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Face Perception (face + perception)
Selected AbstractsThe role of the mother's voice in developing mother's face preference: Evidence for intermodal perception at birthINFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2005F. Z. Sai Abstract Four experiments are described which investigated the role of the mother's voice in facilitating recognition of the mother's face at birth. Experiment 1 replicated our previous findings (Br. J. Dev. Psychol. 1989; 7: 3,15; The origins of human face perception by very young infants. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK, 1990) indicating a preference for the mother's face when a control for the mother's voice and odours was used only during the testing. A second experiment adopted the same procedures, but controlled for the mother's voice from birth through testing. The neonates were at no time exposed to their mother's voice. Under these conditions, no preference was found. Further, neonates showed only few head turns towards both the mother and the stranger during the testing. Experiment 3 looked at the number of head turns under conditions where the newborn infants were exposed to both the mother's voice and face from birth to 5 to 15 min prior to testing. Again, a strong preference for the mother's face was demonstrated. Such preference, however, vanished in Experiment 4, when neonates had no previous exposure to the mother's voice,face combination. The conclusion drawn is that a prior experience with both the mother's voice and face is necessary for the development of face recognition, and that intermodal perception is evident at birth. The neonates' ability to recognize the face of the mother is most likely to be rooted in prenatal learning of the mother's voice. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Mechanisms of face perception in humans: A magneto- and electro-encephalographic studyNEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Shoko Watanabe We have been studying the underlying mechanisms of face perception in humans using magneto- (MEG) and electro-encephalography (EEG) including (1) perception by viewing the static face, (2) differences in perception by viewing the eyes and whole face, (3) the face inversion effect, (4) the effect of gaze direction, (5) perception of eye motion, (6) perception of mouth motion, and (7) the interaction between auditory and visual stimuli related to the vowel sounds. In this review article, we mainly summarize our results obtained on 3, 5, and 6 above. With the presentation of both upright and inverted unfamiliar faces, the inferior temporal cortex (IT) centered on the fusiform gyrus, and the lateral temporal cortex (LT) near the superior temporal sulcus were activated simultaneously, but independently, between 140 and 200 ms post-stimulus. The right hemisphere IT and LT were both active in all subjects, and those in the left hemisphere in half of the subjects. Latencies with inverted faces relative to those with upright faces were longer in the right hemisphere, and shorter in the left hemisphere. Since the activated regions under upright and those under inverted face stimuli did not show a significant difference, we consider that differences in processing upright versus inverted faces are attributable to temporal processing differences rather than to processing of information by different brain regions. When viewing the motion of the mouth and eyes, a large clear MEG component, 1M (mean peak latency of approximately 160 ms), was elicited to both mouth and eye movement, and was generated mainly in the occipito-temporal border, at human MT/V5. The 1M to mouth movement and the 1M to eye movement showed no significant difference in amplitude or generator location. Therefore, our results indicate that human MT/V5 is active in the perception of both mouth and eye motion, and that the perception of movement of facial parts is probably processed similarly. [source] A perceptual discrimination investigation of the own-race effect and intergroup experienceAPPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2006Pamela M. Walker Research over the past two decades has demonstrated that individuals are better at the recognition and discrimination of own- versus other-race faces. Recent evidence, however, supports an own-race effect at the level of perceptual encoding in adults. The current study examines the perceptual basis of the own-race effect in secondary students from two racially segregated communities (White and South Asian). The contact hypothesis is investigated, as other-race experience may influence other-race face perception. Face stimuli were generated by morphing together South Asian and White faces along a linear continuum. In a same/different perceptual discrimination task participants judged whether face stimuli were physically identical to, or different from, the original faces. Results revealed a significant own-race effect for the White participants only, wherein they were better at discriminating White relative to South Asian faces. Other-race individuating experience was found to predict the own-race effect, indicating that other-race experience influences other-race face perceptual expertise. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Exploring the role of face processing in facial emotion recognition in schizophreniaACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 6 2009Paola Rocca Objective: Impairment in emotion perception represents a fundamental feature of schizophrenia with important consequences in social functioning. A fundamental unresolved issue is the relationship between emotion perception and face perception. The aim of the present study was to examine whether facial identity recognition (Identity Discrimination) is a factor predicting facial emotion recognition in the context of the other factors, known as contributing to emotion perception, such as cognitive functions and symptoms. Methods: We enrolled 58 stable schizophrenic out-patients and 47 healthy subjects. Facial identity recognition and emotion perception were assessed with the Comprehensive Affect Testing System. Different multiple regression models with backward elimination were performed in order to discover the relation of each significant variable with emotion perception. Results: In a regression including the six significant variables (age, positive symptomatology, Identity Discrimination, attentive functions, verbal memory-learning, executive functions) versus emotion processing, only attentive functions (standardised , = 0.264, p = 0.038) and Identity Discrimination (standardised , = 0.279, p = 0.029) reached a significant level. Two partial regressions were performed including five variables, one excluding attentive functions and the other excluding Identity Discrimination. When we excluded attentive functions, the only significant variable was Identity Discrimination (standardised , = 0.278, p = 0.032). When we excluded Identity Discrimination, both verbal memory-learning (standardised , = 0.261, p = 0.042) and executive functions (standardised , = 0.253, p = 0.048) were significant. Conclusions: Our results emphasised the role of face perception and attentional abilities on affect perception in schizophrenia. We additionally found a role of verbal memory-learning and executive functions on emotion perception. The relationship between those above-mentioned variables and emotion processing could have implications for cognitive rehabilitation. [source] | |||||||||||||