molecule to the next. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are an example of such a lipid class. Fatty acid chains are the only parts of the molecule to change from one species to another. Fatty acids, and consequently also TAGs, can be characterized by two parameters; the number of carbon atoms and the number of double bonds. All calculations reflecting relations among ions in the spectra can be easily made using these parameters. An algorithm for the automated interpretation of TAGs from atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectra (TriglyAPCI) is presented in this paper. The algorithm first identifies diacylglycerol fragments and molecular adducts. In the next step, relations among the ions are searched and possible TAG structures are suggested. Individual features of the algorithm are described in detail and the software performance is demonstrated for the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (LC/MS) analysis of TAGs isolated from the termite Prorhinotermes canalifrons. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

The ester-bonded palmitoyl side chains of Pam3CysSerLys4 lipopeptide account for its powerful adjuvanticity to HLA class,I-restricted CD8+ T,lymphocytes

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 7 2003
Anca Reschner
Abstract Molecularly defined adjuvants are urgently required to implement immunization protocols by which CD8+ T,cells induction is envisaged. We show here that the synthetic lipopeptide Pam3CysSerLys4 (P3CSK4) strongly enhances the expansion of antigen-specific IFN-,+CD8+ cells in vitro. These effects critically depend on the presence of two ester-bonded palmitoylated side chains. In fact, T,cell expansion is impaired in the presence of derivatives bearing two non-palmitoylated fatty acid chains, while derivatives with only one amide-bonded palmitoylated residue are completely inactive and behave like the non-lipidated peptide backbone. P3CSK4 is not mitogenic for T,lymphocytes and can modulte DC immune biological properties. Indeed, doses as low as 100,ng/ml increase CD86, CD83 and CD40 surface expression on DC, fail to induce CCR7, and trigger a defined pattern of soluble factors associated to immune effector functions. In particular, substantial amounts of TNF-,, IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL10, in the absence of IFN-,, IFN-,, IL-15, IL-12p70 and CX3CL1, can be measured. Accordingly, antigen-specific CD8+ T,cells expanded in vitro express CCR2 and CXCR3 chemokine receptors. Altogether our data suggest that human DC are able to respond to chemically different synthetic lipopeptide analogs and that optimal adjuvanticity to CD8+ T,cell induction is achieved by the palmitoylated structures. [source]

Chemical Modification of Pigskin Gelatin: Factors Affecting the Esterification of Gelatin with Fatty Acid

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 9 2001
K.B. Djagny
ABSTRACT: This study investigated the esterification of pigskin gelatin with fatty acid catalyzed by acid in aqueous medium. Factors affecting the esterification reaction B temperature, pH, water content, fatty acid concentration, fatty acid type and reaction time- were elucidated in the view of optimizing the reaction. Under the same experimental conditions, increase in fatty acid concentration permitted the determination of the maximum amount of fatty acid that could be esterified per unit weight of gelatin and demonstrated that not all the hydroxyl functional groups present in the gelatin could be blocked by the fatty acid chains. [source]