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Efficacy Scale (efficacy + scale)
Selected AbstractsReduction in Fear of Falling Through Intense Tai Chi Exercise Training in Older, Transitionally Frail AdultsJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 7 2005Richard W. Sattin MD Objectives: To determine whether an intense tai chi exercise program could reduce fear of falling better than a wellness education (WE) program in older adults who had fallen previously and meet criteria for transitioning to frailty. Design: Cluster-randomized, controlled trial of 48 weeks' duration. Setting: Ten matched pairs of congregate living facilities in the greater Atlanta area. Participants: Sample of 291 women and 20 men, aged 70 to 97. Measurements: Activity-related fear of falling using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Fall Efficacy Scale at baseline and every 4 months for 1 year. Demographics, time to first fall and all subsequent falls, functional measures, Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, medication use, level of physical activity, comorbidities, and adherence to interventions. Results: Mean ABC was similar in both cohort groups at the time of randomization but became significantly higher (decreased fear) in the tai chi cohort at 8 months (57.9 vs 49.0, P<.001) and at study end (59.2 vs 47.9, P<.001). After adjusting for covariates, the mean ABC after 12 months of intervention was significantly greater in the tai chi group than in the WE group, with the differences increasing with time (mean difference at 12 months=9.5 points, 95% confidence interval=4.8,14.2, P<.001). Conclusion: Tai chi led to a significantly greater reduction in fear of falling than a WE program in transitionally frail older adults. The mean percentage change in ABC scores widened between tai chi and WE participants over the trial period. Tai chi should be considered in any program designed to reduce falling and fear of falling in transitionally frail older adults. [source] Identifying predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy in the immediate postpartum period,RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 4 2006Cindy-Lee E. Dennis Abstract Researchers have found evidence that breastfeeding self-efficacy is an important variable that significantly influences initiation and duration rates. The purpose of this study was to develop a multi-factorial predictive model of breastfeeding self-efficacy in the first week postpartum. As part of a longitudinal study, a population-based sample of 522 breastfeeding mothers in a health region near Vancouver, British Columbia completed mailed questionnaires at 1-week postpartum. Bivariate correlations were used to select variables for the multiple regression analysis. The best-fit regression model revealed eight variables that explained 54% of the variance in Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Scale (BSES) scores at 1-week postpartum: maternal education, support from other women with children, type of delivery, satisfaction with labor pain relief, satisfaction with postpartum care, perceptions of breastfeeding progress, infant feeding method as planned, and maternal anxiety. The BSES may be used to identify risk factors, enabling health professionals to improve quality of care for new breastfeeding mothers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 29: 256,268, 2006 [source] ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Effective communication training interventions for paid carers supporting adults with learning disabilitiesBRITISH JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2010Seonaid Kyle Accessible summary ,,Communication is an important part of everybody's life. ,,Carers attended training about communication. ,,The training improved the carers' confidence about communication. ,,Carers with good communication skills can have a positive effect on the well-being of people with learning disabilities. Summary Carer communication skills contribute to the well being of individuals with learning disabilities. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of communication training interventions, and there is a lack of robust measures of outcome. A communication self-efficacy measure relevant to carers supporting adults with learning disabilities was developed and piloted. Paid carers supporting adults with learning disabilities participated in the study. A pre,post intervention study design was used to examine the reliability and sensitivity to change of the Glasgow-Communication Efficacy Scale (G-CES). Twenty-six paid carers completed the G-CES before and after participating in a communication training intervention. The scale had good internal and test,retest reliability. Carer communication efficacy increased after taking part in the training. Use of the G-CES in clinical services and research studies can help to develop the evidence base on the effectiveness of communication training interventions relevant to working with persons with learning disabilities. [source] A Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Impact on an Emergency Response System on Anxiety and Health Care Use among Older Emergency Patients after a FallACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 4 2007Jacques S. Lee MD Abstract Objectives: Personal emergency response systems (PERSs) are reported to reduce anxiety and health care use and may assist in planning the disposition of older patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) to home. This study measured the impact of a PERS on anxiety, fear of falling, and subsequent health care use among older ED patients. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial comparing PERS use with standard ED discharge planning in subjects 70 years of age or older discharged home after a fall. Outcome assessors were blinded to the study objectives. Anxiety and fear of falling were measured at baseline and 30 days using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety subscale (HADS-A) and modified Falls Efficacy Scale (mFES). Return to the ED, hospitalization, and length of stay were recorded after 30 and 60 days. Results: Eighty-six subjects were randomized and completed follow up (43 per group). There was no important difference in mean reduction in anxiety (mean change treatment , control, +0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] =,1.5 to 0.76; p = 0.55) or fear of falling (mean change, +4.5; 95% CI =,6.7 to 15.7; p = 0.70). Return visits to the ED occurred in eight of 43 patients in both the control and treatment groups (risk difference, 0.0%; 95% CI =,16% to 16%). Hospitalization occurred in six of 43 in the control group versus three of 43 in the treatment group (risk difference treatment , control =,7.0%; 95% CI =,19.8% to 5.9%). Conclusions: In contrast to previous studies, there was no evidence that a PERS reduced anxiety, fear of falling, or return to the ED among older persons discharged from the ED. [source] Using Past Performance, Proxy Efficacy, and Academic Self-Efficacy to Predict College PerformanceJOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 11 2007Steven M. Elias This study examined the ability of prior academic performance, proxy efficacy, and academic self-efficacy to predict college academic performance. Participants (N = 202) completed a modified version of the Teacher Collective Efficacy scale (Goddard, 2001), the Academic Self-Efficacy scale (Elias & Loomis, 2000), and a demographic questionnaire. Prior performance was predictive of both academic self-efficacy beliefs and college performance. Hierarchical regression analysis indicates that academic self-efficacy beliefs explain a significant amount of unique variance beyond past performance in predicting college performance. Proxy efficacy did serve as a predictor of student academic self-efficacy, but did not serve as a predictor of college performance. Implications for instructors, as well as for future research, are discussed. [source] Invited reaction: Development and exploratory validation of an organizational efficacy scaleHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2010Carol A. Decker No abstract is available for this article. [source] | ||||||||||