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Disc Morphology (disc + morphology)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Clinical and radiological follow-up results of patients with untreated TMJ closed lock

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 5 2005
P. IMIRZALIOGLU
summary, The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiological findings of untreated closed lock patients at least 22 months after initial diagnosis. Ten patients with closed lock in at least one joint who had received no treatment were included in the study. Clinically maximum mouth opening, joint pain and joint sounds were recorded. Radiologically position of the disc, disc morphology, bone degeneration and presence of fluid were determined on magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical and radiological examinations were repeated 2,5 years after initial examinations. Results were statistically compared using either the non-parametric McNemar test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. There were significant improvements in both mouth opening capacity and prevalence of joint pain, while no significant change in radiological examination. The results of this study suggested that closed lock patients undergo active adaptation in clinical symptoms. [source]

Visual fields and optic disc morphology in very low birthweight adolescents examined with magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 8 2009
Kerstin Hellgren
Abstract. Purpose:, We aimed to evaluate visual fields (VFs) and optic disc morphology in very low birthweight (VLBW) adolescents compared with age- and gender-matched controls, and to relate the findings to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. Methods:, Fifty-nine VLBW adolescents and 55 age- and gender-matched controls with normal birthweight were examined. Visual fields were tested using computerized rarebit perimetry (RB). Optic nerve and retinal vessel morphology were evaluated by digital image analysis of fundus photographs. Brain MRI was conducted in the VLBW subjects. Results:, Ten of the 57 VLBW subjects (p = 0.022) had subnormal VF results defined as a mean hit rate below the fifth percentile of the controls (i.e. < 89%). All of these also had significantly lower mean hit rates (p = 0.039) in the inferior hemifield. Sixteen of 57 (28%) VLBW subjects had white matter damage of immaturity (WMDI) on MRI. Six of 15 subjects with WMDI (who underwent VF testing) also had subnormal RB results, compared with four of 39 with normal MRI findings (p = 0.02). The mean neural retinal rim area was 9% smaller (p = 0.018) in the VLBW group than in the control group. The VLBW adolescents had a significantly higher index for tortuosity of arterioles than the controls (p < 0.001). Conclusions:, In the present study, 18% of all VLBW adolescents and 40% of those with WMDI had subnormal RB VF findings. The VLBW group had increased arterial tortuosity and a somewhat smaller (9%) mean neural retinal rim area than the control group. Thus sequels to VLBW appear to persist in adolescence. [source]

From epidemiology to lysyl oxidase like one (LOXL1) polymorphisms discovery: phenotyping and genotyping exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma in Iceland

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2009
Fridbert Jonasson
Abstract. The first Icelandic articles on exfoliation syndrome (XFS) and exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) appeared some 35 years ago in 1974. Articles since then have included epidemiology, pedigree-based and twin-studies as well as investigations into XFG response to medical therapy and XFS/XFG genetics. All studies found XFS/XFG to be common in Iceland and to be age-related. The Reykjavik Eye Study (RES), a population-based epidemiological study, was first conducted in 1996. The RES found that XFS and XFG prevalence in patients aged 50 years and older was 11% and that XFS/XFG was more common in women than in men. These results were confirmed in 5- and 12-year incidence studies that also suggested that detailed characterization of the phenotype is important, including pupil dilation. In the RES, eyes with XFS were found to be clinically unilateral in about half of cases and to have higher mean intraocular pressure (IOP) than non-XFS eyes. However, XFS was not found to be associated with central corneal thickness, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, lens opacification or optic disc morphology. About 15% of persons with XFS had XFG, and XFG eyes had higher risk of developing visual impairment and blindness than eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma. The first genetic studies on Icelanders, conducted about 12 years ago, were linkage studies and were unsuccessful in discovering the genetics behind XFS/XFG. However, in 2007 a genome-wide association study in Iceland using more than 300 000 markers [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] on a relatively small number of patients did discover that lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1) on chromosome 15q24 is a major gene for XFS/XFG. These results have now largely been replicated world-wide. [source]