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Eczema Risk (eczema + risk)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Analysis of the high affinity IgE receptor genes reveals epistatic effects of FCER1A variants on eczema risk

ALLERGY, Issue 7 2010
J. M. Mahachie John
To cite this article: Mahachie John JM, Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Naumann A, Wagenpfeil S, Klopp N, Mempel M, Novak N, Bieber T, Wichmann H-E, Ring J, Illig T, Cattaert T, Van Steen K, Weidinger S. Analysis of the high affinity IgE receptor genes reveals epistatic effects of FCER1A variants eczema risk. Allergy 2010; 65: 875,882. Abstract Background:, High levels of total and allergen-specific IgE levels are a key feature in allergic diseases. The high-affinity receptor for IgE, which is composed of one alpha (FCER1A), one beta (FCER1B), and two gamma (FCER1G) subunits, represents the central receptor of IgE-induced reactions. In a genome-wide association scan, we recently identified associations between functional FCER1A variants and total serum IgE levels. Previous studies had reported linkage and association of FCER1B variants with IgE and atopic traits. The FCER1G gene has not yet been investigated with regard to atopy. Filaggrin (FLG) is the strongest known risk gene for eczema, in particular the allergic subtype of eczema. Methods:, We investigated the association of FCER1A, FCER1B, and FCER1G variants with IgE in a large population-based cohort (n = 4261) and tested for epistatic effects using the model-based multifactor dimensionality reduction (MB-MDR) method. In addition, we investigated a potential interaction between FLG and FCER1A variants in a large collection of eczema cases (n = 1018) and population controls. Results:, Three strongly correlated FCER1A polymorphisms were significantly associated with total and specific IgE levels as well as allergic sensitization. No associations were seen for FCER1B and FCER1G. After adjustment for FLG effects, a significant epistatic effect of the FCER1A variants rs10489854 and rs2511211 on eczema risk was detected. Conclusions:, These results suggest that FCER1A variants by themselves and in combination influence IgE levels and act synergistically to influence eczema risk. [source]

What's new in atopic eczema?

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
2008., An analysis of systematic reviews published in 200
Summary This review summarizes clinically important findings from systematic reviews indexed in bibliographical databases between August 2007 and August 2008 that dealt with disease prevention (six reviews) and treatment of atopic eczema (seven reviews). Regarding disease prevention, two independent systematic reviews found some clinical trial evidence that ingestion of probiotics by mothers during pregnancy might reduce the incidence of subsequent eczema. Another review failed to find any clear benefit of prebiotics in eczema prevention. Although furry pets are often cited as causing allergic disease, a systematic review of observational studies found no evidence that exposure to cats or dogs at birth increases eczema risk. One very large review of studies of breastfeeding found some evidence of a protective effect on eczema risk, although all the studies were limited by their observational nature. A German group has attempted an overview of eczema prevention studies with a view to informing national guidelines. In terms of eczema treatment, two systematic reviews have confirmed the efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment. Another review of 31 trials confirms the efficacy of topical pimecrolimus, although many of those trials were vehicle controlled, which limits their clinical utility. A review of 23 studies of desensitization therapy for allergic diseases found some evidence of benefit for eczema, which needs to be explored further. Despite the popularity of antistaphylococcal therapies for eczema, a Cochrane Review of 21 trials failed to show any clear benefit for any of the therapies for infected or clinically noninfected eczema. Another Cochrane Review dealt with dietary exclusions for people with eczema and found little evidence to support any dietary exclusion, apart from avoidance of eggs in infants with suspected egg allergy supported by evidence of sensitization. A review of 13 studies of probiotics for treating established eczema did not show convincing evidence of a clinically worthwhile benefit, an observation that has been substantiated in a subsequent Cochrane Review. [source]

What's new in atopic eczema?

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2008
An analysis of the clinical significance of systematic reviews on atopic eczema published in 200
Summary This review summarizes clinically important findings from 19 systematic reviews published between January 2006 and August 2007 on the topic of atopic eczema (AE). The evidence suggests that avoidance of allergenic foods during pregnancy or the use of hydrolyzed or soy formula milks does not prevent eczema. Delayed introduction of solids may decrease eczema risk. Asthma typically develops in around a third of children with eczema, and wheezing in early infancy is a predictor of risk. Established topical corticosteroids such as betamethasone should be used just once daily. Topical tacrolimus and pimecrolimus can be used for people who become dependent on topical corticosteroids, especially on sensitive sites such as the face. Wet wraps are useful in secondary care for inducing remission in a child, but they are not a treatment for mild eczema and they should not be used long term. Oral ciclosporin can be used for inducing a remission in severe eczema, and azathioprine can be considered for maintenance treatment. Narrowband ultraviolet (UV)B phototherapy can be used for chronic AE, and UVA1 may be useful for acute eczema. There is little convincing evidence of a clinical benefit with evening primrose oil for eczema, but there is some good new evidence that educational support to eczema families is beneficial. Future trials need to be larger, and include active comparators, patient-reported outcomes and longer-term aspects of disease control. They should be better reported, and registered on a public clinical trials register. [source]