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Econometric Approach (econometric + approach)
Selected AbstractsThe sources of hospital cost variabilityHEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 10 2004Brigitte Dormont Abstract Hospital heterogeneity is a major issue in defining a reimbursement system. If hospitals are heterogeneous, it is difficult to distinguish which part of the differences in costs is due to cost containment efforts and which part cannot be reduced, because it is due to other unobserved sources of hospital heterogeneity. In this paper, we apply an econometric approach to analyse hospital cost variability. We use a nested three-dimensional database (stays-hospitals-years) in order to explore the sources of variation in hospital costs, taking into account unobservable components of hospital cost heterogeneity. The three-dimensional structure of our data makes it possible to identify transitory and permanent components of hospital cost heterogeneity. Econometric estimates are performed on a sample of 7314 stays for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) observed in 36 French public hospitals over the period 1994,1997. Transitory unobservable hospital heterogeneity is far from negligible: its estimated standard error is about 50% of the standard error we estimate for cost variability due to permanent unobservable heterogeneity between hospitals. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Productivity Growth, Efficiency and Outsourcing in Manufacturing and Service IndustriesJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 1 2003Almas Heshmati This paper is a survey of recent contributions to, and developments of, the relationship between outsourcing, efficiency and productivity growth in manufacturing and services. The objective is to provide a thorough and up,to,date survey that provides a significant discussion on data, as well as on the core methods of measuring efficiency and productivity. First, the readers are introduced to the measurement of partial and total factor productivity growth. Different parametric and non,parametric approaches to the productivity measurement in the context of static, dynamic and firm,specific modelling are discussed. Second, we survey the econometric approach to efficiency analysis. The issues of modelling, distributional assumptions and estimation methods are discussed assuming that cross,sectional or panel data are available. Third, the relationship between outsourcing and productivity growth in manufacturing and services is discussed. The correspondence between a number of hypotheses and empirical findings are examined. Examples of varieties of relevant empirical applications, their findings and implications are presented. Fourth, measurement of inputs and outputs in manufacturing and services are discussed. Finally, to promote useful research, a number of factors important to the analysis of outsourcing, efficiency and productivity growth in the service sector are summarised. [source] A note on equity ownership and corporate value in GreeceMANAGERIAL AND DECISION ECONOMICS, Issue 8 2004G.A. Karathanassis This study attempts to investigate whether corporate performance is affected by the ownership structure, using data from companies quoted on the Athens Stock Exchange for the period 1996,1998. Given such an objective, the basic hypothesis examined, is that corporate performance as measured by Tobin's Q ratio is a function of ownership and other control variables. Our econometric approach relies on the use of a combination of time series and cross section data (panel-data analysis), a procedure that avoids many statistical problems. After examining the role of each identifiable shareholder, we find a positive relationship between institutional investors and corporate performance. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Modelling the geography of economic activities on a continuous space,PAPERS IN REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 4 2001Giuseppe Arbia Birth-death processes; economic geography; geographical concentration; Markov fields; regional economic growth Abstract In the present article we propose a spatial micro econometric approach for studying the geographical concentration of economic activities. We analyse the incentives to use this approach rather than the traditional one based on regional aggregates. As an example, we present our prototypical theoretic model , to be seen as a continuous space version of Krugman's concentration model , that includes birth, survival and growth components. We present a numerical estimation of the birth model for a set of data referring to the concentration of the manufacturing industries in the San Marino Republic. [source] Laws and Limits of Econometrics*THE ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 486 2003Peter C. B. Phillips We discuss general weaknesses and limitations of the econometric approach. A template from sociology is used to formulate six laws that characterise mainstream activities of econometrics and their scientific limits. We discuss proximity theorems that quantify by explicit bounds how close we can get to the generating mechanism of the data and the optimal forecasts of next period observations using a finite number of observations. The magnitude of the bound depends on the characteristics of the model and trajectory of the data. We look at one possible future of econometrics using advanced econometric methods interactively with a web browser. [source] Cancer treatment cost in the United States,,CANCER, Issue 14 2010Has the burden shifted over time? Abstract BACKGROUND: There has not been a comprehensive analysis of how aggregate cancer costs have changed over time. The authors present 1) updated estimates of the prevalence and total cost of cancer for select payers and how these have changed over the past 2 decades; and 2) for each payer, the distribution of payments by type of service over time to assess whether there have been shifts in cancer treatment settings. METHODS: Pooled data from the 2001 through 2005 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and the 1987 National Medical Care Expenditure Survey were used for the analysis. The authors used an econometric approach to estimate cancer-attributable medical expenditures by payer and type of service. RESULTS: In 1987, the total medical cost of cancer (in 2007 US dollars) was $24.7 billion. Private payers financed the largest share of the total (42%), followed by Medicare (33%), out of pocket (17%), other public (7%), and Medicaid (1%). Between 1987 and the 2001 to 2005 period, the total medical cost of cancer increased to $48.1 billion. In 2001 to 2005, the shares of cancer costs were: private insurance (50%), Medicare (34%), out of pocket (8%), other public (5%), and Medicaid (3%). The share of total cancer costs that resulted from inpatient admissions fell from 64.4% in 1987 to 27.5% in 2001 to 2005. CONCLUSIONS: The authors identified 3 trends in the total costs of cancer: 1) the medical costs of cancer have nearly doubled; 2) cancer costs have shifted away from the inpatient setting; and 3) the share of these costs paid for by private insurance and Medicaid have increased. Cancer 2010. Published 2010 by American Cancer Society. [source] | |||||||||||||