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Fastness Properties (fastness + property)
Selected AbstractsPossibilities of polymer-aided dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes at neutral pHJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 3 2010B. J. Agarwal Abstract Water-soluble polymers have versatile application, viz., water-soluble polyacrylates have been widely used in the reactive dyeing of cellulosic fibers and the related soaping as an important component of the leveling and washing agent. In this article, one such water-soluble polymer, polyacrylic acid has been synthesized, characterized, and applied in conjunction with various types of reactive dyes, namely triazinyl, vinyl sulfone, high exhaustion, and bifunctional reactive dyes, along with crosslinking agents, namely glycerol 1,3-dichlorohydrin and hexamethylene tetramine-hydroquinone, respectively. One of the crosslinking agents (the former one) has been synthesized in the laboratory. Crosslinking agent is necessary to adhere the dye molecule onto the cellulose macromolecule. Different process sequences have been formulated and explored for dyeing purpose. All such dyeings were carried out at neutral pH. The dyed samples were assessed through color strength in terms of K/S values and their fastness properties were assessed by standard methods. All such dyeings were compared with conventional dyed samples. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] Synthesis and application of novel styryl dyes derived from 1,4-diethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methoxyquinoxalineJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2009Vijay Satam The novel 1,4-diethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-6-carboxaldehyde was synthesized, characterized, and condensed with suitably substituted active methylene compounds by classical Knoevenagel condensation reaction to obtain novel monostyryl dyes 8a-8e and a bis-styryl dye 8f. These novel styryl dyes have hue varying from orange to violet. The dyes were applied to polyester fibers. The spectral and thermal characteristics of the dyes and fastness properties of the dyed polyester fabric were investigated. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46, 221 (2009). [source] Dyeing and fastness properties of phthalimide-based alkali-clearable azo disperse dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate)COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Joonseok Koh The properties of a series of phthalimide-containing azo disperse dyes and azo dyes with N -methyl phthalimide moieties in their diazo component were investigated and compared when used to colour polyethylene terephthalate. The N -substitution of the phthalimide gave a hypsochromic effect on the colour change and better colour yields on poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics, probably because of the electron-donating property of the methyl group and the higher hydrophobicity of phthalimide-containing azo dyes compared with those containing phthalimide moieties. The results show that phthalimide-based azo disperse dyes have excellent dyeing fastness properties and that high wash fastness can be achieved using alkali clearance. This alternative clearance method is important for reducing the environmental impact of the dyeing process by replacing reductive clearing and, in particular, by removing the need for sodium hydrosulphite, which creates a high biological oxygen demand when released in conventional disperse dyeing effluent and which generates aromatic amines. [source] Structure,property relationships for azo disperse dyes on polyurethane fibreCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Hong-Fei Qian Using two series of monoazo disperse dyes, the relationships between the molecular structure of dye and its dyeing properties, such as adsorption behaviour, fastness properties and distribution on polyurethane,polyester blends, were thoroughly investigated. Correlation analysis of experiment data revealed that the partition coefficient between octanol and water (CLogP) is the main factor affecting dye sorption. A greater level of CLogP tends to have a greater isotherm coefficient and better rubbing and washing fastness on polyurethane fibre, as well as a greater distribution ratio between the components of the blend. The dye dipole moment is negatively correlated with various degrees of washing fastness. The dye with two terminal hydroxy groups exhibited notable sorption on the polyurethane component and has the largest partition ratio on polyurethane,polyester in the blend. Corresponding regression analysis equations were identified. [source] Dyes from the leaves of deciduous plants with a high tannin content for woolCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 5 2008A S M Raja The aqueous leaf extracts of five different deciduous plants, namely, silver oak, flame of the forest, tanner's senna, wattle and serviceberry, were used on their own and in combination with aluminium sulphate, stannous chloride and ferrous sulphate to dye wool by a simultaneous mordanting technique. The washing and light fastness properties of the developed shades were moderate to good. Based on the CIE 2000 spectral colour coordinate values (K/S, ,L, ,a, ,b and ,E), the developed shades were classified into four groups: yellow/brown, yellow, orange and dark grey. The use of aluminium sulphate gave medium shades (K/S = 8.24), while the stannous chloride and ferrous sulphate mordants provided deep shades (K/S = 30.5). Statistical analyses have shown that only the type of mordant and not the dye source significantly influenced the development of colour on wool. Hence, it was theoretically possible to use five selected leaves as a single mixture to produce four different colours on wool. [source] Effects of a cationic diblock copolymer derived from [2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride in the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyeCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Shin Young Han A cationic diblock copolymer (PEO45 -MeDMA) derived from [2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MeDMA) gave a positive charge to a cotton surface and provided strong attraction to an anionically charged reactive dye. PEO45 -MeDMA was used as the cotton pretreatment. The dyeability of cationised cotton fabrics using CI Reactive Blue 250 was found to be dependent on the PEO45 -MeDMA concentration. The colour strength and fastness properties of the dyed fabrics using the PEO45 -MeDMA copolymer and sodium sulphate were compared. The dyeability of the cotton fabrics pretreated with PEO45 -MeDMA indicated higher dye uptake than that of sodium sulphate. This suggests that the pretreatment of cotton by PEO45 -MeDMA diblock copolymer can be considered as an alternative to the use of the exhausting agent sodium sulphate. [source] Simultaneous afterclearing and decolorisation by ozonation after disperse dyeing of polyesterCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2007Hüseyin Aksel Eren A set of trials have been conducted to examine the efficiency of ozonation on afterclearing of disperse dyed poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres. Ozonation was performed in the cooled dyebath after the completion of the dyeing cycle. The ozone concentration used was 12.8 ± 0.3 mg/min at a gas flow rate of 400 ml/min. The results indicate that 3 min ozonation time is appropriate to achieve wash fastness results comparable to conventional reduction clearing. These results were obtained with simultaneous dyebath decolorisation ratios up to 67% and without significant colour yield (K/S value) losses of the dyed fabric. Ozonation periods exceeding 3 min caused significant colour yield (K/S value) losses, although dyebath decolorisation ratios increased up to 82% and wash fastness properties further improved. The chemical oxygen demand of the dyeing process decreased up to 62% by the ozonation afterclearing. The advantages of the ozonation afterclearing process are savings in terms of water, energy and time and reduction in environmental load. [source] One-bath dyeing of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cotton blends with alkali-clearable azo disperse dyes containing a fluorosulphonyl groupCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2004Joonseok Koh Monoazo disperse dyes containing a fluorosulphonyl group, based on 4-amino-4,-fluorosulphonylazobenzene derivatives, were dyed on poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cotton blends and their dyeing and fastness properties investigated. A one-bath dyeing method was used, as these dyes can be alkali cleared in the same bath. In particular, the cross-staining of cotton was studied in order to assess their suitability for the one-bath dyeing of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cotton blends. [source] Colour fastness properties of alkali-clearable azo disperse dyes containing a fluoro-sulphonyl groupCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 2 2004Joonseok Koh The colour fastness properties of alkali-clearable azo disperse dyes containing a fluorosulphonyl group have been investigated. In particular, the colour fastness properties of alkali-cleared poly(ethyleneterephthalate) were compared with those of conventional reduction-cleared poly(ethyleneterephthalate). Specifically, 4-aminoazobenzene dyes containing a nitro group in place of the fluorosulphonyl group in the 4,-position were synthesised in order to compare their fastness properties on poly(ethyleneterephthalate) with those of the 4,-fluorosulphonyl analogues. [source] Dispersant-free dyeing of polyester with temporarily solubilised azo disperse dyes from 1-substituted-2-hydroxypyrid-6-one derivativesCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2002J J Lee Four temporarily solubilised azo disperse dyes based on 1-substituted-2-hydroxypyrid-6-one were synthesised and characterised. The dyes showed high extinction coefficients and had a yellow shade on polyester fabric. They were successfully applied to polyester without the use of dispersants and the optimum pH was found to be 5. It was found that the dyes could be alkali-cleared due to ionisation of the dye under mild alkaline conditions. The dyes exhibited good to excellent fastness properties on the polyester fabric. [source] | ||||||||||