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Family Life Cycle (family + life_cycle)
Selected AbstractsChildren's Economic Roles in the Maya Family Life Cycle: Cain, Caldwell, and Chayanov RevisitedPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW, Issue 3 2002Ronald D. Lee This article examines the relationship between household demographic pressure and interage transfers for a group of Maya subsistence agriculturists in Yucatán, Mexico. The authors use data from a field study conducted in 1992,93 on individual time allocation, relative productivity by age and sex, and caloric costs of activities to estimate age schedules of average consumption and production. Using these, they investigate the net costs of children to their parents and find that children have a negative net asset value up to the time they leave home. The direction of net wealth flows in this group is downward, from older to younger, and in economic terms the internal rate of return to children is highly negative up to the time they leave home. Nonetheless, children play a critically important role in the family's economic life cycle. On average, girls offset 76 percent of their consumption costs before leaving home at age 19, and boys offset 82 percent before leaving home at 22. Without the contributions from children as a group, parents would have to double or triple their work effort during part of the family life cycle if they were to raise the same number of children. By the thirteenth year of the family life cycle, children as a group produce more than half of what they consume in every year, and after the twentieth year children produce more than 80 percent of what they as a group consume. The authors also find that the elderly in the sample, ages 50 to 65, produce more than they consume. Thus while children have a negative net asset value to parents, the timing of their children's economic contribution across the family life cycle plays a key role in underwriting the cost of large families. [source] Marital Satisfaction Among African Americans and Black Caribbeans: Findings From the National Survey of American Life,FAMILY RELATIONS, Issue 2 2008Chalandra M. Bryant Abstract: This study examines the correlates of marital satisfaction using data from a national probability sample of African Americans (N = 962) and Black Caribbeans (N = 560). Findings reveal differences between African Americans and Black Caribbeans, and men and women within those groups, in the predictors of marital satisfaction. Black Caribbean women reported overall higher levels of marital satisfaction than African American women. The findings amply demonstrate the significance of ethnic diversity within the Black population in the United States. Difficulties with finances (budgeting, credit issues, and debt management) are one of the key issues that generate conflict in marriages; stress generated as a result of financial problems can lower marital satisfaction. Because these issues are salient for couples at any given time in the family life cycle, counseling at critical points in the marriage (birth of children, launching of children from home, and retirement) may be helpful. [source] Predictors of Religiosity Among Youth Aged 17,22: A Longitudinal Study of the National Survey of ChildrenJOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION, Issue 4 2002Marjorie Lindner Gunnoe Predictors of youth religiosity were developed from eight domains: childhood training, religious schooling, cognitive ability, psychodynamic need, parenting style, role models, family life cycle, and background demographics. Data are from the National Survey of Children (NSC). Predictors were assessed when participants were 7,11 and 11,16 years of age. Religiosity was assessed when participants were 17,22 years (N = 1,046). After identifying the best predictors within a domain, an across-domain regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictors' relative contributions. The best predictors of youth religiosity were ethnicity and peers' church attendance during high school. Other predictors were, in order of decreasing magnitude: residence in the south, gender, religious schooling during childhood, maternal religiosity, church attendance during childhood, the importance mothers placed on childhood religious training, and an interaction variable identifying religious mothers who were very supportive. These analyses attest to the primacy of religious role models in the development of youth religiosity. [source] Theoretical Model for Conceptualizing Cross-Cultural Applications and Intervention Strategies for Parents of Children With DisabilitiesJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 4 2006Lorraine Wilgosh Abstract, Theoretical models should provide a framework to facilitate parents' developing effective life management strategies. This paper provides a brief overview of the research on parent effective life management and cross-cultural issues for families with a child who has disabilities. The authors note that the ability of image-making, meaning-making, and choice-making to facilitate outcome is clearly substantiated by research in the stress and coping literature. Using the parent transformational process model, the authors examined responses from 18 multicultural families to demonstrate how this model may go beyond description of relevant cross-cultural family variables in making sense of research findings and conceptualizing meaningful, and appropriate intervention strategies for families of children with disabilities. The authors conclude that rather than a linear process, it is quite likely that the critical questions that parents deal with at the diagnosis of their child reappear at other child and family markers, requiring a reworking of images and meanings and provision of a new range of choices. Professionals should be aware that parental adjustments to disability are not always linear, and thus use this awareness to not judge parents and to serve as catalysts for continued positive life management and transformation throughout the family life cycle. [source] Children's Economic Roles in the Maya Family Life Cycle: Cain, Caldwell, and Chayanov RevisitedPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW, Issue 3 2002Ronald D. Lee This article examines the relationship between household demographic pressure and interage transfers for a group of Maya subsistence agriculturists in Yucatán, Mexico. The authors use data from a field study conducted in 1992,93 on individual time allocation, relative productivity by age and sex, and caloric costs of activities to estimate age schedules of average consumption and production. Using these, they investigate the net costs of children to their parents and find that children have a negative net asset value up to the time they leave home. The direction of net wealth flows in this group is downward, from older to younger, and in economic terms the internal rate of return to children is highly negative up to the time they leave home. Nonetheless, children play a critically important role in the family's economic life cycle. On average, girls offset 76 percent of their consumption costs before leaving home at age 19, and boys offset 82 percent before leaving home at 22. Without the contributions from children as a group, parents would have to double or triple their work effort during part of the family life cycle if they were to raise the same number of children. By the thirteenth year of the family life cycle, children as a group produce more than half of what they consume in every year, and after the twentieth year children produce more than 80 percent of what they as a group consume. The authors also find that the elderly in the sample, ages 50 to 65, produce more than they consume. Thus while children have a negative net asset value to parents, the timing of their children's economic contribution across the family life cycle plays a key role in underwriting the cost of large families. [source] | ||||||||||