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Dietary Nucleotides (dietary + nucleotide)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Earth and Environmental Science	50%

Selected Abstracts

Dietary nucleotides protect thymocyte DNA from damage induced by cyclophosphamide in mice

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 2 2008
L.-F. Wang
Summary The effects of dietary nucleotides on thymocyte DNA damages induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice were examined. First, phase I experiment was conducted to determine the optimal timing of detecting thymocyte DNA damages induced by CP (150 mg/kg body weight) in mice. Thymocyte DNA damages was determined at 6, 12, 18, 24 h by single-cell gel electrophosphoresis assay (comet assay) after intraperitoneal injection of CP. The levels of DNA damage at 6, 12, 18, 24 h were all significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The highest level of DNA damage appeared at 18 h and then decreased at 24 h. Therefore, 18 h was selected to determine DNA damages induced by CP in subsequent experiments. In phase II experiment, 30 male KunMing mice were divided into three treatments: negative control (NC), positive control (PC) and nucleotides group (NG). Mice in NC and PC were fed nucleotide-free diet, and mice in NG were fed nucleotide-supplemented diet (supplemented with 0.25% nucleotides, a mixture containing equal amounts of AMP, CMP, GMP and UMP). Mice in PC and NG groups were injected with CP (150 mg/kg body weight) at 21 days. DNA damage in thymocytes was evaluated at 18 h after CP treatment. The results indicate that dietary nucleotides do not affect the weights of the thymus and the spleen, or their organ indices (p > 0.05), but significantly decrease the percentage of comet cells and comet tail sizes (p < 0.01). This study demonstrates that dietary nucleotides could reduce the level of thymocyte DNA damage induced by CP in mice. [source]

Dietary Supplementation of a Purified Nucleotide Mixture Transiently Enhanced Growth and Feed Utilization of Juvenile Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus

JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY, Issue 2 2007
Peng Li
Thus, we investigated effects of a purified nucleotide mixture on growth and health of young red drum. The nucleotide premix, containing salts of cytidine, uridine, adenosine, and guanidine, was coated with binders, freeze-dried, and grounded to powder. A fish-meal-based diet was supplemented with 0.03, 0.1, or 0.3% by weight of the coated nucleotide mixture or with 0.2% Optimûn® (Chemoforma Co., Basel, Switzerland), a commercial nucleotide product. The experimental diets were maintained isonitrogenous and isocaloric by adjusting amounts of casein, gelatin, and alanine. Five replicate groups of 12 juvenile red drum (10.2 ± 0.2 g/fish, mean ± SD) were fed each experimental diet for 4 wk, followed by an assay of neutrophil oxidative radical production and a bacterial challenge via intraperitoneal injection of Vibrio harveyi at 2.9 × 107 colony-forming units/g fish. Fish fed all diets supplemented with various levels of purified nucleotides showed significantly (P < 0.01) enhanced weight gain and feed efficiency during the first week of feeding compared to fish fed the basal diet. However, the dietary effects became less significant during the following 3 wk of feeding. The transient growth-enhancing effect of dietary nucleotides observed in the present study may explain the conventional controversy about nucleotide effects on fish growth. Dietary supplementation with nucleotides had no influence on terminal whole-body composition. [source]

Dietary strategies to improve the growth and feed utilization of barramundi, Lates calcarifer under high water temperature conditions

AQUACULTURE NUTRITION, Issue 4 2010
B. GLENCROSS
Abstract Several dietary strategies to ameliorate poorer growth observed to occur at temperatures above the upper thermal optima were examined with juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer). A reference (REF) and three experimental diets, one with an increased protein to energy ratio (PRO), another with an increased level of the amino acid histidine (HIS) and a third with supplementation of dietary nucleotides (NUC), were each fed to fish at either 30 °C or 37 °C for a 28-day period. Growth was affected by both temperature and diet. Fish fed the PRO diet at 30 °C grew fastest, but not faster than those fed the NUC diet at the same temperature. The addition of the amino acid histidine to the diet did not improve growth rates at either temperature. At water temperatures of 37 °C, only the fish fed the PRO diet had growth rates equivalent to those of fish at the 30 °C temperatures. Other key factors including feed intake, feed conversion rate, nutrient and energy retention and plasma enzymology were also all affected by temperature and diet. This study shows that the use of a diet with an increased protein to energy ratio provides significant benefits in terms of reducing the impact of growth retardation at higher temperatures. [source]