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Expenditure Allocation (expenditure + allocation)
Selected AbstractsGENDER DIFFERENCES IN WEALTH TRANSFER AND EXPENDITURE ALLOCATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE RURAL PHILIPPINESTHE DEVELOPING ECONOMIES, Issue 4 2001Jonna P. ESTUDILLO First page of article [source] US aggregate demand for clothing and shoes: effects of non-durable expenditures, price and demographic changesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 2 2003Kisung KimArticle first published online: 4 MAR 200 Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the changes in total non-durables expenditures, prices and US demographics on demand for different clothing categories and shoes in a time-series framework. The basis for the demand model was the almost ideal demand system model. Demographic variables included in the model were age distribution of US population (median age and variance) and proportion of non-white population to the total US population. The results indicate that total non-durable expenditures and price variables are significantly related to consumers' non-durable budget allocations for clothing categories and shoes. The results of the study also show that, among the demographic variables examined in the study, the median age and non-white population were significant variables affecting US aggregate non-durable expenditure allocation on men's and boy's clothing and shoes. All the demand elasticities with respect to total expenditures, own, cross-price and demographics were also estimated. [source] DEMOGRAPHIC DEMAND SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATION TO EQUIVALENCE SCALES ESTIMATION AND INEQUALITY ANALYSIS: THE AUSTRALIAN EVIDENCEAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, Issue 3 2010PAUL BLACKLOW This paper proposes and applies an alternative demographic procedure for extending a demand system to allow for the effect of household size and composition changes, along with price changes, on expenditure allocation. The demographic procedure is applied to two recent demand functional forms to obtain their estimable demographic extensions. The estimation on pooled time series of Australian Household Expenditure Surveys yields sensible and robust estimates of the equivalence scale, and of its variation with relative prices. Further evidence on the usefulness of this procedure is provided by using it to evaluate the nature and magnitude of the inequality bias of relative price changes in Australia over a period from the late 1980s to the early part of the new millennium. [source] Is There a Place for Virtual Poverty Funds in Pro-Poor Public Spending Reform?DEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 4 2003Lessons from Uganda's PAF Various developing countries with weak public expenditure management systems are establishing virtual poverty funds (VPFs), drawing on the experience of Uganda's Poverty Action Fund. As a mechanism for tagging and tracking the performance of specific poverty-reducing expenditures in the budget, a VPF can be useful. However, this article argues that such devices should be treated from the outset as transitional, and as part of wider processes of strengthening public expenditure management; otherwise, they can seriously distort public expenditure allocations and management systems, potentially undermining growth. Emphasis needs to be placed on identifying the right balance of expenditures in the entire budget; improving the effectiveness and efficiency of existing allocations; and developing better public-sector policies for promoting pro-poor private sector growth. [source] |