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Diet-related Diseases (diet-related + disease)
Selected AbstractsThe European Nutrigenomics Organisation: linking genomics, nutrition and health researchJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 7 2007Siān B Astley Abstract The science of nutrigenomics allows us to consider not only the response of our genes, proteins and metabolism to diet but also life-stage and lifestyle. Public health messages are failing to change people's behaviour and to counteract the flashy advertising promoting cheap nutritionally-empty foods. Proponents suggest that using the information supplied by nutrigenomics to develop personalised diet and lifestyle regimens would enable consumers to make healthier choices for themselves. For some this will mean accessing new food products and genetic testing but for others it will mean better dietary advice that can be applied in their situation. Opponents argue that this approach merely panders to the worried-wealthy-well , those least in need of intervention because they are already diet and health conscious , and that nutrigenomics fails to address the real issues associated with diet-related disease. Is nutrigenomics another over-hyped science, which will ultimately disappoint, or is it an ideal tool for nutrition research? Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Nutrigenomics,new approaches for human nutrition researchJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 8 2006Helen M Roche Abstract Food intake and nutrient exposure are key environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis and progression of the common polygenic, diet-related diseases. An individual's phenotype represents a complex interaction between the human genome and environmental factors during an individual's lifetime. This review explores the concept that there is a dynamic, two-way interaction between nutrition and the human genome which determines gene expression, the metabolic response and an individual's health status. It addresses the relevance of new high-throughput genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic technologies within human nutrition research. Common, polygenic, diet-related diseases (CVD, obesity, T2DM, etc.) reflect multiple genetic variants interacting with numerous environmental factors, each combination making a relatively small contribution to overall cellular homeostasis, whole body metabolism and health. This review highlights the value of a nutrigenomics-based systems biology approach to understanding human nutrition and identifying new biomarkers of nutrition and health. The challenge will be to develop and apply robust nutritional genomics research initiatives that are sensitive enough to take account of both human genetic heterogeneity and diverse nutrient exposure. If nutrigenomic approaches enhance our understanding of human nutrition at the molecular level, then it may be possible to apply a more targeted and effective personalized nutrition approach to attenuate the effect of risk factors associated with diet-related diseases. Indeed it could be proposed that a personalized nutrition approach may assist in improving the effectiveness of dietary guidelines/recommendations in general. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Fetal programming: link between early nutrition, DNA methylation, and complex diseasesNUTRITION REVIEWS, Issue 2 2010Agata Chmurzynska Complex traits, including those involved in diet-related diseases, are determined by multiple genes and environmental influences. Factors influencing the development of complex traits should be expanded to include epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation, which occurs in utero. Epigenetic factors regulate gene expression and thereby cell differentiation and organogenesis. The process of epigenotype establishment is sensitive to environmental conditions, with nutrition being one of the most important related factors. For example, DNA methylation depends on the availability of several nutrients including methionine and vitamins B6, B12, and folate. Epidemiological studies show that undernutrition during fetal life is associated with increased susceptibility to complex diseases. Numerous studies have been conducted on prenatal caloric and protein undernutrition. A reduction in the number of cells and changes in the structure and functioning of organs, as well as permanent changes in DNA methylation and gene expression, have been considered the molecular mechanisms responsible for metabolism programming. [source] Longitudinal study of Consumer Price Index (CPI) trends in core and non-core foods in AustraliaAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 5 2008Cate Burns Abstract Objective: This study examined trends in the price of healthy and less-healthy foods from 1989 to 2007 using the Australian Consumer Price Index (CPI). Methods: CPI food expenditure classes were classified as ,core' or ,non-core'. Trends in the CPI were analysed to examine the rise in prices of core compared with non-core foods. Results: On average, the CPI for core foods has risen at a slightly higher, though not statistically significant, rate than non-core foods. Furthermore, selected groupings reveal interesting patterns. ,Bread' has risen in price significantly more than ,cakes and biscuits', and ,milk' has risen in price significantly more than ,soft drinks, waters and juices'. Conclusions and implications: This investigation of food price trends reveals notable differences between core and non-core foods. This should be investigated further to determine the extent to which this contributes to the higher prevalence of diet-related diseases in low socio-economic groups. [source] | ||||||||||