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Epithelial Response (epithelial + response)
Selected AbstractsAn Antimicrobial Peptide Modulates Epithelial Responses to Bacterial ProductsTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2008Marcel J. Vonk BSc Abstract Introduction: Changes in the respiratory epithelium and chronic and recurrent infections are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of otitis media and sinusitis. The airway epithelium is the primary defense system of the respiratory tract. Bacterial cell membrane components like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) can affect the mucociliary clearance function of the respiratory epithelium. P60.4-Ac is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide based on the structure of the cathelicidin LL-37 that neutralizes the pro-inflammatory activity of LPS and LTA. Materials and Methods: Normal respiratory sinus epithelium was cultured at the air liquid interface. The cells were incubated with LPS or LTA in the presence or absence of P60.4-Ac. Results: P60.4-Ac neutralized the LPS- and LTA- induced effect on air-liquid interface cultured epithelial cells. P60.4-Ac significantly inhibited the increase in the epithelial layer caused by LPS or LTA. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that P60.4-Ac might be of clinical benefit in the management of otitis media with effusion and sinusitis. [source] In situ detection of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in gingival epithelium in human periodontal diseaseJOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004Patricio C. Smith Background and objective:, As the periodontal lesion develops, the junctional epithelium migrates apically in conjunction with the dissolution of the most coronal Sharpey's fibers. Because matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been identified in migrating epithelial cells and invading tumors, we propose that this enzyme is produced by gingival keratinocytes in advanced periodontal lesions. Methods:, To test this idea, biopsies of inflamed gingival tissues were obtained from patients with advanced periodontitis. Healthy gingival tissue samples were utilized as controls. The presence and activity of MMP-9 was evaluated by combining indirect immunofluorescence of gingival tissue samples and gelatin zymography of gingival epithelium separated from connective tissue. Results and conclusions:, The staining pattern showed the presence of MMP-9 in junctional and pocket gingival epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and as a scattered deposit along connective tissues of periodontitis-affected gingival tissues. Gelatin zymography permitted the identification of pro-MMP-9 in surcular/pocket epithelium derived from inflamed gingival tissues. Lower levels of MMP-9 were detected in epithelium not exposed to inflammation. These observations suggest a role for MMP-9 in gingival epithelial response to periodontal infection. [source] Time-series nasal epithelial transcriptomics during natural pollen exposure in healthy subjects and allergic patientsALLERGY, Issue 2 2010P. Mattila To cite this article: Mattila P, Renkonen J, Toppila-Salmi S, Parviainen V, Joenväärä S, Alff-Tuomala S, Nicorici D, Renkonen R. Time-series nasal epithelial transcriptomics during natural pollen exposure in healthy subjects and allergic patients. Allergy 2010; 65: 175,183. Abstract Background:, The role of epithelium has recently awakened interest in the studies of type I hypersensitivity. Objective:, We analysed the nasal transcriptomics epithelial response to natural birch pollen exposure in a time series manner. Methods:, Human nasal epithelial cell swabs were collected from birch pollen allergic patients and healthy controls in winter season. In addition, four specimens at weekly intervals were collected from the same subjects during natural birch pollen exposure in spring and transcriptomic analyses were performed. Results:, The nasal epithelium of healthy subjects responded vigorously to allergen exposure. The immune response was a dominating category of this response. Notably, the healthy subjects did not display any clinical symptoms regardless of this response detected by transcriptomic analysis. Concomitantly, the epithelium of allergic subjects responded also, but with a different set of responders. In allergic patients the regulation of dyneins, the molecular motors of intracellular transport dominated. This further supports our previous hypothesis that the birch pollen exposure results in an active uptake of allergen into the epithelium only in allergic subjects but not in healthy controls. Conclusion:, We showed that birch pollen allergen causes a defence response in healthy subjects, but not in allergic subjects. Instead, allergic patients actively transport pollen allergen through the epithelium to tissue mast cells. Our study showed that new hypotheses can arise from the application of discovery driven methodologies. To understand complex multifactorial diseases, such as type I hypersensitivity, this kind of hypotheses might be worth further analyses. [source] Resolution of remodeling in eosinophilic esophagitis correlates with epithelial response to topical corticosteroidsALLERGY, Issue 1 2010S. S. Aceves Abstract Background:, Esophageal remodeling occurs in eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) patients but whether the components of remodeling in the subepithelium are reversible by administration of topical oral corticosteroids is unknown. Methods:, We quantitated the degree of lamina propria remodeling in esophageal biopsies obtained before and after at least 3 months of therapy with budesonide in 16 pediatric EE subjects. In addition, we investigated whether corticosteroid therapy modulated vascular activation (expression of VCAM-1; level of interstitial edema), TGF,1 activation (levels of TGF,1, phosphorylated Smad2/3), and performed a pilot analysis of a polymorphism in the TGF,1 promoter in relation to EE subjects who had reduced remodeling with budesonide therapy. Results:, EE subjects were stratified based on the presence (n = 9) or absence (n = 7) of decreased epithelial eosinophilia following budesonide. Patients with residual eosinophil counts of ,7 eosinophils per high power field in the epithelial space (responders) demonstrated significantly reduced esophageal remodeling with decreased fibrosis, TGF,1 and pSmad2/3 positive cells, and decreased vascular activation in association with budesonide therapy. Responders were more likely to have a CC genotype at the ,509 position in the TGF,1 promoter. Conclusions:, Reductions in epithelial eosinophils following budesonide therapy were associated with significantly reduced esophageal remodeling. [source] | ||||||||||