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Epithelial Homeostasis (epithelial + homeostasi)
Selected AbstractsIrsogladine maleate counters the interleukin-1,-induced suppression in gap-junctional intercellular communication but does not affect the interleukin-1,-induced zonula occludens protein-1 levels in human gingival epithelial cellsJOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2008T. Fujita Background and Objective:, Irsogladine maleate counters gap junctional intercellular communication reduction induced by interleukin-8 or Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in cultured human gingival epithelial cells. Interleukin-1, is involved in periodontal disease. Little is known, however, about the effect of interleukin-1, on intercellular junctional complexes in human gingival epithelial cells. Furthermore, irsogladine maleate may affect the actions of interleukin-1,. In this study, we examined how interleukin-1, affected gap junctional intercellular communication, connexin 43 and zonula occludens protein-1, and how irsogladine maleate modulated the interleukin-1,-induced changes in the intercellular junctional complexes in human gingival epithelial cells. Material and Methods:, Human gingival epithelial cells were exposed to interleukin-1,, with or without irsogladine maleate. Connexin 43 and zonula occludens protein-1 were examined at mRNA and protein levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Gap junctional intercellular communication was determined using the dye transfer method. The expression of zonula occludens protein-1 was also confirmed by immunofluorescence. Results:, Interleukin-1, decreased connexin 43 mRNA levels, but increased zonula occludens protein-1 mRNA levels. Irsogladine maleate countered the interleukin-1,-induced reduction in gap junctional intercellular communication and connexin 43 levels. However, irsogladine maleate did not influence the increased zonula occludens protein-1 levels. Conclusion:, The effect of interleukin-1, on gap junctional intercellular communication and tight junctions of human gingival epithelial cells is different. The recovery of gap junctional intercellular communication by irsogladine maleate in the gingival epithelium may be a normal process in gingival epithelial homeostasis. [source] Why bacteria matter in animal development and evolutionBIOESSAYS, Issue 7 2010Sebastian Fraune Abstract While largely studied because of their harmful effects on human health, there is growing appreciation that bacteria are important partners for invertebrates and vertebrates, including man. Epithelia in metazoans do not only select their microbiota; a coevolved consortium of microbes enables both invertebrates and vertebrates to expand the range of diet supply, to shape the complex immune system and to control pathogenic bacteria. Microbes in zebrafish and mice regulate gut epithelial homeostasis. In a squid, microbes control the development of the symbiotic light organ. These discoveries point to a key role for bacteria in any metazoan existence, and imply that beneficial bacteria-host interactions should be considered an integral part of development and evolution. [source] 4,-PDD induces Ca2+ influx in human corneal epithelial cells by activating TRPV4 channelsACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2007S MERGLER Purpose: Transient receptor potential (TRP) isoform expression is evident in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC-SV40). However, their role in maintaining corneal epithelial homeostasis is not fully understood. We probed for gene and protein expression as well as functional activity of the vanilloid subtype, TRPV4, in immortalized HCEC-SV40 since they elicit Ca2+ dependent regulatory volume decrease (RVD) responses during exposure to a hypotonic challenge. Methods: RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses identified TRPV4 gene and protein expression. Functional activity was assessed based on determining whether the TRPV4 selective agonist, 4,-PDD, induced transients increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Results: Single cell fluorescence imaging results showed that 4,-PDD (3 ,M) increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The fura2 fluorescence ratio (f340/f380) was 0.39 ± 0.03578 in the resting state (n = 5). After application of 4,-PDD it increased to 0.904 ± 0.14363 (n = 5; p = 5.72077×10-5). This increase was abolished by the TRP channel blocker ruthenium red or by Ca2+-free Ringer's medium. Conclusions: In conclusion, there is functional TRPV4 expression in HCEC-SV40. TRPV4 expression may provide an osmosensor role to induce RVD behavior during exposure to a hypotonic challenge since this response is mediated through intracellular Ca2+ transients. Supported in part DFG Pl 150/14-1 and NIH, EY04795. CR: none [source] Transfection and ligation of CD40 in human oral keratinocytes affect proliferation, adhesion and migration but not apoptosis in vitroCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2006M. Villarroel Dorrego Summary Aims:, CD40 expression is restricted to Keratinocytes of normal epidermis or stratified squamous epithelium of oral mucosa. Ligation of CD40 inhibits keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional significance of CD40 in the proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and migration of human oral keratinocytes in vitro. Methods., The CD40-negative oral keratinocyte line OSC19, its CD40-positive transfected derivative (OSC19T-CD40) and null transfectants (OSC19T-control), with and without stimulation by soluble protein CD40 ligand (sCD40L) or anti-CD40 antibodies were used. Results., OSC19T-CD40 showed significantly (P < 0.001) slower growth than the null transfectants and parent cells. OSC19T-CD40 proliferation was inhibited by ligation with sCD40L and blocking by two anti-CD40 antibodies, but stimulated by a third. Binding of CD40 with ligand or antibody had no effect on keratinocyte apoptosis in any cell line. The capacity of OSC19T-CD40 cells to adhere to CD40L-coated wells was significantly greater (P < 0.001) than that of parent OSC19 and OSC19T-control cells, and the migration rate of OSC19T-CD40 cells was significantly higher than parent OSC19 (P = 0.038 on fibronectin, P = 0.004 on Matrigel) or OSC19T-control (P =0.017 on fibronectin, P = 0.013 on Matrigel) cells. Conclusions., CD40 is an important molecule in keratinocyte homeostasis, and has more than one ligand. The ligand that is bound may be critical in oral epithelial homeostasis, the development of malignancy and the behaviour of the subsequent tumour. [source] | ||||||||||