Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Different Polymorphs (different + polymorph)
Selected AbstractsDifferences in Wetting Characteristics of Bi2O3 Polymorphs in ZnO Varistor MaterialsJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 9 2000Mattias Elfwing Detailed analysis of the microstructure of grain boundaries, especially triple-grain and multiple-grain junctions, in ZnO varistor materials has been performed using transmission electron microscopy. Different polymorphs of Bi2O3 are shown to exhibit different wetting properties on ZnO interfaces. Recent investigations suggest that the equilibrium configuration consists of crystalline Bi2O3 in the triple-grain and multiple-grain junctions and an amorphous bismuth-rich film in the ZnO/ZnO grain boundaries. The present investigation supports this suggestion for ,-Bi2O3 and also adds to the microstructural image and wetting properties of ,-Bi2O3. [source] Polymorphism of microcrystalline urate oxidase from Aspergillus flavusACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 5 2010Ines Collings Different polymorphs of rasburicase, a recombinant urate oxidase enzyme (Uox) from Aspergillus flavus, were obtained as a series of polycrystalline precipitates. Different crystallization protocols were followed in which the salt type, pH and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000) concentration were varied. The related crystalline phases were characterized by means of high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. In all cases, Uox complexed with the inhibitor 8-azaxanthine (AZA) was not altered from its robust orthorhombic I222 phase by variation of any of the factors listed above. However, in the absence of AZA during crystallization ligand-free Uox was significantly affected by the type of salt, resulting in different crystal forms for the four salts tested: sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate. Remarkable alterations of some of these phases were observed upon gradual increase of the exposure time of the sample to the synchrotron beam in addition to variation of the PEG 8000 concentration. When Uox was crystallized in Tris buffer or pure water in the absence of salt, a distinct polymorph of orthorhombic symmetry (P21212) was obtained that was associated with significantly altered lattice dimensions in comparison to a previously reported isosymmetrical structure. The latter form of Uox exhibits enhanced stability to variation of pH and PEG 8000 concentration accompanied by minor modifications of the unit-cell dimensions in the ranges under study. Accurate lattice parameters were extracted for all crystalline phases. This study reveals the rich phase diagram of Uox, a protein of high pharmaceutical importance, which is associated with an enhanced degree of polymorphism. The outcome of our analysis verifies previously reported results as well as demonstrating polymorphs that have altered unit-cell dimensions with respect to known structural models. [source] High-Performance Single Crystal Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Two Dithiophene-Tetrathiafulvalene (DT-TTF) PolymorphsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 37 2010Raphael Pfattner Solution prepared single crystal organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) combine low-cost with high performance due to structural ordering of molecules. However, in organic crystals polymorphism is a known phenomenon, which can have a crucial influence on charge transport. Here, the performance of solution-prepared single crystal OFETs based on two different polymorphs of dithiophene-tetrathiafulvalene, which were investigated by confocal Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, are reported. OFET devices prepared using different configurations show that both polymorphs exhibited excellent device performance, although the ,-phase revealed charge carrier mobility between two and ten times higher in accordance to the closer stacking of the molecules. [source] Isosymmetrical phase transition in ,-YbV4O8ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, Issue 6 2008Karen Friese The structure of YbV4O8 is related to the CaFe2O4 structure type. VO6 octahedra form a three-dimensional framework with tunnels in which the Yb3+ ions are incorporated. Two different polymorphs , and , are known and differ mainly in the arrangement of the Yb ions within the framework. We studied the structure and magnetic properties of ,-YbV4O8 as a function of temperature. At approximately 70,K ,-YbV4O8 undergoes a first-order isosymmetrical phase transition (P21/n,P21/n). While in the high-temperature , phase the three V3+ and one V4+ are disordered over the four symmetrically independent octahedral sites, in the low-temperature ,, phase complete charge ordering is observed. The transition is accompanied by a paramagnetic,paramagnetic anomaly in the magnetic susceptibility data which can be interpreted on the basis of spin-gap formation. The transition mechanism in the , polymorph is very similar to that observed earlier in the , polymorph at 185,K. [source] 2-Amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole and 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoleACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 10 2001Daniel E. Lynch The structures of 2-amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole, C3H5N3S, and 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole, C4H7N3S, have been determined for comparison with unsubstituted 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole. Despite their different space groups (P21/n and Pbca, respectively), the packing modes of the methyl and ethyl derivatives are similar, with comparable three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding associations. This is in contrast to the hydrogen-bonding network in 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, which is one-dimensional and has denser packing. It is shown that both packing forms are different polymorphs of a specific subunit of each array. [source] | |||||||||||||