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Aggregate Productivity (aggregate + productivity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	100%

Selected Abstracts

Social Contacts and Occupational Choice

ECONOMICA, Issue 305 2010
SAMUEL BENTOLILA
Social contacts help to find jobs, but not necessarily in the occupations where workers are most productive. Hence social contacts can generate mismatch between workers' occupational choices and their productive advantage. Accordingly, social networks can lead to low labour force quality, low returns to firms' investment and depressed aggregate productivity. We analyse surveys from both the US and Europe including information on job finding through contacts. Consistent with our predictions, contacts reduce unemployment duration by 1,3 months on average, but they are associated with wage discounts of at least 2.5%. We also find some evidence of negative externalities on aggregate productivity. [source]

RISING OCCUPATIONAL AND INDUSTRY MOBILITY IN THE UNITED STATES: 1968,97,

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 1 2008
Gueorgui Kambourov
We document and analyze the high level and the substantial increase in worker mobility in the United States over the 1968,97 period at various levels of occupational and industry aggregation. This is important in light of the recent findings that human capital of workers is largely occupation- or industry-specific. To control for measurement error in occupation and industry coding, we develop a method that utilizes the PSID Retrospective Occupation-Industry Supplemental Data Files. We emphasize the importance of our findings for understanding a number of issues such as the changes in wage inequality, aggregate productivity, job stability, and life-cycle earnings profiles. [source]

Trade liberalization and productivity dynamics: evidence from Canada

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Issue 2 2008
Alla Lileeva
Abstract., The paper investigates the productivity effects of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement on Canadian manufacturing. It finds that Canadian tariff cuts increased exit rates among moderately productive non-exporting plants. This led to the reallocation of market share towards highly productive plants, which explains the aggregate productivity gains observed when Canadian tariffs were reduced. The U.S. tariff cuts led to the within-plant productivity gains in exporters and, especially, new entrants into the export market. Any lack of output responses and labour-shedding as a consequence of the FTA was experienced by non-exporting plants, while exporters captured the gains from the FTA. Ce mémoire enquête sur les effets de productivité de l'Accord de libre échange Canada-USA dans le secteur manufacturier canadien. Il appert que les réductions de tarifs douaniers canadiens ont accru les taux d'évacuation des installations modérément productives qui n'exportaient pas. Voilà qui a entraîné une réallocation des parts de marché vers les installations hautement productives, ce qui explique les gains de productivité observés quand les tarifs douaniers ont été réduits. Les réductions de tarifs américains ont entraîné des gains de productivité intra-installations dans les entreprises exportatrices, et ce particulièrement pour les entreprises nouvellement entrées dans le marché des exportations. Tout manque à s'ajuster à l'Accord par une recalibration de la production et par une réduction de la main d'oeuvre s'est concentré dans les installations qui n'exportaient pas, alors que les entreprises exportatrices ont capturé les gains de l'Accord. [source]