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Factor Identification (factor + identification)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Cue usage in financial statement fraud risk assessments: effects of technical knowledge and decision aid use

ACCOUNTING & FINANCE, Issue 1 2009
Jean-Lin Seow
M41; M49 Abstract This paper investigates the effects of technical knowledge and decision aid use on financial statement fraud risk assessments made by directors and students. More extreme fraud risk assessments are made when participants identify and process larger (smaller) numbers of diagnostic (non-diagnostic) factors, with technical knowledge driving diagnostic factor identification. Significant decision aid-technical knowledge effects are also found; decision aid use has a detrimental effect on high-knowledge directors while improving performance in inexperienced, low-knowledge students. These results suggest that although decision aids can afford gains in performance in inexperienced users, they can have unintended and/or paradoxical behavioural effects on experienced users. [source]

Unraveling the Genetic Component of Multifactorial Diseases: Dream or Reality

INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW, Issue 1 2000
F. Clerget-Darpoux
Summary The etiology of many human diseases is complex and very likely involves a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. A popular strategy to detect genetic risk factors is to perform a systematic screening of the genome searching for linkage. The power of such and approach depends very much on the unknown characteristics of the genetic factors and the main difficulty is to establish a good trade-off between false positives and false negatives. Besides, a precise localisation of the risk factor will generally not be obtained. The set up of a candidate gene stratery is necessary to go further in genetic factor identification. It is likely that for multicfactorioal diseases the only genetic risk factors that can be detected are those with fairly strong effect. Even in that case, it is important to design strategies which increase the power of detection and provide for a better evaluation of the associated risks. Résumé La majorité des maladies humaines ont une étiologic complexe et résultent, de I'interaction de facteurs génétiques, etd' environnment. Une stratégic, populaire pour détecter; des cacteurs de risque est la recherche systématique, de liaison sur le génome. La puissance d' une telle approch dépend essentiellement des caractéristiques, inconnues des facteurs génétiques, et la difficultéprincipale est d'établir un bon cornpromis entre faux positifs et faux négatifs. PPar ailleurs, elle ne permet généralement pas de locatiser de facon préciseles facteurs génétiques, impliqués. La misc en place d'une stratégic, de géne candidat est nécessaire pour avancer vers I; identificatin d' un facteur de risque génétique. IIest vraisemblable que pour les maladies multifactorielles, seuls les facteurs ayant un effet immportant pourront étre, détecté. Méme, dans ce cas, il est important de mettre enpalce des stratégies, qui donnent une pussance maximum de détection, et permettent d' évaluer au mieux les risques associés. [source]

Factors associated with delirium severity among older patients

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 5 2007
Philippe Voyer PhD
Aim., The goal of this study was to determine whether the factors associated with delirium varied according to the severity of the delirium experienced by the older patients. Background., Delirium among older patients is prevalent and leads to numerous detrimental effects. The negative consequences of delirium are worse among older adults with severe delirium compared with patients with mild delirium. There has been no study identifying those factors associated with delirium severity among long-term care older patients newly admitted to an acute care hospital. Design., This is a descriptive study. Methods., This is a secondary analysis study of institutionalized older patients newly admitted to an acute care hospital (n = 104). Upon admission, patients were screened for delirium with the Confusion Assessment Method and severity of delirium symptoms were determined by using the Delirium Index. Results., Of the 71 delirious older patients, 32 (45·1%) had moderate-severe delirium while 39 (54·9%) presented mild delirium. In univariate analyses, a significant positive relationship was observed between the level of prior cognitive impairment and the severity of delirium (p = 0·0058). Low mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores (p < 0·0001), the presence of severe illness at the time of hospitalization (p = 0·0016) and low functional autonomy (BI: p = 0·0017; instrumental activities of daily living: p = 0·0003) were significantly associated with moderate-severe delirium. Older patients suffering from mild delirium used significantly more drugs (p = 0·0056), notably narcotics (p = 0·0017), than those with moderate-severe delirium. Results from the stepwise regression indicated that MMSE score at admission and narcotic medication use are the factors most strongly associated with the severity of delirium symptoms. Conclusions., This present study indicates that factors associated with moderate-severe delirium are different from those associated with mild delirium. Given the result concerning the role of narcotics, future studies should evaluate the role of pain management in the context of delirium severity. Relevance to Clinical Practice., As moderate-severe delirium is associated with poorer outcomes than is mild delirium, early risk factor identification for moderate-severe delirium by nurses may prove to be of value in preventing further deterioration of those older patients afflicted with delirium. [source]

Patients at risk of onychomycosis , risk factor identification and active prevention

JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 2005
A Tosti
ABSTRACT Objectives, The aims of this workshop were to identify risk factors for onychomycosis and to reach consensus on the management of high-risk groups to allow the development of guidelines to help doctors recognize risk factors that complicate treatment. Results and Conclusions, Previous Trichophyton rubrum infection, older age, abnormal nail morphology, immunodeficiency and genetic factors were identified as risk factors for initial infections. Risk factors for recurrence (relapse and re-infection) are largely the same. The experts agreed that the prevention of onychomycosis and its recurrence should be based on the correct treatment of tinea pedis, screening family members and adequate patient education. In addition, generic management recommendations for each high-risk group were discussed: ,,Immunosuppressed patients ,,Usual dose and treatment length not appropriate ,,Follow-up required ,,Beware of drug interactions ,,Diabetics ,,Prophylactic foot care combined with nail treatment ,,Good opportunity for patient education, footwear, foot care, etc. ,,Beware of drug interactions ,,Psoriatics and patients with abnormal nails ,,Dermatophyte eradication does not restore normal nails ,,Children ,,High failure rate possibly due to compliance problems. [source]