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Dual Approach (dual + approach)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	66%

Selected Abstracts

MODELLING PRODUCTIVITY EFFECTS OF TRADE OPENNESS: A DUAL APPROACH,

AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, Issue 2 2009
SATYA PAUL
A cost function framework is used to model the productivity effect of trade openness in terms of cost saving. The idea of ,cost saving' is closer to the entrepreneur's view of productivity. An entrepreneur would expect a reduction in the cost of production if trade openness brings any benefits to their firm. The output-enhancing (primal) productivity effect of openness is obtainable from the cost-saving (dual) productivity effect through the cost-output link. The cost-function framework also enables us to investigate whether trade openness induces firms to adopt a technology that is biased towards the use or saving of any factor of production. An empirical exercise based on time series data for the Australian two-digit manufacturing industries reveals significant cost-saving and output-enhancing productivity effects of trade openness. Trade openness is biased towards the saving of labour and the use of capital. These results are quite insensitive to the choice of alternative measures of openness. [source]

Implementing Equal Justice for Parents in Washington: A Dual Approach

JUVENILE AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002
JUSTICE BOBBE J. BRIDGE
ABSTRACT In many states, legal representation for parents of dependent children is inadequate and can be a source of delays in securing permanency for children and unnecessarily protracted court proceedings. Often, such parents also face barriers to accessing services and independent evaluators. These issues are being addressed in the state of Washington through two approaches. The first is a successful enhanced legal representation program that has substantially improved case outcomes. The second is a statewide committee using innovative means to examine systemic responses to the challenges of the Adoption and Safe Families Act. [source]

Measuring Technical Change Under Variable Returns to Scale: A Dual Approach

BULLETIN OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, Issue 1 2000
Guang H. Wan
In this paper, a dual measure of technical change is developed. The measure does not require parametric specification or estimation of the underlying technology, nor the assumptions of constant returns to scale and perfect competition. Imposing these assumptions, the proposed measure is shown to be equivalent to Solow's productivity residual. Biases attributable to these assumptions are analysed. [source]

An exploratory study of the influences that compromise the sun protection of young adults

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 6 2008
Ngaia Calder
Abstract This paper reports on an exploratory research project designed to gain a deeper understanding of the influences on ultraviolet radiation (UVR) behaviours among high-risk young adults to determine what compromises the adoption of protection measures for this group. A dual approach using focus groups and the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique was used to provide personal narratives related to UVR behaviour for tertiary education students. Results from both ,conversations' were content-analysed using an iterative ,bootstrapping' technique to identify key themes and issues. This exploratory research identified a number of key themes including effect on mood, influence of culture, the value of tans, unrealistic optimism, risk-orientation, and the role of experience. This group felt that they not been targeted effectively by public health campaigns and did not fully understand the dangers of high-risk UVR behaviours. Although a number of previous studies have investigated the relationship between knowledge and behaviour, and largely concluded that increases in knowledge do not lead to increases in adoption of protection practices, the preliminary findings of this study reveal that the knowledge and perceived self efficacy of protective practices is extremely high, what is lacking is the perceived threat and thus the motivations to adopt such behaviours. The conclusions drawn from this research indicate that there are a variety of important influencing factors that compromise UVR behaviours, in particular, the lack of perceived seriousness and severity towards long term consequences such as skin cancer. The recommendation to address the imbalance of ,perceived threat' and ,outcome expectations' is to focus on increasing knowledge of skin cancer, particularly susceptibility to skin cancer and the severity of the condition. [source]

Molecular imprinting of AMP by an ionic-noncovalent dual approach

JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, JSS, Issue 19 2009
Florent Breton
Abstract In order to mimic recognition properties of adenylate kinase, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared for adenosine 5,-monophosphate (AMP), a substrate of the enzyme. Different functional monomers interacting with the phosphate moiety were tested, and the MIP giving the best specific binding of AMP was composed with one equivalent of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and ten equivalents of acrylamide compared to AMP. Packed into solid phase cartridge, this polymer showed similar characteristics than the enzyme, since it was specific for AMP toward other nucleotides. [source]

DUALITY WITH SECTOR-SPECIFIC EXTERNALITIES UNDER SOCIAL CONSTANT RETURNS,

THE JAPANESE ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 4 2006
KAZUO NISHIMURA
We develop dual approaches to quantity and price relationships of production in a general multisectoral model with sector-specific externalities. The production of each good exhibits socially constant returns to scale but privately decreasing returns. We find that the Stolper-Samuelson theorem holds for factor intensity ranking from the social perspective and that the Rybczynski theorem holds for factor intensity ranking from the private perspective. The price-output dual fails to hold in general. Moreover, we re-establish the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem in the two-sector case, as well as the factor endowment,factor price and price-output comparative statics in the high-dimension case under proper conditions. [source]