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Extra Support (extra + support)
Selected AbstractsExtreme coronary guide catheter support: Report of two cases of a novel telescopic guide catheter systemCATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 6 2006Adam T. Stys MD Abstract Extra support of the guiding catheter is required in selected cases of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We describe two successful cases of PCI of very calcified and tortuous right coronary arteries in which a novel telescopic guide system was devised. The system utilizes a long sheath that "armors" the guide catheter. The operator can adjust the support of the guiding system from soft up to extremely stiff. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Risk factors for early lactation problems among Peruvian primiparous mothersMATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION, Issue 2 2010Susana L. Matias Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for early lactation problems [suboptimal infant breastfeeding behaviour (SIBB), delayed onset of lactogenesis (OL) and excessive neonatal weight loss] among mother,infant pairs in Lima, Peru. All primiparous mothers who gave birth to a healthy, single, term infant at a government hospital in a peri-urban area of Lima during the 8-month recruitment period were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected at the hospital (day 0) and during a home visit (day 3). Infant breastfeeding behaviour was evaluated using the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool; SIBB was defined as ,10 score. OL was determined by maternal report of breast fullness changes; delayed OL was defined as perceived after 72 h. Excessive neonatal weight loss was defined as ,10% of birthweight by day 3. One hundred seventy-one mother,infant pairs participated in the study. SIBB prevalence was 52% on day 0 and 21% on day 3; it was associated with male infant gender (day 0), <8 breastfeeds during the first 24 h (days 0 and 3), and gestational age <39 weeks (day 3). Delayed OL incidence was 17% and was associated with infant Apgar score <8. Excessive neonatal weight loss occurred in 10% of neonates and was associated with maternal overweight and Caesarean-section delivery. Early lactation problems may be influenced by modifiable factors such as delivery mode and breastfeeding frequency. Infant status at birth and maternal characteristics could indicate when breastfeeding dyads need extra support. [source] British-born Chinese teenagers: The influence of Chinese ethnicity on their attitudes towards sexual behaviorNURSING & HEALTH SCIENCES, Issue 1 2007Juping Yu msc Abstract, This paper explores the influence of ethnicity on attitudes towards sexual behavior of British-born Chinese teenagers. Using an ethnographic approach and snowball sampling, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 British-born Chinese teenagers and 20 Chinese-born parents. The parents highlighted the influence of Chinese culture and religion on their sexual values and wanted to convey these values to their children. Although direct communication about sex-related topics was rare within these families because of a number of barriers, the parents used other strategies to pass on their values. The paper concludes that sexual values within families and the influence of culture need to be considered in order to provide culturally competent health services. Chinese parents need extra support and help to discuss sex-related topics and pass on their values, which encourage teenage sexual abstinence. Considering the fundamental influence of the parents, this support will be crucial. [source] Predictors of glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitusPEDIATRIC DIABETES, Issue 2 2005Stacey L. Urbach Abstract, Aims:, To evaluate the glucose control [(as measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)], the factors associated with glycemic control, and possible explanations for these associations in a sample of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods:, Data were collected on 155 children and adolescents, with type 1 diabetes mellitus, attending a multidisciplinary diabetes clinic in Portland, OR. Patients' hospital charts were reviewed to determine demographic factors, disease-related characteristics, and HbA1c level. Results:, Mean percent HbA1c was 9.3. Adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18 yr were in poorer metabolic control (adjusted mean percent HbA1c 0.56 higher than children 2,8 yr). Children who attended the clinic three to four times in the previous year were in better control (adjusted mean percent HbA1c 0.46 lower than those who visited two or fewer times and 1.11 lower than those who attended five or more times). Children with married parents were in better glycemic control than those of single, separated, or divorced parents (adjusted mean percent HbA1c 0.47 lower for children of married parents). This effect appeared to be mediated, in part, by the number of glucose checks performed per day. Conclusions:, This study suggests that adolescents should be targeted for improved metabolic control. Diabetes team members need to be aware of changing family situations and provide extra support during stressful times. Regular clinic attendance is an important component of intensive diabetes management. Strategies must be developed to improve accessibility to the clinic and to identify patients who frequently miss appointments. [source] Identification of children with the same level of impairment as children on the autistic spectrum, and analysis of their service useTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 6 2010Ginny Russell Background:, Data from epidemiology have consistently highlighted a disparity between the true prevalence of childhood psychiatric disorders and their recognition as defined by receiving a clinical diagnosis. Few studies have looked specifically at the level of unidentified autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in the population. Method:, Logistic regression was used to determine the behavioural traits associated with receiving a diagnosis of ASD using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). A composite score was derived to measure levels of autistic traits; undiagnosed children with scores matching those diagnosed with ASD were identified. Levels of educational provision beyond that provided by standard schooling were examined. Results:, Fifty-five percent of children with autistic traits at the same levels as those who had an autism diagnosis had not been identified as needing extra support from education or specialised health services. Of those who were identified as having special needs, 37.5% had been formally diagnosed with an ASD. For children with impairment at the same level as that associated with Asperger's syndrome, 57% had no special provision at school, and were not accessing specialised health services. Twenty-six percent of those who did have special provision at school had an ASD diagnosis. Conclusions:, The results suggest that there may be a substantial proportion of children on the autistic spectrum who are never identified by services. [source] The burden of caesarean section refusal in a developing country settingBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 10 2007CO Chigbu Objective, To investigate the prevalence, aetiology and outcomes of caesarean section refusal in pregnant women. Design, A prospective controlled study. Setting, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Aghaeze Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Population, A total of 62 Nigerian women who declined elective caesarean section. Method, Interviewer-administered questionnaires at the time of caesarean section refusal and postdelivery. The delivery outcomes of the subjects were compared with that of a matched control group of women who accepted caesarean section. Main outcome measures, Prevalence, maternal reasons for caesarean section refusal and the resultant maternal and perinatal mortality. Results, The prevalence of caesarean section refusal was 11.6% of all caesarean deliveries. Maternal reasons for refusing caesarean section include fear of death, economic reasons, desire to experience vaginal delivery and inadequate counselling. Outcomes were significantly worse among women who refused elective caesarean section than in the controls with a maternal mortality of 15% (versus 2%, P = 0.008) and a perinatal mortality of 34% (versus 5%, P < 0.001). Conclusion, There is a high prevalence of caesarean section refusal in south-eastern Nigeria. Women declining caesareans have very poor maternal and perinatal outcomes and need extra support. [source] Behavioural, developmental and child protection outcomes following exposure to Class A drugs in pregnancyCHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2008J. Topley Abstract Background The long-term consequences of intrauterine exposure to Class A drugs are still relatively undocumented, and much of the literature relates to the North American experience, where cocaine use predominates. In Britain, heroin and amphetamine use is more common and, within Britain, patterns of drug use vary. Clearly the long-term educational and welfare needs of these children will be enhanced if the behavioural, developmental and child-care outcomes are known. This study attempts to explore some of these issues. Methods The developmental, behavioural and child protection outcomes in a group of 62 children exposed to Class A drugs in utero were investigated when the children were in full-time schooling. Results Seventy-four per cent (46/62) of the children at the time of the study had no educational or behavioural problems, and 11 (17.7%) were receiving extra support in school. No child had a statement of special educational need. Twelve (19.3%) were reported to have behaviour and concentration problems, and in four cases, this was attributed to poor-quality parenting at the time of the study. Three of the 12 children had fetal alcohol syndrome. Twenty-six (42%) children were placed on the Child Protection Register, and care orders or residence orders were granted for 22 (35.5%) of those who were placed on the register. All of the 22 children went into substitute care at some stage. Of these children, nine were adopted and 10 were placed permanently with other family members. Ten of the 62 (16.1%) children at the time of the study were of concern to professionals for child protection reasons, and four of them were on the Child Protection Register. Conclusions This study suggests we can be reasonably optimistic about the developmental and behavioural outcomes for children exposed to Class A drugs in utero. Over 50% required an intervention by social services, and 31% were in substitute care at the time of the study. There were continuing child protection concerns in 16% at school entry. [source] | ||||||||||