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Different Antimicrobials (different + antimicrobial)
Selected AbstractsClinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generalized aggressive periodontitisJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2006Christiana Xajigeorgiou Abstract Aim: To evaluate and compare the effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin, doxycycline and metronidazole on clinical and microbiological parameters in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Material and Methods: Forty-three patients participated in this randomized clinical trial divided into four groups. Six weeks after scaling and root planning (SRP), groups 1,3 received adjunctive metronidazole, plus amoxicillin, doxycycline and metronidazole respectively, and group 4 acted as controls. Clinical recordings concerning probing depth, probing attachment level and bleeding on probing were performed at baseline, 6 weeks after SRP and 6 months from baseline. Subgingival samples were analysed using the ,checkerboard' DNA,DNA hybridization for Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola. Results: All treatments resulted in improvement of clinical parameters (ANOVA p>0.05). Systemic administration of metronidazole plus amoxicillin or metronidazole resulted in statistically significant greater reduction of the proportion of sites > 6mm than SRP (z -test, p<0.05). These antimicrobials yielded a significant effect on levels of important periodontal pathogens for 6 months. Conclusion: Adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin or metronidazole alone (when A.actinomycetemcomitans is not involved) is effective in deep pockets of aggressive periodontitis patients. [source] THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF CINNAMALDEHYDE, THYMOL, CARVACROL AND THEIR COMBINATIONS AGAINST THE FOODBORNE PATHOGEN SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUMJOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 2 2007FENG ZHOU ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of cinnamaldehyde, thymol and carvacrol alone or their combinations against Salmonella Typhimurium. The results showed that the lowest concentrations of cinnamaldehyde, thymol and carvacrol inhibiting the growth of S. Typhimurium significantly were 200, 400 and 400 mg/L, respectively. In a system combining different antimicrobials, treatments with cinnamaldehyde/thymol, cinnamaldehyde/carvacrol and thymol/carvacrol revealed significantly less population of S. Typhimurium and had synergy effect compared with samples treated with cinnamaldehyde, thymol or carvacrol alone. By means of their paired combinations, the lowest addition of cinnamaldehyde, thymol and carvacrol could be decreased from 200, 400 and 400 mg/L to 100, 100 and 100 mg/L, respectively. [source] Effect of some fractions of alveolar surfactant (phospholipids and SP-A) on the bactericidal activity of different antimicrobials against some respiratory pathogensCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 3 2001A. Ferrara Objectives To investigate the effects of physiologic concentrations, at alveolar level, of some fractions of pulmonary surfactant (phospholipids and SP-A) on the bactericidal activity of different antimicrobials against some respiratory pathogens. Methods The antimicrobial agents cefdinir, sparfloxacin, clarithromycin, teicoplanin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, netilmicin and tobramycin, depending on their specific activity, were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Killing curves were carried out with antimicrobials at 0.5 and 2 MIC, SP-A at 1 and 5 mg/L and phospholipids at 50 mg/L. Results Time-kill experiments showed that while SP-A never modified the activity of antimicrobials, phospholipids exerted, in some cases, a weak antagonistic effect. Among antibacterials and pathogens investigated, phospholipids were able to decrease the rate of killing of cefepime and ciprofloxacin only on P. aeruginosa, both at 0.5 and at 2 MIC, with an increase of about 1 log in CFU. The combination of SP-A and phospholipids never modified the effect observed in the presence of lipids alone. Conclusions The paucity of data only allow us to observe that the examined antibiotics do not have substantially reduced activity against respiratory pathogens studied in the presence of physiologic concentrations of some fractions of surfactant. Cefepime alone already exerted a small effect, and ciprofloxacin at 2 MIC, even in the presence of phospholipids, retained its bactericidal activity. [source] | ||||||||||