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Advantageous Properties (advantageous + property)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Polymers and Materials Science	33%

Selected Abstracts

Tuning the Refractive Index of Polymers for Polymer Waveguides Using Nanoscaled Ceramics or Organic Dyes,

ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 1-2 2004
J. Böhm
Plastic Optical Fibers (POF) show advantageous properties like high flexibility and their cost advantage in comparison to glass fibers. The refractive indices of core and cladding have to be modified in order to get total reflectance. Thus, there is a strong demand for refractive index adjustable polymers with improved transmission properties in the visible and the NIR range. Inorganic nanosized particles or organic dyes homogeniously dispersed or solved in the polymer matrix allow a tailored increase or decrease of the refractive index of various polymers. [source]

A combined rh -adaptive scheme based on domain subdivision.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2001
Formulation, linear examples
Abstract An adaptive scheme is proposed in which the domain is split into two subdomains. One subdomain consists of regions where the discretization is refined with an h -adaptive approach, whereas in the other subdomain node relocation or r -adaptivity is used. Through this subdivision the advantageous properties of both remeshing strategies (accuracy and low computer costs, respectively) can be exploited in greater depth. The subdivision of the domain is based on the formulation of a desired element size, which renders the approach suitable for coupling with various error assessment tools. Two-dimensional linear examples where the analytical solution is known illustrate the approach. It is shown that the combined rh -adaptive approach is superior to its components r - and h -adaptivity, in that higher accuracies can be obtained compared to a purely r -adaptive approach, while the computational costs are lower than that of a purely h -adaptive approach. As such, a more flexible formulation of adaptive strategies is given, in which the relative importance of attaining a pre-set accuracy and speeding-up the computational process can be set by the user. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Fluorene-based materials and their supramolecular properties

JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 17 2009
Robert Abbel
Abstract Fluorene-based ,-conjugated polymers and oligomers combine several advantageous properties that make them well-suited candidates for applications in organic optoelectronic devices and chemical sensors. This review highlights strategies to synthesize these materials and to tune their absorption and emission colors. Furthermore, methods to control their supramolecular organization will be discussed. In many cases, a delicate interplay between the chemical structure and the processing conditions are found, resulting in a high sensitivity of both structural features and optical properties. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4215,4233, 2009 [source]

Doubly adaptive biased coin designs with delayed responses

THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF STATISTICS, Issue 4 2008
Feifang Hu
Abstract In clinical studies, patients are usually accrued sequentially. Response-adaptive designs are then useful tools for assigning treatments to incoming patients as a function of the treatment responses observed thus far. In this regard, doubly adaptive biased coin designs have advantageous properties under the assumption that their responses can be obtained immediately after testing. However, it is a common occurrence that responses are observed only after a certain period of time. The authors examine the effect of delayed responses on doubly adaptive biased coin designs and derive some of their asymptotic properties. It turns out that these designs are relatively insensitive to delayed responses under widely satisfied conditions. This is illustrated with a simulation study. Plans aléatoires non équilibrés doublement adaptatifs avec délais de réponse Dans les études cliniques, les patients arrivent souvent séquentiellement. Aussi souhaite-t-on disposer de plans adaptatifs permettant d'assigner des traitements aux nouveaux patients au vu des résultats observés jusque-là. À cet égard, les plans aléatoires non équilibrés doublement adaptatifs sont avantageux dans la mesure où un test permet d'observer sans délai l'effet d'un traitement. Toutefois, il arrive aussi qu'un traitement ne fasse effet qu'après un temps. Les auteurs examinent les répercussions de tels délais sur les plans aléatoires non équilibrés doublement adaptatifs, dont ils dégagent certaines propriétés asymptotiques. Il s'avère que sous des conditions assez générales, ces plans sont plutôt insensibles aux délais. Une étude de simulation illustre le propos. [source]

Continuous screening system for inhibited enzyme catalysis: A membrane reactor approach

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 8 2010
Evgenij Lyagin
Abstract The screening of catalysts, substrates or conditions in the early stages of bioprocess development requires an enormous number of experiments and is a tedious, expensive and time-consuming task. Currently available screening systems can only be operated in batch or fed-batch mode, which can lead to severe misinterpretations of screening results. For example, catalysts that are inhibited by substrates or accumulating products will be excluded from further investigations in the early stages of process development despite the fact that they might be superior to other candidates in a different operational mode. Important and advantageous properties such as turnover stability can also be overshadowed by product inhibition. The aim of this study was to develop a novel screening system that enables continuous feeding of substrates and continuous removal of products. A prototype based on the membrane reactor concept was designed and operated for a model reaction, the hydrolysis of cellulose. [source]

Die Welt wird flacher.

CHEMIE IN UNSERER ZEIT (CHIUZ), Issue 2 2009
Beitrag der Chemie zum flachen Fernseher
Abstract Schneller, schärfer, größer , und immer weiter verbreitet , so lässt sich die Erfolgsgeschichte der LC-Displays beschreiben. Das Geheimnis dahinter: High-Tech-Flüssigkristalle mit ganz besonderen Eigenschaften, die die leichten, energiesparenden LCDs erst ermöglichen. Moderne Kommunikation ist durch sie erst mobil und sichtbar geworden. Seit Jahren ist Merck weltweit Technologie- und Marktführer auf dem Gebiet der Flüssigkristalle, deren Mischungen und Anwendungen. Shorter switching times, a higher resolution, larger , and ever more widely used: that is a quick summary of the success story of LC displays. The secret behind it: liquid crystalline chemicals which are high-tech materials with highly advantageous properties which allow for low-weight and flat LCDs exhibiting a low power consumption. LCDs have made modern communication mobile and visible. For many years Merck has been the market and technology leader in the area of liquid crystals, of their mixtures and applications. [source]