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Fam. Nov. (fam. + nov)
Selected AbstractsON THE IDENTITY OF KARLODINIUM VENEFICUM AND DESCRIPTION OF KARLODINIUM ARMIGER SP.JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2006AND PIGMENT COMPOSITION, BASED ON LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, NOV. (DINOPHYCEAE), NUCLEAR-ENCODED LSU RDNA An undescribed species of the dinoflagellate genus Karlodinium J. Larsen (viz. K. armiger sp. nov.) is described from Alfacs Bay (Spain), using light and electron microscopy, pigment composition, and partial large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequence. The new species differs from the type species of Karlodinium (K. micrum (Leadbeater et Dodge) J. Larsen) by lacking rows of amphiesmal plugs, a feature presently considered to be a characteristic of Karlodinium. In K. armiger, an outer membrane is underlain by a complex system of cisternae and vacuoles. The pigment profile of K. armiger revealed the presence of chlorophylls a and c, with fucoxanthin as the major carotenoid. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed K. armiger to be related to other species of Karlodinium; thus forming a monophyletic genus, which, in the LSU tree, occupies a sister group position to Takayama de Salas, Bolch, Botes et Hallegraeff. The culture used by Ballantine to describe Gymnodinium veneficum Ballantine (Plymouth 103) was examined by light and electron microscopy and by partial LSU rDNA. Ultrastructurally, it proved identical to K. micrum (cultures Plymouth 207 and K. Tangen KT-77D, the latter also known as K-0522), and in LSU sequence, differed in only 0.3% of 1438 bp. We consider the two taxa to belong to the same species. This necessitates a change of name for the most widely found species, K. micrum, to K. veneficum. The three genera Karlodinium, Takayama, and Karenia constitute a separate evolutionary lineage, for which the new family Kareniaceae fam. nov. is suggested. [source] New tools for resolving phylogenies: a systematic revision of the Convolutidae (Acoelomorpha, Acoela)JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH, Issue 2 2005M. D. Hooge Abstract Molecular sequence data, morphological characters of spermatozoa, and newly obtained morphological characters of penis musculature are used here to revise the systematics of the family Convolutidae (Acoela). Species having isodiametric penes with non-anastomosing longitudinal muscles are transferred to the family Isodiametridae fam. nov. Species with longitudinal penis muscle fibres that anastomose or cross-over each other remain in the Convolutidae. Some species of the genera Convoluta and Conaperta (Convolutidae) are transferred to the genus Isodiametra gen. nov. (Isodiametridae fam. nov.). The genus Stomatricha (Otocelididae) is transferred to the family Convolutidae. Convoluta opisthandropora (Convolutidae) is transferred to the genus Pseudohaplogonaria (Haploposthiidae). Aphanostoma sanguineum (Convolutidae) is transferred to the genus Pseudactinoposthia (Actinoposthiidae). Zusammenfassung Molekulare Sequenzdaten, Spermien-Morphologie und erstmals ermittelte morphologische Merkmale der Penismuskulatur werden herangezogen, um die Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse innerhalb der Familie Convolutidae (Acoela) neu zu beleuchten. Dabei werden Arten mit isodiametrischen Penes mit nicht anastomosierender Längsmuskulatur in die neue Familie Isodiametridae gestellt, während Arten mit longitudinalen Penis-Muskelfasern, die sich verbunden oder einanderüberkreuzen, innerhalb der Convolutidae belassen. Einige Arten der Gattungen Convoluta und Conaperta (Convolutidae) werden in die neue Gattung Isodiametra gen. nov. (Isodametridae fam. nov.) gestellt. Die Gattung Stomatricha (Otocelididae) wird in die Familie Convolutidae überführt. Convoluta opisthandropora (Convolutidae) wird in die Gattung Pseudohaplogonaria (Haploposthiidae) gestellt und Aphanostoma sanguineum (Convolutidae) in die Gattung Pseudactinoposthia (Actinoposthiidae). [source] On the taxonomical position of Lessardia Saldarriaga et Taylor within the family Podolampadaceae Lindemann (Dinophyceae)PHYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2004M. Consuelo Carbonell-Moore SUMMARY The position of the dinoflagellate Lessardia elongata Saldarriaga et Taylor within the family Podolampadaceae Lindemann (Dinophyceae) is reviewed. Most members of this family are very homogeneous with an overwhelming uniformity not only in plate pattern but also in appearance, distribution and nutrition. Lessar-dia's plate formula is: In contrast, other members of the family Podolampadaceae have this plate formula: The main differences in the plate pattern are found in the hypotheca. The presence of three antapical plates instead of just one antapical plate should place Lessardia in a different family than the Podolampadaceae. Other differences are discussed here in more detail and the creation of a new family, to contain Lessardia, Lessardiaceae Carbonell-Moore fam. nov., is proposed. [source] Weiwoboidae fam. nov. of ,Higher' Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) from the Eocene Deposits of Yunnan, ChinaACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 4 2010LIN Qibin Abstract: A new family of so-called ,higher' planthoppers, Weiwoboidae fam. nov., from the Lower Eocene of Yunnan is described. A new monotypic genus, Weiwoboa gen. nov., with Weiwoboa meridiana sp. nov. is also described and illustrated. The characters of tegmen venation of the new family, its evolution, and supposed relationships are briefly discussed. [source] Cockroach as the Earliest Eusocial AnimalACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 4 2010ANSKÝ, Peter VR Abstract: A completely preserved cockroach Sociala perlucida gen. et sp. nov. (Blattida: Socialidae fam. nov.) is described from the Mesozoic (Albian Early Cretaceous) amber of Archingeay in France. It is categorized within the new family Socialidae, originating from the Mesozoic cockroach family Liberiblattinidae, and representing the sister group to the most basal known eutermite families. Numerous direct and indirect morphological evidence (such as a unique narrow body and pronotum with reduced coloration, legs without carination and with numerous sensillar pitts (forelegs) as adaptations to life in nests analogical to the living termitophillous species; enlarged head, long palps for communication, a general venation modified in a direction towards termites (subcosta and radial vein [R] approximated, R branches approximated, simplified, cross-veins reduced), and possibly also the development of the breaking forewing sutura for detaching wings after marriage flight), suggest its eusocial mode of life. Thus, the first eusociality originated within cockroaches, prior to giving birth to termites; termites and Cryptocercus are not directly related. The group of eusocial cockroaches makes termite morphotaxon polyphyletic, but also in this case, the erection of a new order for mastotermites (including Cratomastotermitidae) and/or the inclusion of eusocial, morphological cockroaches within termites appears counterproductive, thus an example of such a general exception to the taxonomical procedure is provided. [source] Early Evolution of Apocrita (Insecta, Hymenoptera) as Indicated by New Findings in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Northeast ChinaACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 4 2010Alexandr P. RASNTTSYN Abstract: The classification and phylogeny of the basal Vespina (= Orussoidea + Apocrita) are reconsidered based primarily on rich and well preserved material from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou in Inner Mongolia, China. Comparatively smooth morphological transitions are traced from a Xiphydriidae-like ancestor toward Orussoidea via the Jurassic family Karatavitidae, and through Karatavitidae and the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae independently to Stephanidae, to Evanioidea, and, via the extinct Jurassic Kuafuidae fam. nov. to the remaining Apocrita. New hypothesis is proposed concerning development of the characteristic wasp-waist of Apocrita, which is supposed to appear independently and in different ways in Evanioidea and in the rest of Apocrita. As a result, six infraorders are proposed for the suborder Vespina with the following taxonomic structure: infraorder Orussomorpha including the only superfamily Orussoidea (Karatavitidae + Paroryssidae + Orussidae), infraorder Stephanomorpha with the only superfamily Stephanoidea (Ephialtitidae + Stephanidae), infraorder Evaniomorpha with the only superfamily Evanioidea of traditional composition, infraorder Ceraphronomorpha with the superfamilies Ceraphronoidea s. str. and monotypical Megalyroidea and Trigonaloidea, and the infraorders Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha, and Vespomorpha of traditional composition. The family Kuafuidae is unplaced to infraorder because it is putatively paraphyletic with respect to Ceraphronomorpha, Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha and Vespomorpha. Described as new are Karatavites junfengi sp. nov., Praeratavites wuhuaensis sp. nov., P. perspicuus sp. nov., Postxiphydria daohugouensis gen. et sp. nov., P. ningchengensis gen. et sp. nov., Postxiphydroides strenuus gen. et sp. nov., Praeratavitoides amabilis gen. et sp. nov., Proapocritus densipediculus sp. nov., P. sculptus sp. nov., P. longantennatus sp. nov., P. formosus sp. nov., P. atropus sp. nov., P. elegans sp. nov., Stephanogaster pristinus sp. nov., Asiephialtites lini sp. nov., Praeproapocritus vulgatus gen. et sp. nov., Sinaulacogastrinus solidus gen. et sp. nov., Sinevania speciosa gen. et sp. nov., Eonevania robusta gen. et sp. nov., Kuafua polyneura gen. et sp. nov. (all from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou), as well as Kuafuidae fam. nov. including Kuafua gen. nov. as well as Arthrogaster Rasnitsyn, 1975, and Leptogastrella Rasnitsyn, 1975 from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau in Kazakhstan. [source] First Late Triassic Record of a Paleoentomofauna from South America (Malargüe Basin, Mendoza Province, Argentina)ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 4 2010Carsten BRAUCKMANN Abstract: Late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic insects from Argentina have been previously described from the Bermejo and Cuyana Basins where they have been recovered from the Ischichuca-Los Rastros and Potrerillos-Cacheuta Formations, respectively. The insect fauna discussed herein was collected during field studies in 1986/1987 from the Llantenes section (Norian to Rhaetian? Late Triassic), which is situated in the Malargüe Basin in southern Mendoza province. The insect remains were found in the upper part of the Llantenes section (Llantenes Formation), which is built up of two coarsening-upwards cycles reflecting a deltaic progradation of a fluvial into a lacustrine environment (lower part), succeeded by repeated progradations into a floodplain-dominated environment (upper part; with finds of insects, conchostracans, fish remains, plant fragments, and drifted logs). The new finds represent the youngest Triassic insect records described from Argentina and even from South America in its entirety. There is only one contemporaneous fossil assemblage in Gondwana: in the Clarence/Moreton Basin (Aberdare Conglomerate; Late Norian) in Australia. The new Triassic insects include an impression of an isolated Mecopterida-like wing (Mendozachorista volkheimeri gen. et sp. nov.; Mendozachoristidae fam. nov.), coleopteran elytra of the Permosynidae (Ademosyne rosenfeldi sp. nov. and Ademosyne llantenesensis sp. nov.) and other isolated body fragments. This new Late Triassic entomofauna from Argentina is of considerable importance in the reconstruction of the biotic recovery of continental environments in Gondwana after the catastrophic mass extinction at the P/T boundary. [source] | ||||||||||