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Extracted Data (extracted + data)
Selected AbstractsSurvival probability of zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses up to 5 yr: a systematic review of the literatureEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 5 2010Jaana-Sophia Schley Schley J-S, Heussen N, Reich S, Fischer J, Haselhuhn K, Wolfart S. Survival probability of zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses up to 5 yr: a systematic review of the literature. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 443,450. © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci The purpose of this systematic review was to calculate the 5-yr survival rates of all-ceramic zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and to analyze technical and biological complications. An electronic literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed) was conducted independently by three reviewers to identify clinical studies from 1999 to 2009 and was completed by a manual search. Keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria were well-defined. The search revealed 399 titles and led to the final analysis of 18 full-text articles. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data were statistically calculated into 5-yr survival rates and 5-yr complication-free rates by using Poisson regression analysis. In total, 310, 3- to 4-unit FDPs and 20 FDPs with more than 4 units were included. The estimated 5-yr survival rate for all FDPs was 94.29% (95% CI: 58.98,99.32); 19 FDPs were lost as a result of catastrophic failures. The 5-yr complication-free rate regarding technical complications was 76.41% (95% CI: 42.42,91.60) with chipping being the most frequent complication. Regarding biological complications, the 5-yr complication-free rate was 91.72% (95% CI: 59.19,98.53). The survival rates of zirconia-based short-unit FDPs are promising. However, an important improvement of the veneering systems is required, and for FDPs with more units in function, further randomized, controlled clinical trials are necessary. [source] CAD-based automated robot programming in adhesive spray systems for shoe outsoles and uppersJOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS (FORMERLY JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS), Issue 11 2004J. Y. Kim Most shoe manufacturing processes are not yet automated; it puts restrictions on increasing productivity. Among them, adhesive application processes particularly are holding the most workers and working hours. In addition, the working environment is very poor due to the toxicity of adhesive agents. In the case of automating an adhesive application process by using a robot, robot teaching by playback is difficult to produce high productivity because the kinds of shoes to be taught mount up to several thousands. To cope with it, it is necessary to generate robot working paths automatically according to the kind, the size, or the right and the left of shoes, and also to teach the generated paths to a robot automatically. This paper presents a method to generate three-dimensional robot working paths off-line based on CAD data in an automatic adhesive spray system for shoe outsoles and uppers. First, this paper describes how to extract the three-dimensional data of an outsole outline from a two-dimensional CAD drawing file. Second, it describes how to extract the three-dimensional data of an upper profiling line from the three-dimensional scanning data that is opened in a three-dimensional CAD program. Third, it describes how to generate robot working paths based on the extracted data and the nozzle setting parameters for adhesive spray. Also, a series of experiments for adhesive spray is performed to verify the effectiveness of the presented methods. This study will do much for increasing productivity in shoe manufacturing as a core work of a robotic adhesive spray system. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia With Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Systematic ReviewJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 9 2004Amanda Lewis MS Purpose To (a) critically appraise available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing the efficacy of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids as secondary agents for prevention of hypertriglyceridemia and (b) make recommendations for clinical practice. Data Sources Two independent reviewers examined all RCTs from 1994 to 2003 identified in several databases, extracted data from each study, and used the previously tested Boyack and Lookinland Methodological Quality Index (MQI) to determine study quality. Conclusions Ten studies reported long-chain omega-3 fatty acids to be effective in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. The average decrease in triglycerides was 29%, total cholesterol 11.6%, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) 30.2%, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 32.5%. One study found LDLs to increase by 25%. The average increase in highdensity lipoprotein was 10%. The overall average MQI score was 36% (range = 26% to 54%). Many of the RCTs had serious shortcomings, including short duration, lack of a power analysis, no intention-to-treat analysis, no report of blind assessment of outcome, and lack of dietary control as a confounding variable. Implications for Practice Overall study methodology was weak. Although the evidence supporting use of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in the secondary prevention of hypertriglyceridemia is reasonably strong, until there are larger RCTs of better methodological quality, it is not recommended that practitioners treat hypertriglyceridemia with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in lieu of lipid-lowering medications. [source] Antenatal Perineal Massage for Reducing Perineal TraumaBIRTH, Issue 2 2006M.M. Beckmann Background:, Perineal trauma following vaginal birth can be associated with significant short- and long-term morbidity. Antenatal perineal massage has been proposed as one method of decreasing the incidence of perineal trauma. Objectives:, To assess the effect of antenatal perineal massage on the incidence of perineal trauma at birth and subsequent morbidity. Search strategy:, We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group Trials Register (30 January 2005), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2005), PubMed (1966 to January 2005), EMBASE (1980 to January 2005) and reference lists of relevant articles. Selection criteria:, Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials evaluating any described method of antenatal perineal massage undertaken for at least the last four weeks of pregnancy. Data collection and analysis:, Both review authors independently applied the selection criteria, extracted data from the included studies and assessed study quality. We contacted study authors for additional information. Main results:, Three trials (2434 women) comparing digital perineal massage with control were included. All were of good quality. Antenatal perineal massage was associated with an overall reduction in the incidence of trauma requiring suturing (three trials, 2417 women, relative risk (RR) 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86 to 0.96), number needed to treat (NNT) 16 (10 to 39)). This reduction was statistically significant for women without previous vaginal birth only (three trials, 1925 women, RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.96), NNT 14 (9 to 35)). Women who practised perineal massage were less likely to have an episiotomy (three trials, 2417 women, RR 0.85 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.97), NNT 23 (13 to 111)). Again this reduction was statistically significant for women without previous vaginal birth only (three trials, 1925 women, RR 0.85 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.97), NNT 20 (11 to 110)). No differences were seen in the incidence of 1st or 2nd degree perineal tears or 3rd/4th degree perineal trauma. Only women who have previously birthed vaginally reported a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of pain at three months postpartum (one trial, 376 women, RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.91) NNT 13 (7 to 60)). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of instrumental deliveries, sexual satisfaction, or incontinence of urine, faeces or flatus for any women who practised perineal massage compared with those who did not massage. Authors' conclusions:, Antenatal perineal massage reduces the likelihood of perineal trauma (mainly episiotomies) and the reporting of ongoing perineal pain and is generally well accepted by women. As such, women should be made aware of the likely benefit of perineal massage and provided with information on how to massage. *** The preceding report is an Abstract of a regularly updated, systematic review prepared and maintained by the Cochrane Collaboration. The full text of the review is available in The Cochrane Library (ISSN 1464,780X). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006 Issue 1. Copyright © 2006 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||