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Epithelial Healing (epithelial + healing)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and placental plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-2) in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with Papillon,Lefèvre syndrome

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2004
Christer Ullbro
Abstract Objectives: Numerous patients with Papillon,Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) express a severe periodontal inflammation that results in premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth. The plasminogen activating (PA) system is involved in physiological and pathological processes including epithelial healing, extracellular proteolysis and local inflammatory reactions. The aim of the study was to explore a possible role of the PA system in patients with PLS. Material and Methods: Samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected from areas with gingival infection in 20 patients with PLS and in 20 healthy controls. The concentration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and inhibitor (PAI-2) was measured with ELISA. Results: The median level of PAI-2 was significantly higher (p<0.01) in PLS patients than in the controls, while the median value of t-PA did not differ between the groups. No difference in t-PA or PAI-2 levels was found regarding age, gender or presence of active periodontal disease. Conclusion: The findings indicate an atypical activity of the PA system with a disturbed epithelial function in PLS patients, suggesting that the periodontal destruction seen in patients with PLS is secondary to a hereditary defect in the defense system. [source]

Antimicrobial peptides are expressed and produced in healthy and inflamed human synovial membranes

THE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2002
PD Dr Med Friedrich Paulsen
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the expression and production of antimicrobial peptides by healthy and inflamed human synovial membranes. Deposition of the antimicrobial peptides lysozyme, lactoferrin, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPA2), matrilysin (MMP7), human neutrophil alpha-defensins 1,3 (HNP 1,3), human beta-defensin 1 (HBD-1), and human beta-defensin 2 (HBD-2) was determined by immunohistochemistry. Expression of mRNA for the antimicrobial peptides bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), heparin binding protein (CAP37), human cationic antimicrobial protein (LL37), human alpha-defensin 5 (HD5), human alpha-defensin 6 (HD6), HBD-1, HBD-2, and human beta-defensin 3 (HBD-3) was analysed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RT-PCR revealed CAP37 and HBD-1 mRNA in samples of healthy synovial membrane. Additionally, HBD-3 and/or LL37 mRNA was detected in synovial membrane samples from patients with pyogenic arthritis (PA), osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). BPI, HD5, HD6, and HBD-2 mRNAs were absent from all samples investigated. Immunohistochemistry identified lysozyme, lactoferrin, sPA2, and MMP7 in type A synoviocytes of all samples. HBD-1 was only present in type B synoviocytes of some of the samples. Immunoreactive HBD-2 peptide was only visible in some inflamed samples. HNP1-3 was detected in both healthy and inflamed synovial membranes. The data suggest that human synovial membranes produce a broad spectrum of antimicrobial peptides. Under inflammatory conditions, the expression pattern changes, with induction of HBD-3 in PA (LL37 in RA; HBD-3 and LL37 in OA) as well as down-regulation of HBD-1. HBD-3 holds therapeutic potential in PA as it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and accelerates epithelial healing. However, caution is appropriate since defensins also promote fibrin formation and cell proliferation , key elements in joint infection. Clarification of the role of antimicrobial peptides in OA and RA will require further investigation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Alcohol vs. mechanical delamination in the treatment of corneal erosion: an electron microscopic study

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
I PALADINI
Purpose To performed an electron microscopy study to investigate the cleavage plane and the efficacy of alcohol delamination in recurrent corneal erosion (RCE). Methods By electron microscopy we analysed the epithelium of: seven controls treated with mechanical debridment, seven controls treated with alcohol delamination, ten cases of traumatic RCE and seven RCE due to MDFP treated with alcohol delamination, with special regard to the epithelial cells and the cleavage plane. Moreover we analysed four corneas from penetrating keratoplastys that were treated by alcohol delamination on the bench and both the epithelium and stroma were studied. Results In traumatic RCE the basement membrane remained in situ, a precondition for quick epithelial healing . In MDFP the whole basement membrane was detached from the stroma and remained adherent to the epithelium, therefore after alcohol delamination the healing process should be different between MDFP and traumatic RCE. Conclusion The present findings give strenght to alcohol delamination as a promising treatment for RCE [source]

Effect of topical steroids on corneal epithelial healing after vitreoretinal surgery

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 3 2006
Fatma Yülek
Abstract. Purpose:,Topical steroid use is usually avoided in cases of corneal epithelial defect. We evaluated the effect of topical steroid treatment on corneal epithelial healing after epithelial debridement in vitreoretinal surgery. Methods:,Our study population included 85 eyes undergoing vitreoretinal surgeries in our clinic. We prospectively compared the duration of corneal epithelial wound healing in 43 eyes in which topical dexamethasone was used with that in 42 eyes in which topical dexamethasone was not used in the early postoperative period after epithelial debridement. Factors that may retard corneal epithelial healing, including pre- and intraoperative topical solutions, median operative time, the presence of diabetes mellitus, prior ocular surgeries, pseudophakia, aphakia and the presence of intraocular gas or silicone oil in aphakic patients, were not significantly different between the two groups. Results:,The mean corneal epithelial defect closure time was 59.7 ± 2.6 hours (mean ± SEM) in the group receiving topical steroid treatment, and 61.9 ± 2.6 hours in the group that did not receive steroids. Conclusion:,Topical dexamethasone administered five times/day did not significantly retard corneal epithelial healing in subjects undergoing vitreoretinal surgery with postoperative topical steroid treatment, compared with subjects who did not receive steroid treatment. [source]

In vivo effects of fluoroquinolones on rabbit corneas

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 6 2003
Graeme A Pollock PhD
Abstract Purpose: The use of topical fluoroquinolones to treat microbial keratitis is associated with an increased incidence of corneal perforation compared to other standard treatments. This study examined the effects of topical fluoroquinolones on corneal collagen and keratocytes in intact rabbit corneas and corneas with an epithelial defect. Methods: Studies consisted of one group of intact corneas and one group of corneas where a 6-mm epithelial defect was created with a surgical scrape. Within each group, eyes were randomly assigned to one of four topical medications (0.3% ciprofloxacin, 0.3% ofloxacin, fortified antibiotics (1.36% tobramycin, 5% cefrazolin) or Tears Naturale (Alcon Laboratories, Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia). Two drops were instilled hourly for 48 h and then 2-hourly for an additional 48 h. At 96 h the corneas were removed and processed for light microscopy, immunohistology for collagen IV, V and VI, and apoptosis staining. Results: In intact rabbit corneas there was no demonstrable difference between treatment groups. In corneas with an epithelial defect, both fluoroquinolones delayed epithelial healing when compared to fortified antibiotics or tears. Keratocyte loss was seen in all groups and was greatest in the ofloxacin group. Median stromal thickness with keratocyte loss were: ofloxacin 30%; ciprofloxacin 10%; fortified antibiotics 7.5%; and tears 15% (ofloxacin vs tears, Mann,Whitney = 16.0, P = 0.09). Keratocyte loss did not correlate with the amount of demonstrable apoptosis. Collagens IV, V and VI showed no differences between treatments. Conclusions: These results suggest that ofloxacin is potentially cytotoxic to corneal keratocytes. Such an effect could lead to the observed increased incidence of corneal perforation in microbial keratitis. [source]