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Selected AbstractsLower airway humidification in spontaneously breathing tracheostomized patients: Comparative study of trachea spray versus heated humidifierHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 5 2008Tilman Keck MD Abstract Background. Our aim was to compare inhalation with molecular water (vaporizing humidifier) and particulate water (trachea spray) in spontaneously breathing tracheostomized patients. Methods. We performed a randomized, 2-way crossover study and a prospective, comparative, nonblinded study. Tracheal humidity and temperature were measured before and after use of a humidifier and spray for 1 week. Results. After both inhalation and spray, the tracheal temperature and total water content increased significantly (study 1). The temperature gradient between ambient and tracheal air was significantly higher after spray, but not after inhalation (study 2). The water gradient increased nonsignificantly after spray and inhalation. The water gradient after inhalation or spray did not differ significantly. Conclusions. Molecular water is not superior to particulate water because of temperature and humidity increase after both forms of water delivery. Because of its easy use, portability, and moisturizing effect, a trachea spray may offer additional options in postoperative tracheostomy care. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008 [source] Bulk-solvent correction for fast translation search in molecular replacement: service programs for AMoRe and CNSJOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2003Andrei Fokine A new software package, BULK, was developed to allow fast and easy use of low-resolution data for the translation problem in molecular replacement. When the search model is relatively complete but not precise, or when its orientation is imprecisely determined, low-resolution data contribute very favourably to the solution of the translation-search problem. BULK comprises a specially developed program and a set of procedures complementary to the program AMoRe, as well as an input file for the CNS suite. [source] Proposed new target height equations for use in Australian growth clinicsJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 11 2008Ian P Hughes Abstract Equations for target height estimation designed for easy use in the Australian growth clinics are presented that are based on the standard deviation score method of Hermanussen and Cole. These equations are superior to the commonly used corrected midparental height method as they account for assortative mating and regression to the mean. Simulations using different mating types were performed to compare different methods of target height estimation. While the equations relate directly to growth charts used in Australia, it is noted that neither account for the secular increase in height observed from generation to generation. [source] Using behavioral and academic indicators in the classroom to screen for at-risk statusPSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 2 2005Laura Belsito The present study validated a brief at-risk screening instrument designed for easy use by teachers in the elementary school. School performance measures were collected for students in first to sixth grade one year following initial teacher ratings using the Screening For At-Risk Status screening instrument. Findings indicated that the instrument is best seen as measuring a single at-risk construct with items drawn from three domains: academic skills, social confidence, and social cooperation. Correlations between at-risk scores and school performance measures taken one year later demonstrated predictive validity. The screening instrument correctly identified at-risk students with 88% accuracy and not-at-risk students with 74% accuracy. There were 12% false negatives. Use of the instrument provides teachers with a quick, easy screening of students who may develop difficulties in the future. For schools, the screening can be used as the first step in a supportive response system to assist at-risk students from developing serious school difficulties and possibly failure in the longer term. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 151,158, 2005. [source] |