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F Group (f + group)
Selected AbstractsEffects of extra-fine inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol on both large and small airways in asthmaALLERGY, Issue 7 2010N. Scichilone To cite this article: Scichilone N, Battaglia S, Sorino C, Paglino G, Martino L, Paterṇ A, Santagata R, Spatafora M, Nicolini G, Bellia V. Effects of extra-fine inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol on both large and small airways in asthma. Allergy 2010; 65: 897,902. Abstract Background:, Airway inflammation in asthma involves both large and small airways, and the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) is the mainstay of therapy. Available inhaled combinations differ in terms of drug delivery to the lung and the ability to reach small airways. Aim:, To evaluate whether treatment with an extra-fine inhaled combination provides additional effects vs a nonextra-fine combination on airway function. Methods:, After a 1- to 4-week run-in period, patients with asthma were randomized to a double blind, double dummy, 12-week treatment with either extra-fine beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/F) 400/24 ,g daily or fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/S) 500/100 ,g daily. Methacholine (Mch) bronchoprovocation challenge and single breath nitrogen (sbN2) test were performed. Results:, Thirty patients with asthma (15 men), mean age 43, mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) 71.4% of predicted, were included. A significant increase (P < 0.01) versus baseline was observed in predose FEV1 in both BDP/F and FP/S groups (0.37 ± 0.13 l and 0.36 ± 0.12 l, respectively). PD20FEV1 Mch improved significantly from 90.42 (±30.08) ,g to 432.41 (±122.71) ,g in the BDP/F group (P = 0.01) but not in the FP/S group. A trend toward improvement vs baseline was observed for BDP/F in closing capacity (CC), whereas no differences were recorded in other sbN2 test parameters. Conclusion:, The findings of this pilot study suggest that an extra-fine inhaled combination for the treatment of asthma has beneficial effects on both large and small airways function as expressed by Mch and sbN2 tests. [source] Comparison of intrathecal magnesium, fentanyl, or placebo combined with bupivacaine 0.5% for parturients undergoing elective cesarean deliveryACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2009H. UNLUGENC Background: Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of magnesium has been reported to potentiate opioid antinociception in rats and humans. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, study, we investigated the sensory, motor, and analgesic block characteristics of i.t. magnesium 50 mg compared with fentanyl 25 ,g and saline when added to 0.5% bupivacaine (10 mg). Methods: Ninety ASA I or II adult patients undergoing cesarean section were randomly allocated to receive 1.0 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride in group S, 50 mg of magnesium sulfate (1.0 ml) 5% in group M, or 25 ,g of fentanyl (1.0 ml) in group F following 10 mg of bupivacaine 0.5% i.t. We recorded the following: onset and duration of sensory and motor block, maximal sensory block height, the time to reach the maximal dermatomal level of sensory block, and the duration of spinal anesthesia. Results: Magnesium did not shorten the onset time of sensory and motor blockade or prolong the duration of spinal anesthesia. The duration of sensory (P<0.032) and motor (P<0.002) blockade was significantly shorter in M and S groups than in the F group. The time to reach the maximal dermatomal level of sensory block was significantly shorter in the F group than in the S and M groups (P<0.002). Conclusion: In patients undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia, the addition of magnesium sulfate (50 mg) i.t. to 10 mg of spinal bupivacaine (0.5%) did not shorten the onset time of sensory and motor blockade or prolong the duration of spinal anesthesia, as seen with fentanyl. [source] The performance of a novel ball-tipped Flush knife for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a case,control studyALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 7 2010T. Toyonaga Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 908,915 Summary Background, Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using short needle knives is safe and effective, but bleeding is a problem due to low haemostatic capability. Aim, To assess the performance of a novel ball-tipped needle knife (Flush knife-BT) for ESD with particular emphasis on haemostasis. Methods, A case,control study to compare the performance for ESD of 30 pairs of consecutive early gastrointestinal lesions (oesophagus: 12, stomach: 32, colorectum: 16) with standard Flush knife (F) vs. Flush knife-BT (BT). Primary outcome was efficacy of intraprocedure haemostasis. Secondary outcomes included procedure time, procedure speed (dividing procedure time into the area of resected specimen), en bloc resection rate and recurrence rate. Results, Median intraoperative bleeding points and bleeding points requiring haemostatic forceps were smaller in the BT group than in the F group (4 vs. 8, P < 0.0001, 0 vs. 3, P < 0.0001). There was no difference between groups for procedure time; however, procedure speed was shorter in the BT group (P = 0.0078). En bloc and en bloc R0 resection rates were 100%, with no perforation or post-operative bleeding. No recurrence was observed in either group at follow-up 1 year postprocedure. Conclusions, Ball-tipped Flush knife (Flush knife-BT) appears to improve haemostatic efficacy and dissection speed compared with standard Flush knife. [source] CONTINUOUS FLUOXETINE ADMINISTRATION PREVENTS RECURRENCE OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND PROLONGS SURVIVAL IN RATSCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 8 2009Shao-Ping Zhu SUMMARY 1The serotonin transporter (SERT) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients and animal models. Inhibitors of SERT have been reported to attenuate or reverse experimental PAH, which makes them potential therapeutic options for the treatment of PAH in humans. However, little is known about pathophysiological features after reversal or attenuation of PAH; moreover, the long-term therapeutic effects of SERT inhibitors on PAH remain undetermined. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the short- and long-term effects of fluoxetine on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH and associated pathophysiological changes in PAH models. 2Rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: (i) an M + F group, in which rats received a single injection of MCT (60 mg/kg, s.c.) and then after 3 weeks were given fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) once daily by gavage from Week 4 to Week 12; (ii) an M/F group, in which 3 weeks after a single MCT (60 mg/kg, s.c.) injection, rats were given fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) by daily gavage from Week 4 to Week 6 and were then given an equivalent volume of saline once daily by gavage from Week 7 to Week 12; (iii) an MCT group, in which 3 weeks after a single MCT (60 mg/kg, s.c.) injection rats were given an equivalent volume of saline by gavage from Week 4 to Week 12; and (iv) a saline group, in which rats received an equivalent volume of saline injection or gavage over the 12 week treatment period. Morphometric changes, pulmonary arterial pressure, percentage wall thickness, right ventricular hypertrophy index and SERT expression were detected at various times during the 12 week treatment period. Survival analysis was performed in each group. 3After 12 weeks treatment, it was found that even through fluoxetine treatment resulted in complete reversal of PAH, PAH recurred after fluoxetine withdrawal. In contrast, continuous administration of fluoxetine prevented the recurrence of PAH and prolonged survival. Analysis of SERT protein levels in rat lung indicated that, compared with values obtained at Week 0, SERT protein increased significantly after discontinuation of fluoxetine but continuous fluoxetine administration inhibited this increase. 4In conclusion, SERT overexpression correlates with the recurrence of PAH after withdrawal of fluoxetine in rats. Continuous fluoxetine administration prevents recurrence of PAH and prolongs survival. [source] | ||||||||||