Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Fair
Kinds of Fair Terms modified by Fair Selected AbstractsSurvey of Theoretical Work for the Proposed HEDgeHOB Experimental Schemes: HIHEX and LAPLASCONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS, Issue 4-5 2007N. A. Tahir Abstract This paper presents a review of the theoretical work that has resulted in a scientific proposal on studies of High-Energy-Density (HED) states in matter using intense beams of energetic heavy ions that will be available at the future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR) at Darmstadt [W.F. Henning, Nucl. Inst. Meth B 24 (2003) 725-729]. The proposal is named HEDgeHOB that stands for High Energy Density Matter Generated by Heavy Ion Beams. Two experimental schemes have been worked out for the HEDgeHOB experimental proposal, namely, HIHEX and LAPLAS. The first scheme allows for studies of HED states by isochoric and uniform heating of matter by an intense heavy ion beam that is followed by isentropic expansion of the heated material. Numerical simulations have shown that using the beam parameters that will be available at the FAIR, one can access all the interesting physical states of HED matter including an expanded hot liquid state, twophase liquid-gas region, critical point parameters and strongly coupled plasmas for all the materials of interest. The second scheme involves a low-entropy compression of a test material like hydrogen that is enclosed in a cylindrical shell of a high-Z material like gold or lead. The target can be driven by a hollow or a circular beam. This compression scheme relies on multiple shock reflection between the hydrogen-gold (lead) boundary and the cylinder axis. The hydrodynamic stability of the LAPLAS target has also been analyzed that shows that the implosion is completely stable to Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities. LAPLAS implosion using a hollow beam is suitable for studying the problem of hydrogen metallization whereas the one employing a circular focal spot leads to physical conditions that are expected to exist in the interiors of the giant planets. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Measurement of deep gray matter perfusion using a segmented true,fast imaging with steady-state precession (True-FISP) arterial spin-labeling (ASL) method at 3TJOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, Issue 6 2009Elan J. Grossman MS Abstract Purpose To study the feasibility of using the MRI technique of segmented true,fast imaging with steady-state precession arterial spin-labeling (True-FISP ASL) for the noninvasive measurement and quantification of local perfusion in cerebral deep gray matter at 3T. Materials and Methods A flow-sensitive alternating inversion-recovery (FAIR) ASL perfusion preparation was used in which the echo-planar imaging (EPI) readout was replaced with a segmented True-FISP data acquisition strategy. The absolute perfusion for six selected regions of deep gray matter (left and right thalamus, putamen, and caudate) were calculated in 11 healthy human subjects (six male, five female; mean age = 35.5 years ± 9.9). Results Preliminary measurements of the average absolute perfusion values at the six selected regions of deep gray matter are in agreement with published values for mean absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) baselines acquired from healthy volunteers using positron emission tomography (PET). Conclusion Segmented True-FISP ASL is a practical and quantitative technique suitable to measure local tissue perfusion in cerebral deep gray matter at a high spatial resolution without the susceptibility artifacts commonly associated with EPI-based methods of ASL. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:1425,1431. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Quantitative lung perfusion mapping at 0.2 T using FAIR True-FISP MRIMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, Issue 5 2006Petros Martirosian Abstract Perfusion measurements in lung tissue using arterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques are hampered by strong microscopic field gradients induced by susceptibility differences between the alveolar air and the lung parenchyma. A true fast imaging with steady precession (True-FISP) sequence was adapted for applications in flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) lung perfusion imaging at 0.2 Tesla and 1.5 Tesla. Conditions of microscopic static field distribution were assessed in four healthy volunteers at both field strengths using multiecho gradient-echo sequences. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of the frequency distribution for 180,277 Hz at 1.5 Tesla were more than threefold higher compared to 39,109 Hz at 0.2 Tesla. The influence of microscopic field inhomogeneities on the True-FISP signal yield was simulated numerically. Conditions allowed for the development of a FAIR True-FISP sequence for lung perfusion measurement at 0.2 Tesla, whereas at 1.5 Tesla microscopic field inhomogeneities appeared too distinct. Perfusion measurements of lung tissue were performed on eight healthy volunteers and two patients at 0.2 Tesla using the optimized FAIR True-FISP sequence. The average perfusion rates in peripheral lung regions in transverse, sagittal, and coronal slices of the left/right lung were 418/400, 398/416, and 370/368 ml/100 g/min, respectively. This work suggests that FAIR True-FISP sequences can be considered appropriate for noninvasive lung perfusion examinations at low field strength. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Improved perfusion quantification in FAIR imaging by offset correctionMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, Issue 1 2001Karam Sidaros Abstract Perfusion quantification using pulsed arterial spin labeling has been shown to be sensitive to the RF pulse slice profiles. Therefore, in Flow-sensitive Alternating-Inversion Recovery (FAIR) imaging the slice selective (ss) inversion slab is usually three to four times thicker than the imaging slice. However, this reduces perfusion sensitivity due to the increased transit delay of the incoming blood with unperturbed spins. In the present article, the dependence of the magnetization on the RF pulse slice profiles is inspected both theoretically and experimentally. A perfusion quantification model is presented that allows the use of thinner ss inversion slabs by taking into account the offset of RF slice profiles between ss and nonselective inversion slabs. This model was tested in both phantom and human studies. Magn Reson Med 46:193,197, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Challenging the Gaze: The Subject of Attention and a 1915 Montessori Demonstration ClassroomEDUCATIONAL THEORY, Issue 3 2004Noah W. Sobe The child's attention, how this attention is reasoned about, and how attention works as a surface for pedagogical intervention are central to understanding modern schooling. This article examines "attention" as an object of knowledge related to the organization and management of individuals. I address what we might learn about attention by studying one specific Montessori classroom, the glass-walled public demonstration set up at the 1915 San Francisco World's Fair. The pedagogy of attention on display and the spectatorship of the classroom provide an opportunity to rethink how power and subjectivity play in the formation of human attractions. I argue that thinking through Montessori offers important and relevant suggestions for present-day examinations of attention. The 1915 demonstration classroom can help us theorize the relation of attention to normalizing and governmentalizing practices. This specific study of how attention operates in one locale has implications for tactile learning theories and for the analytics of power to be used in studies of attention. [source] Prosthetic Absence in Ben Jonson's Epicoene, The Alchemist, and Bartholmew FairENGLISH LITERARY RENAISSANCE, Issue 3 2007Mark Albert Johnston This essay interrogates the production of gender on the early modern English stage by considering what is at stake in the various (de)constructions of gender that occur in Ben Jonson's Jacobean city comedies Epicoene, or The Silent Woman, The Alchemist, and Bartholmew Fair. After analysing some contemporary medical constructions of hermaphrodism, the essay turns to the curious early modern preoccupation with transvestism and its implications about performances of masculinity and femininity. [source] White Queens at the Chicago World's Fair, 1893: New Womanhood in the Service of Class, Race, and NationGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2000T. J. Boisseau First page of article [source] Der Erzähler als ,Popmoderner Flaneur' in Christian Krachts Roman FaserlandGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 2 2002Anke S. Biendarra Faserland (1995) exemplifies a new phenomenon in contemporary German literature. It cleared the way for a younger generation of writers and their description of the formerly marginalised experiences of everyday life, whose narratives focus is on the communication between narrator and reader. Hitherto, discussion of this novel has largely concentrated on its connection with ,pop literature', whilst its literary qualities and conceivable links with (post)modern literature have been ignored. Walter Benjamin's typology of the flâneur is used to illuminate the novel's aesthetic strengths, its narrative voice and textual structure. In taking into account historical developments, the interpretation characterizes the narrator as a ,popmodern flâneur', whose gaze no longer falls upon the metropolis but upon a frayed microcosm of German society. It suggests that the narrative report is a fictitious and imagined journey, which reveals itself as the narrator's failed attempt to ascertain a concept of subjectivity. In a world that presents itself as a Vanity Fair, the narrator's language, which retreats to the empty style of a world of commodities, fails. The poetic project of mastering experiences through narrative is equally unsuccessful. [source] Fair and Just Culture, Team Behavior, and Leadership Engagement: The Tools to Achieve High ReliabilityHEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 4p2 2006Allan S. Frankel Background. Disparate health care provider attitudes about autonomy, teamwork, and administrative operations have added to the complexity of health care delivery and are a central factor in medicine's unacceptably high rate of errors. Other industries have improved their reliability by applying innovative concepts to interpersonal relationships and administrative hierarchical structures (Chandler 1962). In the last 10 years the science of patient safety has become more sophisticated, with practical concepts identified and tested to improve the safety and reliability of care. Objective. Three initiatives stand out as worthy regarding interpersonal relationships and the application of provider concerns to shape operational change: The development and implementation of Fair and Just Culture principles, the broad use of Teamwork Training and Communication, and tools like WalkRounds that promote the alignment of leadership and frontline provider perspectives through effective use of adverse event data and provider comments. Methods. Fair and Just Culture, Teamwork Training, and WalkRounds are described, and implementation examples provided. The argument is made that they must be systematically and consistently implemented in an integrated fashion. Conclusions. There are excellent examples of institutions applying Just Culture principles, Teamwork Training, and Leadership WalkRounds,but to date, they have not been comprehensively instituted in health care organizations in a cohesive and interdependent manner. To achieve reliability, organizations need to begin thinking about the relationship between these efforts and linking them conceptually. [source] A dynamic multicast routing satisfying multiple QoS constraintsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 5 2003Debasish Chakraborty In this paper we propose a QoS-based routing algorithm for dynamic multicasting. The complexity of the problem can be reduced to a simple shortest path problem by applying a Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) service discipline. Using a modified Bellman,Ford algorithm, the proposed routing builds a multicast tree, where a node is added to the existing multicast tree without re-routing and satisfying QoS constraints.,With user defined life-time of connection this heuristic algorthm builds multicast tree which is near optimum over the whole duration of session. Simulation results show that tree costs are nearly as good as other dynamic multicast routings that does not consider QoS. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Study of delay patterns of weighted voice traffic of end-to-end users on the VoIP networkINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 5 2002Jeong-Soo Han In this paper we study delay patterns of weighted voice traffic of end-to-end users on the Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network. We compare the delay performance of voice traffic which varies with queue management techniques such as First-In First-Out (FIFO) and Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) and voice codec algorithms such as G.723 and G.729 and select an optimal algorithm. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] True Blue and Black, Brown and Fair: prints of British sailors and their women during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic WarsJOURNAL FOR EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES, Issue 2 2000CINDY McCREERY First page of article [source] Pandemic influenza: human rights, ethics and duty to treatACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2010I. PAHLMAN The 2009 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic seems to be only moderately severe. In the future, a pandemic influenza with high lethality, such as the Spanish influenza in 1918,1919 or even worse, may emerge. In this kind of scenario, lethality rates ranging roughly from 2% to 30% have been proposed. Legal and ethical issues should be discussed before the incident. This article aims to highlight the legal, ethical and professional aspects that might be relevant to anaesthesiologists in the case of a high-lethality infectious disease such as a severe pandemic influenza. The epidemiology, the role of anaesthesiologists and possible threats to the profession and colleagueship within medical specialties relevant to anaesthesiologists are reviewed. During historical plague epidemics, some doctors have behaved like ,deserters'. However, during the Spanish influenza, physicians remained at their jobs, although many perished. In surveys, more than half of the health-care workers have reported their willingness to work in the case of severe pandemics. Physicians have the same human rights as all citizens: they have to be effectively protected against infectious disease. However, they have a duty to treat. Fair and responsible colleagueship among the diverse medical specialties should be promoted. Until disaster threatens humanity, volunteering to work during a pandemic might be the best way to ensure that physicians and other health-care workers stay at their workplace. Broad discussion in society is needed. [source] Effect of fluence on efficacy using the 1440 nm laser with CAP technology for the treatment of rhytids,LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 6 2008Jenifer R. Lloyd D.O. Abstract Background and Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fluence on the treatment of rhytids using a 1440 nm laser with CAPSM technology and the T350 tip. Study Design/Materials and Methods Twelve subjects with rhytids were enrolled in an IRB approved study. The AffirmÔ laser with CAP technology (Cynosure, Inc., Westford, MA) 1440 nm, 10 mm T350, 2 milliseconds, 1.5 Hz was used at fluences ranging from 3.0 to 5.5 J/cm2 in a split face study. At each treatment visit, fluences on the right side of the face were held constant at 3.0 J/cm2, while the left side of the face started at 3.0 J/cm2 and increased 0.5 J/cm2 with each treatment to a maximum of 5.5 J/cm2. Five treatments were given at 2-week intervals using the SmartCoolÔ (Cynosure, Inc.). Photographic comparisons at baseline and 3 months were used to compare fluence results as well as to evaluate for efficacy in the treatment of rhytids. The following standard scale was employed: Poor (0,25%), Fair (26,50%), Good (51,75%), and Excellent (76,100%). In addition, following the study, a few subjects received a series of laser pulses at increasing fluences on their buttocks to further evaluate the effect of fluence on tissue reaction. Results Comparing the right and left photographic results, no clinically observable differences were noted. Both sides received the same grade in all cases. Five subjects (42%) were noted to have Good results, three (25%) were given a rating of Fair, and four (33%) were given a Poor result with little or no improvement observed. The follow-up buttock fluence study demonstrated an effect threshold at 3.0 J/cm2. Conclusion The 1440 nm laser with CAP technology can provide overall improvement in patients with rhytids at moderate fluences. Increasing the fluence does not appear to increase efficacy. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:387,389, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Is there a managerial life cycle?MANAGERIAL AND DECISION ECONOMICS, Issue 7 2006Evidence from the NFL We use data from the NFL over 1920,2004 to examine the relationship between age and managerial performance controlling for other relevant influences. Our results indicate that age enhances performance up to a point at which increasing age predicts diminished performance,a managerial life cycle. Moreover, rates of change in the life cycle are relatively gradual, which is consistent with gradual changes in the marginal product of human capital and depreciation rates for human capital rather than levels that are fixed for long periods. With a lag of about 7,10 years, the effects are very similar to those found between age and athletic performance in previous studies by Fair. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Sorting Out "Fair Use" and "Likelihood of Confusion" in Trademark LawAMERICAN BUSINESS LAW JOURNAL, Issue 1 2006Stephanie M. Greene [source] Being Fair to Future People: The Non-Identity Problem in the Original PositionPHILOSOPHY AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2007JEFFREY REIMAN First page of article [source] Comparison of self-assessment of solvent exposure with measurement and professional assessment for female petrochemical workers in China,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2002Ye A. Hu DSc Abstract Objective The primary objective of this paper is to examine the validity of self-assessment of solvent exposure by comparing it with professional assessment and actual measurements. Methods Self-assessment of exposures to benzene, toluene, styrene, and xylene was obtained from 132 female workers. The exposures were also estimated by an occupational hygienist and by actual measurement. Self-assessment, professional assessment, and measurement were then compared with each other. Results Fair to good agreement was found between self-assessment, professional assessment, and measurement for benzene, styrene, and xylene. The agreement between self-assessment and measurement was poor for toluene, whereas the agreement between self-assessment and professional assessment was good. The latter was caused by a biased professional assessment. Conclusions Workers' self-assessment and professional assessment provided useful information for benzene, styrene, and xylene exposure, but not for toluene exposure. False agreement can be obtained when professional assessment was used as reference in validity study. Am. J. Ind. Med. 41:483,489, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization: On the Cross-Border Movement of PeoplePOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW, Issue 2 2004Article first published online: 4 APR 200 The globalization of the world economy can be measured in terms of increases in international trade, greater levels of foreign investment and technology transfers, and the liberalization of financial markets. Accompanying and facilitating these trends have been institutional innovations and reforms, creating regimes under which international economic relationships can be managed and disputes resolved. The role of the World Trade Organization is an evident case in point. The rising scale of international migration can also be seen as a globalizing trend. Here, however, with the exception of the special case of refugees, there is no governance regime in place or in prospect at the international level. Occasional past efforts by UN agencies to stimulate formal discussion of what such a regime might look like have led nowhere: countries are simply unwilling to contemplate any weakening of their sovereign right to control entry. Proposing how to fill this perceived lacuna in the international system is one of the tasks on the agenda of the Global Commission on International Migration. The Commission, an independent body set up in 2003 by a small group of UN member states, plans to present a report to the UN Secretary-General in mid-2005. In the meantime, the subject has been explored by another group,the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization. This commission was set up by the International Labour Office in 2002. It was co-chaired by Tarja Halonen, president of Finland, and Benjamin William Mkapa, president of Tanzania. Its 24 other members included economists (among them Deepak Nayyar, Hernando de Soto, and Joseph Stiglitz), politicians, and business and labor leaders, as well as a number of ex-officio ILO representatives. After several meetings and an extensive series of consultations held during 2002 and 2003, its report, A Fair Globalization: Creating Opportunities for All, was issued in February 2004. The report argues that the benefits of globalization must be more equitably distributed. To this end, the globalizing trends in the world economy should be matched by similar advances in social and political institutions. One of the features of the existing imbalance is that "goods and capital move much more freely across borders than people do." In addition to the many other recommendations the Commission has for what it terms the governance of globalization are proposals on the management of international migration. "Fair rules for trade and capital," the Commission argues, "need to be complemented by fair rules for the movement of people." The long-run objective should be "a multilateral framework for immigration laws and consular practices,,,that would govern cross-border movement of people," paralleling "the multilateral frameworks that already exist, or are currently under discussion, concerning the cross-border movement of goods, services, technology, investment and information." The Commission's thinking on migration is in some respects reminiscent of the views of the ILO's first director, Albert Thomas, in the days of the League of Nations. Writing in 1927, Thomas envisioned, if only as a distant ideal, "some sort of supreme supernational authority which would regulate the distribution of population on rational and impartial lines, by controlling and directing migration movements and deciding on the opening-up or closing of countries to particular streams of immigration." (See the Archives section of PDR 9, no. 4.) The excerpt below consists of §428,§446 of the report, a section titled The cross-border movement of people. [source] Love Me, Hurt Me, Heal Me,Isolde Healer and Isolde Lover in Gottfried's TristanTHE GERMAN QUARTERLY, Issue 1 2009Katja Altpeter-Jones This article examines representations of women as healers and lovers in Gottfried's von Strassburg Tristan. I argue that Gottfried's casting of women,Queen Isolde, Isolde the Fair, and Tristan's mother Blanscheflur,as healers emphasizes notions of gender disparities that lie at the core of medico-scientific and literary depictions of lovesickness. Gottfried, however, in contrast to other authors whose names are associated with the Tristan and Isolde story, creates two Isoldes out of one. By carving the character of Queen Isolde out of Isolde the Fair, Gottfried ingeniously separates the hurtful and healing Queen Isolde from the lover, Isolde the Fair. In doing so, he abandons the tension that is constitutive of the depictions of unfulfilled love in Minnesang poetry where women are both adored and dreaded, bring both intense joy and unbearable misery, and carry the key to greatest physical wellbeing as well as to death. He is able, in turn, to create the experience of love,though still painful,as something based on parity and correspondence. Gottfried's subtle rewriting of the roles of Isolde the Fair and Queen Isolde especially with regard to their capacities as healers is, I argue, a key element in his conception of a novel kind of male-female relationship, commonly referred to by scholars as Tristanminne. [source] Building a Century of Progress: The Architecture of Chicago's 1933,34 World's Fair by Lisa D. ShrenkTHE JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CULTURE, Issue 2 2008David M. Sokol No abstract is available for this article. [source] Perspectives on Health Among Adult Users of Illicit Stimulant Drugs in Rural OhioTHE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2006Harvey A. Siegal PhD ABSTRACT:,Context: Although the nonmedical use of stimulant drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine is increasingly common in many rural areas of the United States, little is known about the health beliefs of people who use these drugs. Purpose: This research describes illicit stimulant drug users' views on health and health-related concepts that may affect their utilization of health care services. Methods: A respondent-driven sampling plan was used to recruit 249 not-in-treatment, nonmedical stimulant drug users who were residing in 3 rural counties in west central Ohio. A structured questionnaire administered by trained interviewers was used to collect information on a range of topics, including current drug use, self-reported health status, perceived need for substance abuse treatment, and beliefs about health and health services. Findings: Participants reported using a wide variety of drugs nonmedically, some by injection. Alcohol and marijuana were the most commonly used drugs in the 30 days prior to the interview. Powder cocaine was used by 72.3% of the sample, crack by 68.3%, and methamphetamine by 29.7%. Fair or poor health status was reported by 41.3% of the participants. Only 20.9% of the sample felt they needed drug abuse treatment. Less than one third of the sample reported that they would feel comfortable talking to a physician about their drug use, and 65.1% said they preferred taking care of their problems without getting professional help. Conclusions: Stimulant drug users in rural Ohio are involved with a range of substances and hold health beliefs that may impede health services utilization. [source] LETTER TO THE EDITOR: The Other Side: Failure in Fair and Balanced ReportingTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2005Article first published online: 15 JUN 200 Editor's note: Sexual medicine is the medical discipline that embraces the study, diagnosis, and treatment of sexual health concerns of men and women. The Journal of Sexual Medicine is committed to a broad involvement in the field and as such publishes relevant communications. [source] Elements for Legislation in User Countries to Meet the Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing CommitmentTHE JOURNAL OF WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Issue 2 2006Morten Walløe Tvedt The third objective of the Convention on the Biological Diversity, the fair and equitable benifit sharing of the use of genetic resources, is lagging behind at the implementation phase. Very few countries have taken effective measures to promote sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. This article offers some suggestions as to why this is the case and poses a number of questions that need to be dealt with before such a system can be in place. It develops the concept of genetic resources and suggests that the focus need to be at the successful end uses of genetic material rather than at the point in time when genetic material is found in the nature. [source] Fair Labelling in Criminal LawTHE MODERN LAW REVIEW, Issue 2 2008James Chalmers ,Fair labelling' has become common currency in criminal law scholarship over recent decades, but the principle's scope and justification has never been analysed in detail. Basic questions remain unanswered, such as the intended audience for these labels and whether they assume the same importance in respect of both offences and defences. This article traces the intellectual history of the principle and examines its possible justifications in respect of offence labelling, noting that labelling is important in two distinct senses: that of description, and that of differentiation. It goes on to sketch out some considerations which are of importance in the principle's application, before concluding with a discussion of its applicability to defences. [source] Literacy, Knowledge Production, and Grassroots Civil Society: Constructing Critical Responses to Neoliberal DominanceANTHROPOLOGY & EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2009Erika MeinArticle first published online: 14 DEC 200 Within the context of neoliberal globalization, portrayals of "literacy" and "knowledge" are increasingly emphasized for their instrumental value for individuals and markets. At the same time, locally situated movements have emerged to challenge, resist, and transform these representations. This article examines a grassroots movement in Mexico, the Feria Pedagógica (Pedagogical Fair), as one such site of contestation. Grounded in nonmainstream notions of "civil society," this movement represents an alternative educational space where literacy practices are tied to the construction of counterhegemonic identities and epistemologies.[literacy, civil society, social movements, popular education, Mexico] [source] Can a Plantation be Fair?ANTHROPOLOGY OF WORK REVIEW, Issue 1 2008Paradoxes, Possibilities in Fair Trade Darjeeling Tea Certification Abstract This paper explores interactions between the Indian government's colonially inspired Plantations Labour Act and TransFair USA's fair trade standards. Although fair trade makes claims to universalistic notions of social justice and workers' empowerment, what "fairness" means and how it is experienced varies by locale. In this paper, I discuss how state laws and fair trade certification agencies complement and contradict each other on Darjeeling tea plantations. I argue that by reinforcing neoliberal logic, fair trade undermines the state, which has maintained the responsibility of regulating the treatment of workers on plantations. Certification often leads to the dissolution of unions, which are regarded as a barrier to trade. [source] ,Fair Value' for Financial Instruments: How Erasing Theory is Leading to Unworkable Global Accounting Standards for Performance ReportingAUSTRALIAN ACCOUNTING REVIEW, Issue 21 2000JOANNE HORTON The LASC is pursuing proposals for accounting for financial instruments that are conceptually flawed and unworkable in practice. "Fair value" has been elevated to a catch-all concept to resolve measurement issues objectively. Adoption of fair value, as cuwently interpreted by standard-setters (eg, by the FASB in Concepts Statement No. 7, issued in February 2000), threatens to drive out a long-understood, theory-based approach to the rationales for cuwent value accounting , founded on "deprival value" , that has recently been comprehensively restated in Accounting Theory Monograph 10, issued by the Australian Accounting Research Foundation in 1998, and reaffirmed in the UK Accounting Standards Board's Statement of Principles for Financial Repovting, issued in December 1999. [source] Photosynthesis is divine (to the tune of "Scarborough Fair"),BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION, Issue 1 2010Kevin Ahern No abstract is available for this article. [source] Cyclical Clusters in Global Circuits: Overlapping Spaces in Furniture Trade FairsECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2008Dominic Power abstract This article contributes to an understanding of temporary or event-based economic phenomena in economic and industrial geography by drawing on research conducted on the furniture and interior design industry. It argues that trade fairs should be seen not simply as temporary industry gatherings, but as central, though temporary, spaces for knowledge and market processes that symbolize microcosms of the industry they represent and function as effective marketplaces. It suggests that these temporary events should be viewed not as isolated from one another, but as arranged together in an almost continual global circuit. In this sense, trade fairs are less temporary clusters than they are cyclical clusters; they are complexes of overlapping spaces that are scheduled and arranged in such a way that spaces can be reproduced, reenacted, and renewed over time. Although actual fairs are short-lived events, their presence in the business cycle has lasting consequences for the organization of markets and industries and for the firms of which they are comprised. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||