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Different Industries (different + industry)
Selected AbstractsForeign Sales and Small Firm Growth: The Moderating Role of the Management TeamENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, Issue 1 2002A. Rebecca Reuber The premise of this article is that the management team of a small firm plays a key role in internationalization outcomes. Specifically, it is hypothesized that a greater degree of behavioral integration within a small firm's management team enables it to manage the complexity of foreign sales growth more effectively, leading to greater overall firm growth. Findings, based on data collected from two different industries (software products, food processing), support the hypothesis and indicate that the behavioral integration of the management team moderates the relationship between foreign sales growth and overall firm growth. [source] Survey ranking of job competencies by perceived employee importance: Comparing China's three regionsHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2006Jin Xiao The acquisition of skills that match job requirements has become an issue in human resource development. A uniform but vague list of desirable skills often provided by policymakers or advocated by scholars is used as a guide in education and training programs in China. Using survey data, this study analyzes the core skills that workforces in China consider to be important in carrying out job routines in different jobs, different industries, and different geographical regions. This study surveyed 25,933 employees from 397 randomly sampled firms of four counties in each of the East, Central, and West regions of China. Twenty kinds of job skills were deduced from interviews conducted in the field. Five categories of skills were identified by the employees: dispositional characteristics, technical know-how skills, job basics, problem solving, and communication. Using a hierarchical model, the analysis is focused on whether employees in different occupations ( for example, managerial, professional, salesperson, frontline workers) had different perceptions of required job skills. The results show both differences related to occupation and work experience and similarities in perceived job competencies among industries and across three regions. [source] Elastohydrodynamics of tensioned web roll coating processINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS, Issue 6 2003M. S. Carvalho Abstract Coating process is an important step in the manufacturing of different products, such as paper, adhesive and magnetic tapes, photographic films, and many other. The tensioned web roll coating is one the several methods used by different industries. It relies on the elastohydrodynamic action between the fluid and the tensioned substrate for transferring and applying the liquid. The main advantage of this method is its ability to apply very thin liquid layers with less sensitivity to mechanical tolerance at relative small cost. Despite its industrial application, theoretical analysis and fundamental understanding of the process are limited. This work analyses this elastohydrodynamic action by solving the differential equations that govern the liquid flow, described by the Navier,Stokes equation, and the web deformation, modelled by the cylindrical shell approximation. The goal is to determine the operating conditions at which the process is two dimensional and defect free. The equations are discretized by the Galerkin/finite-element method. The resulting non-linear system of equations is solved by Newton's method coupled with pseudo-arc-length continuation in order to obtain solutions around turning points. The theoretical results are used to construct an operating window of the process that is in agreement with limited experimental data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A Configuration Typology for Involving Purchasing Specialists in Product DevelopmentJOURNAL OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2001Nicolette Lakemond SUMMARY This article develops a configuration typology for purchasing's involvement in product development projects. Six configurations are identified and analyzed, varying in degree of coordination and level of purchaser integration. The configurations are illustrated by five case studies performed in different companies operating in different industries. Enabling factors, such as the purchasing organization and the competencies and skills of the purchasers, can facilitate the involvement of purchasers in a development project. Project size and project complexity can be identified as driving factors influencing the appropriateness of the purchaser involvement configurations. Dedicated, full-time purchasing specialists in combination with a purchasing coordinator provide the strongest degree of involvement necessary for managing large and complex projects, whereas indirect, ad hoc purchasinginvolvement provides the lowest degree of involvement sufficient for small and relatively simple projects. [source] Good for workers, good for companies: How knowledge sharing benefits individual employeesKNOWLEDGE AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE JOURNAL OF CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION, Issue 4 2009Iris Reychav The paper aims to identify the ways in which explicit and tacit knowledge sharing occur in organizations and to investigate the impact of sharing these two knowledge types on the employee's rewards, performance, and intention to leave. This paper focuses on two hi-tech companies working in the telecommunications field producing cellular networks. The final sample consisted of 278 completed questionnaires from business departments including finance, R&D, marketing, IT, engineering, and manufacturing. Explicit knowledge sharing is perceived by the employees as having: (1) a direct positive effect on the receipt of monetary rewards; (2) a positive indirect effect on the employee's performance; and it has a (3) positive direct and negative indirect effects on employee's intention to leave. Tacit knowledge sharing is perceived by employees as having: (1) a positive direct effect on the receipt of non-monetary rewards; (2) a positive direct effect on performance; and (3) it has a positive indirect effect on employee's intention to leave. Although the findings show that increased knowledge sharing results in positive outcomes at the individual level, the research model would benefit from an examination of larger samples for reasons of statistical complexity analysis and in order to allow for generalizability of the results to other companies that operate in similar environments. It would also be worthwhile to conduct a comparative analysis of companies from different industries. Understanding knowledge-sharing behaviors may prove helpful to managers in developing strategies to encourage organizational knowledge sharing and in the development of an organizational knowledge base. The knowledge sharing outcomes outlined here can give employees a way to predict potential positive outcomes and benefits that are likely to arise as a result of engaging in knowledge sharing activities. The model enables for the first time to substantiate, in a valid way, to hypothesize that knowledge sharing within an organization is perceived by employees to be a rewarding behavior, improving employees' performance, and decrease the intention to leave. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Accounting for Strikes: Evidence from UK Manufacturing in the 1980sLABOUR, Issue 3 2000Daphne Nicolitsas The decrease in the number of strikes in the UK during the 1980s has revived the discussion on the explanatory factors of strike frequency. This paper investigates explanations for the time variation of strike frequency in different industries of British manufacturing. The framework used is that of the joint cost model of strikes; strike frequency is inversely related to strike costs. The results from a panel of 90 manufacturing industries for the period 1983,88 show some support for the hypothesis that strikes decreased because they became more expensive. In the main, we find that factors that affect both employers and employees (such as revenue, inventories) are significant in explaining variations in strike frequency. Factors that affect only employees, however, such as the unemployment rate, are not. [source] MEASUREMENT ERROR IN RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESOURCES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: ADDITIONAL DATA AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCHPERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2001PATRICK M. WRIGHT Gerhart and colleagues (2000) and Huselid and Becker (2000) recently debated the presence and implications of measurement error in measures of human resource practices. This paper presents data from 3 more studies, 1 of large organizations from different industries at the corporate level, 1 from commercial banks, and the other of autonomous business units at the level of the job. Results of all 3 studies provide additional evidence that single respondent measures of HR practices contain large amounts of measurement error. Implications for future research into the HR firm performance relationship are discussed. [source] The Modern Call Center: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective on Operations Management ResearchPRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, Issue 6 2007Zeynep Aksin Call centers are an increasingly important part of today's business world, employing millions of agents across the globe and serving as a primary customer-facing channel for firms in many different industries. Call centers have been a fertile area for operations management researchers in several domains, including forecasting, capacity planning, queueing, and personnel scheduling. In addition, as telecommunications and information technology have advanced over the past several years, the operational challenges faced by call center managers have become more complicated. Issues associated with human resources management, sales, and marketing have also become increasingly relevant to call center operations and associated academic research. In this paper, we provide a survey of the recent literature on call center operations management. Along with traditional research areas, we pay special attention to new management challenges that have been caused by emerging technologies, to behavioral issues associated with both call center agents and customers, and to the interface between call center operations and sales and marketing. We identify a handful of broad themes for future investigation while also pointing out several very specific research opportunities. [source] Characterization of optical collectors for concentration photovoltaic applicationsPROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS: RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, Issue 6 2003I. Antón Abstract The design and characterization of the collector of a photovoltaic concentrator system is commonly carried out for a given receiver, the optical parameters of the collector being linked to it. This paper, which has substantial tutorial content, deals with the characterization of collectors for concentrator photovoltaic systems, independently of any receiver, and providing the necessary parameters for the design of a system. This strategy allows the parameters related to the collector and the receiver, which are usually manufactured by different industries, to be totally separated. It also allows the optical collectors coming from non-photovoltaic industries to be evaluated. The information that the mirror and lens manufacturers should provide for a photovoltaic concentrator application can be summarized under three characteristics: overall optical efficiency; light distribution; and acceptance angle. Theory, equipment, and procedures to carry out the optical characterization of the collectors are explained. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Application of the operating window concept to remediation-option selectionREMEDIATION, Issue 3 2004Duncan I. Scott An Erratum has been published for this article in Remediation 14(4) 2004, 141. The selection of remediation options for the management of unacceptable risks at contaminated sites is hindered by insufficient information on their performance under different site conditions. Therefore, there is a need to define "operating windows" for individual remediation options to summarize their performance under a variety of site conditions. The concept of the "operating window" has been applied as both a performance optimization tool and decision support tool in a number of different industries. Remediation-option operating windows could be used as decision support tools during the "options appraisal" stage of the Model Procedures (CLR 11), proposed by the Environment Agency (EA) for England and Wales, to enhance the identification of "feasible remediation options" for "relevant pollutant linkages." The development of remediation-option operating windows involves: 1) the determination of relationships between site conditions ("critical variables") and option performance parameters (e.g., contaminant degradation or removal rates) and 2) the identification of upper- and lower-limit values ("operational limits") for these variables that define the ranges of site conditions over which option performance is likely to be sufficient (the "operating window") and insufficient (the "operating wall") for managing risk. Some research has used case study data to determine relationships between critical variables and subsurface natural attenuation (NA) process rates. Despite the various challenges associated with the approach, these studies suggest that available case study data can be used to develop operating windows for monitored natural attenuation (MNA) and, indeed, other remediation options. It is envisaged that the development of remediation-option operating windows will encourage the application of more innovative remediation options as opposed to excavation and disposal to landfill and/or on-site containment, which remain the most commonly employed options in many countries. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Does the invisible hand have a green thumb?THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL, Issue 1 2009Incentives, linkages, the creation of wealth out of industrial waste in Victorian England ,Loop closing', that is, the creation of waste recycling linkages between different industries, has been hailed as a means of simultaneously achieving improved economic and environmental performance. As a result of the widespread assumption that traditional market incentives and institutions are not conducive to such an outcome, however, there remains a fair amount of scepticism as to what the capacity of business self-interest to promote this behaviour actually is. This article challenges the dominant negative perspective by discussing by-product development in one of the most market-oriented societies in human history, Victorian England. Building on nineteenth and early twentieth century writings on the topic, as well as a more detailed analysis of the development of valuable by-products from highly problematic iron and coal gas production residuals, a case is made that the search for increased profitability within the context of private property rights often simultaneously promoted economic and environmental progress in the long run, as well as on different geographical scales. [source] | |||||||||||||