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Endodontic Therapy (endodontic + therapy)
Selected AbstractsClinical and histological alterations in the surrounding periodontium of dog's teeth submitted for an intrusive luxationDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Janaína Cristina Gomes An impact device was used on 12 teeth of six adult dogs with the purpose of making a dislocation on the long axis of these teeth. Of the teeth that suffer intrusion luxation, two did not receive treatment and ten were replaced by orthodontic extrusion with activated springs of 100 gf. The traction was initiated either immediately after the trauma or 7 days later. Observation time was 40 days. Endodontic therapy with calcium hydroxide was performed on the fourteenth day after the intrusive luxation. The intruded teeth that did not receive appropriate treatment had signs of extensive and progressive inflammatory resorption. The teeth that were moved immediately after the trauma had lesser degree of replacement resorption compared with those that were extruded 7 days after the trauma. [source] Endodontic considerations in the elderlyGERODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2004P. Finbarr Allen Tooth retention has increased significantly in older adults, and dentists are now challenged by the need to preserve critical teeth. There will be a need to consider endodontic therapy, and this paper describes how successful endodontics can be provided for elderly patients. Strategic treatment planning is essential, and preservation of key teeth will facilitate satisfactory oral function for elderly patients. These teeth may be important in achieving and maintaining an intact anterior dental arch, for removable partial denture retention or preservation of alveolar bone. In some cases, this can only be achieved if endodontic procedures are undertaken. When infection of a root canal is present, there is no reason why good quality endodontic therapy should not work in a healthy elderly patient. Elimination of infection can be challenging in narrow root canals, and a systematic approach for improving access into and negotiating these canals is outlined. [source] Taurodontism: a review of the condition and endodontic treatment challengesINTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008H. Jafarzadeh Abstract Taurodontism can be defined as a change in tooth shape caused by the failure of Hertwig's epithelial sheath diaphragm to invaginate at the proper horizontal level. An enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of the cementoenamel junction are the characteristic features. Although permanent molar teeth are most commonly affected, this change can also be seen in both the permanent and deciduous dentition, unilaterally or bilaterally, and in any combination of teeth or quadrants. Whilst it appears most frequently as an isolated anomaly, its association with several syndromes and abnormalities has also been reported. The literature on taurodontism in the context of endodontics up to March 2007 was reviewed using PubMed, MEDLINE and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature. Despite the clinical challenges in endodontic therapy, taurodontism has received little attention from clinicians. In performing root canal treatment on such teeth, one should appreciate the complexity of the root canal system, canal obliteration and configuration, and the potential for additional root canal systems. Careful exploration of the grooves between all orifices particularly with magnification, use of ultrasonic irrigation; and a modified filling technique are of particular use. [source] The structure of dentine in the apical region of human teethINTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 5 2001I. A. Mjör Abstract Aim To study the structure of the apical region of human teeth with emphasis on dentinal tubules and their branches. Methodology This descriptive histological study employed demineralized stained sections for light microscopy, demineralized unstained sections for scanning electron microscopy, and undemineralized, acid-etched specimens for confocal tandem scanning microscopy. Results The apical portion of human teeth showed marked variations in structure, including accessory root canals, areas of resorption and repaired resorptions, occasional attached, embedded and free pulp stones, varied amounts of irregular secondary dentine, and even cementum-like tissue lining the apical root canal wall. The apex often deviated from the long axis of the root canal. Primary dentinal tubules were irregular in direction and density. Some areas were devoid of tubules. Conclusions The irregular and variable structure of the apical region of human teeth represent special challenges during endodontic therapy. Obturation techniques based on the penetration of adhesives into dentinal tubules are unlikely to be successful and adhesive techniques must depend on impregnation of a hybrid layer. [source] Root canal treatment in general practice in SudanINTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 4 2000M. F. Ahmed Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the practice and depth of knowledge of root canal treatment by dental practitioners in Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan, in order to improve the current status of endodontic therapy. Methodology A questionnaire was posted to 55 registered dental practitioners. Completed questionnaires were analysed in term of simple summary statistics. Results A total of fifty-two (95%) practitioners responded. Eighty-five per cent of the respondents indicated that they performed root canal treatment for their patients. Of these, 84% included molars in their activity. Amongst those who carried out root canal treatment, only one practitioner used rubber dam for isolation, whilst the remainder used cotton wool rolls. The majority of respondents (80%) used hydrogen peroxide to irrigate canals during treatment. Three-quarters of practitioners used formocresol as an interappointment medicament. The stepback preparation technique was the method of choice for 98% of respondents. All practitioners used hand instruments to prepare root canals and all used gutta-percha for obturation; three-quarters of them used cold lateral condensation for all or some cases. The average number of radiographs routinely taken for root canal treatment was three. Only 73% used radiographs for measuring the working length. Ninety-five per cent of respondents indicated that they usually completed a root filling in three or more visits. Three-quarters of practitioners restored the teeth permanently immediately after the obturation and one-quarter preferred waiting for 1 or 2 weeks. Conclusions In Sudan, there are no dental practices limited to endodontics and no postgraduate training programmes. This survey shows the importance of establishing higher specialist training or continuing dental education for practitioners to update their knowledge. [source] Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy combined with conventional endodontic treatment to eliminate root canal biofilm infectionLASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007Aguinaldo S. Garcez DDS Abstract Background and Objective To compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), standard endodontic treatment and the combined treatment to eliminate bacterial biofilms present in infected root canals. Study Design/Materials and Methods Ten single-rooted freshly extracted human teeth were inoculated with stable bioluminescent Gram-negative bacteria, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form 3-day biofilms in prepared root canals. Bioluminescence imaging was used to serially quantify bacterial burdens. PDT employed a conjugate between polyethylenimine and chlorin(e6) as the photosensitizer (PS) and 660-nm diode laser light delivered into the root canal via a 200-µ fiber, and this was compared and combined with standard endodontic treatment using mechanical debridement and antiseptic irrigation. Results Endodontic therapy alone reduced bacterial bioluminescence by 90% while PDT alone reduced bioluminescence by 95%. The combination reduced bioluminescence by >98%, and importantly the bacterial regrowth observed 24 hours after treatment was much less for the combination (P<0.0005) than for either single treatment. Conclusions Bioluminescence imaging is an efficient way to monitor endodontic therapy. Antimicrobial PDT may have a role to play in optimized endodontic therapy. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Bacteriophages induced from lysogenic root canal isolates of Enterococcus faecalisMOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2009R. H. Stevens Introduction:, Bacterial viruses play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many systemic diseases. They are known to inhabit the oral cavity, both as free virions and as prophages in lysogenic bacterial strains; however, there has been no report of bacteriophages in endodontic infections. In this study, we sought to detect, isolate, and describe temperate bacteriophages harbored by Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from endodontic infections. Methods: Ten E. faecalis strains were isolated from root canals of teeth undergoing retreatment following unsuccessful endodontic therapy. Mitomycin C was used to induce any prophages present in the bacterial isolates. The induced phages were purified and examined using electron microscopy. The DNA extracted from one of the phage isolates was subjected to restriction endonuclease digestion and agarose electrophoresis analysis. Results:, Lysogeny was demonstrated in 4 of the 10 E. faecalis strains. Three of the lysogenic strains yielded phages exhibiting a Siphoviridae morphology, with long, non-contractile tails 130 nm in length, and spherical/icosahedral heads 41 nm in diameter. The virus induced from the fourth lysogenic E. faecalis strain had a contractile tail characteristic of Myoviridae. Restriction endonuclease analysis of NsiI and NdeI DNA fragments from one of the Siphoviridae phage isolates (phage ,Ef11) indicated a genome size of approximately 41 kbp. Conclusion:, This is the first report of lysogenic bacteria and their inducible viruses in infected root canals. [source] Pulp ablation therapy by inductive heating: heat generation characteristics in the pulp cavityORAL DISEASES, Issue 2 2007S Wada Objective and methods:, This study was performed to clarify the usefulness of inductive heating system for the new endodontic therapy. Dextran magnetite complex (DM) suspensions were injected into the root canal of a permanent tooth, and the tooth was heated up to about 55.0°C by alternating-current magnetic field. Results and conclusion:, The time until the temperature in the pulp cavity reached 55.0°C was 328 ± 26 s (mean ± s.d., n = 8) in the 56 mg as Fe ml,1 of DM concentration. The temperature in the pulp cavity could be maintained at 53.5,59.0°C for 1200 s by changing the magnetic field intensity safely, while temperature elevations of the dental surface on the coronal and apical sides were 4.9° and 3.7°C, respectively. Thus, this inductive heating system, which has the possibility of selective heating, might be useful for eliminating residues of pulp as a new ablation therapy. [source] Magnification devices for endodontic therapyAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 4 2009M Del Fabbro Background:, After the introduction of microsurgical principles in endodontics, involving new techniques for root canal treatment, there has been a continuous search for enhancing the visualization of the surgical field. It would be interesting to know if the technical advantages for the operator brought in by magnification devices like surgical microscope, endoscope and magnifying loupes, are also associated with advantages for the patient, in terms of improvement of clinical and radiographic outcomes. Objectives:, The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare the effects of endodontic treatment performed with the aid of magnification devices versus endodontic treatment without magnification devices. We also aimed at comparing among them the different magnification devices used in endodontics (microscope, endoscope, magnifying loupes). Search strategy:, The Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched with appropriate search strategies. Handsearching included nine dental journals. The bibliographies of relevant clinical trials and relevant articles were checked for identifying studies outside the handsearched journals. Seven manufacturers of instruments in the field of endodontics and/or endodontic surgery, as well as the authors of the identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were contacted in order to identify unpublished or ongoing RCTs. There were no language restrictions. The last electronic search was conducted on 2nd April 2009, and the last handsearching was undertaken on 31st January 2009. Selection criteria:, All randomized and quasi-randomized trials comparing endodontic therapy performed with or without using one or more types of magnification device, as well as randomized and quasi-randomized trials comparing two or more magnification devices used as an adjunct to endodontic therapy were considered. Data collection and analysis:, Screening of studies and data extraction were conducted independently and in duplicate. The Cochrane Collaboration statistical guidelines were to be followed for data synthesis. Main results:, No trial could be included in the present review. All of the prospective trials that were identified, all dealing with endodontic surgery, had to be excluded for various reasons. Only one RCT was identified comparing three magnificators (magnifying loupes, surgical microscope, endoscope) in endodontic surgery. No RCT was found that compared the outcome of endodontic therapy using or without using a given magnification device. Authors' conclusions:, No objective conclusion can be drawn from the results of this review as no article was identified in the current literature that satisfied the criteria for inclusion. It is unknown if and how the type of magnification device affects the treatment outcome, considering the high number of factors that may have a significant impact on the success of endodontic surgical procedure. This should be investigated by further long-term RCTs with large sample size. Technical advantages of magnificators have been widely reported in low evidence level studies, but they should be systematically addressed to know if there can be the clinical indication for using a given magnification device for specific clinical situations, such as for molar teeth, or if they can all be used interchangeably. Well-designed RCTs should also be performed to determine the true difference in terms of treatment success rates between using or not using a magnification device in both conventional and surgical endodontic treatment, if any exist. Plain language summary:, Magnification devices for endodontic therapy. There are no data to draw a sound conclusion on the effect of adopting either a microscope, an endoscope, or magnifying loupes for better visualization in endodontic therapy, in terms of clinical outcomes. Though the use of magnification devices has often been associated with technical advantages for the operator and with an improved management of the root canal due to a better visualization of the operative field, it still has to be demonstrated that their use may lead to an improved treatment success rate. More long-term well-designed randomized trials with a large sample size are urgently needed to address the issues of the present review. [source] Endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar with three mesial canals and broken instrument removalAUSTRALIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 1 2010Farhad Faramarzi dds Abstract To succeed in any dental procedure, the clinician's awareness of the patient's dental anatomy and its variations is crucial. In endodontic therapy, obtaining full information about the root canals' variations can affect the outcome substantially. This case report presents the endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar exhibiting three mesial root canals with 4 mm of a separated K-file in the coronal third of the mesiolingual canal on an 18-year-old female patient. This case demonstrates the importance of locating additional canals in any roots undergoing endodontic treatment and how the clinician's awareness of aberrant internal anatomy may change the treatment results. [source] | ||||||||||