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Environmental Isotopes (environmental + isotope)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Engineering	75%

Selected Abstracts

Environmental Isotopes as Indicators for Ground Water Recharge to Fractured Granite

GROUND WATER, Issue 6 2004
Article first published online: 9 OCT 200
First page of article [source]

Field isotope investigations and numerical simulation of lake hydrodynamics

HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 9 2002
J. S. R. Murthy
Abstract A three-dimensional, numerical free-surface-flow simulation model is developed to investigate hydrodynamics of a lake and the predictive capabilities of the numerical model are validated by comparing them with field results obtained from Lake Naini, Uttar Pradesh, using environmental isotope (,18O, ,D and 3H) techniques. This has been carried out in order to understand the hydrodynamics of a lake (i.e. circulations, mixing and transport of water within the lake). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Contribution to the study of thermal waters in Greece: chemical patterns and origin of thermal water in the thermal springs of Lesvos

HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 2 2008
N. J. Lambrakis
Abstract The occurrence of thermal/spa waters on Lesvos Island is related to the presence of a major faulting system. Thermal waters are the result of mixing of meteoric and infiltrating seawater at great depth, and their total salinity depends on the percentage of seawater in their composition. According to the diagrams of main elements, trace elements and environmental isotopes, most of the components that determine the chemical composition of thermal waters such as sodium, chloride and sulphates originate from seawaters. On the other hand, the concentration of calcium, magnesium, boron, lithium, etc., was affected by water,rock interaction under high temperature conditions. Moving towards the surface, thermal waters may become polluted by influx of recent seawater, allowing their chemical composition to become similar to that of seawater. The thermal waters of Lesvos Island present relatively high concentrations of ammonia and redox sensitive metals because they are hosted in a reducing environment. They also exhibit low nitrate concentrations due to their mixture with recent fresh water. Finally, they show increased radon concentrations, ranging from 20 to 60 kBq m,3 in the eastern and southern parts of the island, and about 230 kBq m,3 in the north, in the area of Eftalou,Argenos. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Comparative assessment of the water balance and hydrology of selected Ethiopian and Kenyan Rift Lakes

LAKES & RESERVOIRS: RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2008
Tenalem Ayenew
Abstract The study area is part of the East African Rift system, characterized by a cluster of lakes occupying an extremely faulted rift floor with geothermal manifestations. Some of the lakes illustrated contrasting water levels and size evolution over the last few decennia, believed to have been caused by various natural and anthropogenic factors. The relative importance of these factors, however, is unknown. This study attempts to present the hydrology of the lakes in a broader context, by giving more emphasis to lake water level fluctuations and to the water balance. These factors have far-reaching implications in regard to future management of the lake basin water. It also provides information on the relation of the groundwater with the lakes, and with the local and regional groundwater flow system from the adjacent highlands to the floor of the Rift. The methods utilized in this study include conventional hydrogeological field surveys, and hydrometeorological and data analyses, coupled with digital image processing and spatial analysis under a Geographic Information System environment. Ancillary supporting information has been obtained from environmental isotopes and hydrochemical data. The study results indicate the terminal Ethiopian lakes changed in size and water level significantly over the last half century. In contrast, the Kenyan lakes only exhibited slight changes. The lakes in both countries exhibit a striking similarity in their subsurface hydraulic connection, and are strongly governed by complex rift geological structures. Groundwater plays a vital role in the water balance of the study lakes. The study results indicate that future sustainable use of the study lakes demands that serious attention be given to the role of the groundwater component of the lake water balances. [source]