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Age-related Alterations (age-related + alteration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Age-related alterations of gene expression patterns in human CD8+ T cells

AGING CELL, Issue 3 2010
Jia-Ning Cao
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Age-related alterations of gene expression patterns in human CD8+ T cells

AGING CELL, Issue 1 2010
Jia-Ning Cao
Summary Aging is associated with progressive T-cell deficiency and increased incidence of infections, cancer and autoimmunity. In this comprehensive study, we have compared the gene expression profiles in CD8+ T cells from aged and young healthy subjects using Affymetrix microarray Human Genome U133A-2 GeneChips. A total of 5.2% (754) of the genes analyzed had known functions and displayed statistically significant age-associated expression changes. These genes were involved in a broad array of complex biological processes, mainly in nucleic acid and protein metabolism. Functional groups, in which down-regulated genes were overrepresented, were the following: RNA transcription regulation, RNA and DNA metabolism, intracellular (Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear) transportation, signaling transduction pathways (T-cell receptor, Ras/MAPK, JNK/Stat, PI3/AKT, Wnt, TGF,, insulin-like growth factor and insulin), and the ubiquitin cycle. In contrast, the following functional groups contained more up-regulated genes than expected: response to oxidative stress and cytokines, apoptosis, and the MAPKK signaling cascade. These age-associated gene expression changes may be responsible for impaired DNA replication, RNA transcription, and signal transduction, possibly resulting in instability of cellular and genomic integrity, and alterations of growth, differentiation, apoptosis and anergy in human aged CD8+ T cells. [source]

Age-related changes of cornu ammonis 1 pyramidal neurons in gerbil transient ischemia

NEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2000
Chiharu Tamagaki
This study reports that postischemic apoptotic cell death of the hippocampal cornu ammonis (CA) 1 neurons is delayed in aged gerbils. Age-related changes in the process of CA1 neuronal death following transient ischemia was studied. Two groups of Mongolian gerbils were used in this study, which compared adult (4-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) animals by hematoxylin,eosin stain, in situ nick-end labeling (TUNEL method) and electron microscopy. In the process of neuronal death, neuronal loss of the aged group was histologically less severe than that of the adult group. TUNEL-positive cells were found on days 3,5 after ischemia in the adult group, while they were still found on day 7 in the aged group. The apoptotic process of the aged group was delayed compared to the adult group. Furthermore, lipofuscin was ultrastructurally observed inside the apoptotic body 5 days after ischemia in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the aged group. It is likely that colocalization of lysosomal enzyme cathepsin D with lipofuscin might be associated with the age-related alteration of lysosomal system in the neurons. Altogether these data suggest that age-related lysosomal changes might affect the apoptotic cascade process in postischernic CA1 neurons. [source]

Does Erectile Tissue Angioarchitecture Modify with Aging?

THE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2008
An Immunohistological, Morphometric Approach
ABSTRACT Introduction., Erectile dysfunction is a common problem in aged men; however, which vascular cavernosal alterations occur with age progression remain unclarified. Aim., Using cavernosal tissue from rats of various ages, we aimed to thoroughly assess erectile vascular-associated morphologic, immunohistological, and morphometric alterations during aging. Methods., Male Wistar rats were divided according to age in groups of 2, 6, 12, 18, 24 months old (N = 5). Cavernosal tissue of all groups was collected and processed for morphologic evaluation, immunodetection of ,-smooth muscle actin and von Willebrand factor and morphometric quantification of vascular and smooth muscle cell (SMC) areas. Main Outcome Measures., The morphometric assessment of age-related alterations in cavernosal vascular and SMCs using the ImageJ image-processing program. Results., Morphologic and immunohistological evaluation showed a similar structure of erectile tissue among all age groups, divided in two cavernosal bodies containing numerous sinusoidal vascular spaces surrounded by SMCs. Additionally, we observed a reduction of SMC content and an increase in the caliber of vascular spaces, with aging. This was confirmed by the morphometric quantification of the vascular and SMC areas (mean area ×103 µm2 ± ×103 standard error). Two-month-old animals had a mean vascular area of 4.21 ± 0.51, approximately 3.5-fold less than the 6-month-old group. The differences increased when comparing the youngest groups with the 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old animals, with mean measurements of 18.99 ± 1.91, 25.23 ± 2.76, and 26.34 ± 2.97. Conversely, SMC areas progressively decreased between 2- and 6-month-old animals, from 6.75 ± 0.90 to 6.38 ± 1.24. The elderly 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old groups presented an approximated 1.5-fold reduction on SMCs area, showed by the respective measurements of 4.11 ± 0.50, 4.01 ± 0.35, and 4.02 ± 0.44. Conclusions., We demonstrated that cavernosal angioarchitecture was modified with aging. The decrease in SMCs and the considerable enlargement of vascular lumens may limit the basic function of penile vascular tree in the elderly. Costa C, and Vendeira P. Does erectile tissue angioarchitecture modify with aging? An immunohistological and morphometric approach. J Sex Med 2008;5:833,840. [source]