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Embryonal Carcinoma Cells (embryonal + carcinoma_cell)
Selected AbstractsEmbryonic undifferentiated cells show scattering activity on a surface coated with immobilized E-cadherinJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2008Masato Nagaoka Abstract Rearrangement of cell,cell adhesion is a critical event in embryonic development and tissue formation. We investigated the regulatory function of E-cadherin, a key adhesion protein, in the developmental process by using E-cadherin/IgG Fc fusion protein as an adhesion matrix in cell culture. F9 embryonal carcinoma cells usually form colonies when cultured on gelatin or fibronectin matrices. However, F9 cells cultured on the E-cadherin/IgG Fc fusion protein matrix formed a scattered distribution, with a different cytoskeletal organization and E-cadherin-rich protrusions that were regulated by Rac1 activity. The same scattering activity was observed in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. In contrast, three types of differentiated cells, NMuMG mammary gland cells, MDCK kidney epithelial cells, and mouse primary isolated hepatocytes, did not show the scattering activity observed in F9 and P19 cells. These results suggest that migratory behavior on an E-cadherin-immobilized surface is only observed in embryonic cells, and that the regulatory mechanisms underlying E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion vary with the state of differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 296,310, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Regulation of the Nanog gene by both positive and negative cis -regulatory elements in embryonal carcinoma cells and embryonic stem cellsMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2009Brian Boer Abstract The transcription factor Nanog is essential for mammalian embryogenesis, as well as the pluripotency of embryonic stem (ES) cells. Work with ES cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells previously identified positive and negative cis -regulatory elements that influence the activity of the Nanog promoter, including adjacent cis -regulatory elements that bind Sox2 and Oct-3/4. Given the importance of Nanog during mammalian development, we examined the cis -regulatory elements required for Nanog promoter activity more closely. In this study, we demonstrate that two positive cis -regulatory elements previously shown to be active in F9 EC cells are also active in ES cells. We also identify a novel negative regulatory region that is located in close proximity to two other positive Nanog cis -regulatory elements. Although this negative regulatory region is active in F9 EC cells and ES cells, it is inactive in P19 EC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that one of the positive cis -regulatory elements active in F9 EC cells and ES cells is inactive in P19 EC cells. Together, these and other studies suggest that Nanog transcription is regulated by the interplay of positive and negative cis -regulatory elements. Given that P19 appears to be more closely related to a later developmental stage of mammalian development than F9 and ES cells, differential utilization of cis -regulatory elements may reflect mechanisms used during development to achieve the correct level of Nanog expression as embryogenesis unfolds. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 173,182, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Comparative proteomics of human embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma cellsPROTEINS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS, Issue 7 2010Raghothama Chaerkady Abstract Pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be differentiated in vitro into a variety of cells which hold promise for transplantation therapy. Human embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs), stem cells of human teratocarcinomas, are considered a close but malignant counterpart to human ESCs. In this study, a comprehensive quantitative proteomic analysis of ESCs and ECCs was carried out using the iTRAQ method. Using two-dimensional LC and MS/MS analyses, we identified and quantitated ,1800 proteins. Among these are proteins associated with pluripotency and development as well as tight junction signaling and TGF, receptor pathway. Nearly ,200 proteins exhibit more than twofold difference in abundance between ESCs and ECCs. Examples of early developmental markers high in ESCs include ,-galactoside-binding lectin, undifferentiated embryonic cell transcription factor-1, DNA cytosine methyltransferase 3, isoform-B, melanoma antigen family-A4, and interferon-induced transmembrane protein-1. In contrast, CD99-antigen (CD99), growth differentiation factor-3, cellular retinoic acid binding protein-2, and developmental pluripotency associated-4 were among the highly expressed proteins in ECCs. Several proteins that were highly expressed in ECCs such as heat shock 27,kDa protein-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1, nuclear factor of , light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor like-2, and S100 calcium-binding protein-A4 have also been attributed to malignancy in other systems. Importantly, immunocytochemistry was used to validate the proteomic analyses for a subset of the proteins. In summary, this is the first large-scale quantitative proteomic study of human ESCs and ECCs, which provides critical information about the regulators of these two closely related, but developmentally distinct, stem cells. [source] Comparative proteomics of human embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma cellsPROTEOMICS - CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, Issue 8-9 2010Raghothama Chaerkady This article was originally published in Proteomics 2010, 10, 1359,1373, DOI 10.1002/pmic.200900483 [source] | ||||||||||