Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Diazonium Salts (diazonium + salt)
Kinds of Diazonium Salts Selected AbstractsFormation of Pyridazinium Salts by Azo Coupling of N -Substituted 3-Amino-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-ones and Diazonium SaltsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 24 2004Abstract Treatment of 3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenylamino)- and 3-methylamino-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-ones with some benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborates gives, besides the usual azo coupling products [i.e., 3-(substituted imino)-1-phenylbutane-1,2-diones 2-(4-substituted phenylhydrazones) and 2-(4-methoxyphenyldiazenyl)-3-methylamino-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-one, respectively], the previously unreported 1,4,5,6-tetrasubstituted pyridazinium tetrafluoroborates. The pyridazinium salts have been identified by X-ray analysis and by their 1H, 13C, 15N, 11B and 19F NMR spectra. Their formation is most probably the result of nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon by the nitrogen of the hydrazone group and subsequent dehydration. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004) [source] ChemInform Abstract: Hydroperoxides and Aryl Diazonium Salts as Reagents for the Functionalization of Non-Activated Olefins.CHEMINFORM, Issue 27 2010Olga Blank Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Reaction of Diazonium Salts with Nitriles.CHEMINFORM, Issue 5 2009Rebeca Saez Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Probing the Stereoselectivity of the Heck Arylation of Endocyclic Enecarbamates with Diazonium Salts.CHEMINFORM, Issue 24 20035R)-Phenylproline Methyl Ester, Concise Syntheses of (2S, Schramm, s C-Azanucleoside. Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Direct Electroreductive Preparation of Indolines and Indoles from Diazonium Salts.CHEMINFORM, Issue 51 2002Franck LeStrat Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Interaction of Diazoimidazoles and Their Diazonium Salts with Primary and Secondary Amines.CHEMINFORM, Issue 39 2002Elena V. Sadtchikova Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Chemical Derivatisation of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Using Diazonium Salts,CHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 11 2004Charles G. R. Heald A facile and versatile modification strategy: A chemically activated method of covalently derivatising carbon powder, via the chemical reduction of aryl diazonium salts with hypophosphorous acid, to include the covalent derivatisation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is demonstrated. The specific molecular environments of 1-anthraquinonyl moieties attached to MWCNTs (see picture) produce interesting effects. [source] Study of Factors Affecting the Performance of Voltammetric Copper Sensors Based on Gly-Gly-His Modified Glassy Carbon and Gold ElectrodesELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 12 2006Guozhen Liu Abstract This paper reports a study of the factors affecting the analytical performance of gold and glassy carbon electrodes modified with the tripeptide Gly-Gly-His for the detection of copper ions. Gly-Gly-His is attached to a glassy carbon (GC) surface modified with 4-carboxyphenyl moieties or a gold surface modified with 3-mercaptopropionic acid by the reaction of the N-terminal amine group of the peptide with the carboxylic acid groups of the monolayer via carbodiimide activation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize the steps in the biosensor fabrication. It was found that the analytical performance of a sensor prepared with Gly-Gly-His on a GC electrode was similar to that on a gold electrode under the same conditions. The performance was greatly enhanced at higher temperature, no added salt during copper accumulation and longer accumulation time within a pH range of 7,9. Interference studies and investigations of stability of the Gly-Gly-His sensor are reported. Analysis of natural water samples show that the sensors measure only copper ions that can complex at the sensor surface. Strongly complexed copper in natural water is not measured. Despite greater stability of diazonium salt derived monolayers on carbon surfaces compared with alkanethiols self-assembled monolayers on gold, the stability of the sensors was essentially the same regardless of the modification procedure. [source] Benzofuranyl-pyran-2-ones, -pyridazines, and -pyridones from naturally occurring furochromones (visnagin and khellin)HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2004Eman M. Keshk The novel and versatile enaminones 2a,b were synthesized by treatment of visnaginone methyl ether 1a or khellinone methyl ether 1b with N,N -dimethylformamide dimethylacetal. They were reacted with hippuric acid or N -acetylglycine to yield benzofuran-5-yl-2H-pyran-2-ones 3a,d. The reaction of 2a,b with cyanoacetamide and malononitrile dimer in sodium ethoxide gave benzofuran-5-yl-pyridones 4a,b and [benzofuran-5-yl-1H-pyridine-2-ylidene] malononitrile 5a, respectively. Refluxing 2a,b with hydrazine hydrate or with hydroxyla- mine afforded benzofuran-5-yl-1H-pyrazoles 6a,b and benzofuran-5-yl-isoxazoles 7a,b, respectively. Moreover, 2a,b coupled with aryl diazonium salt in the presence of sodium hydroxide to yield 3-(benzofuran-5-yl)-2-aryl-hydrazono-3-oxo-propanals 8a,b which were excellent precursors for the synthesis of pyridazines 9,12. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 15:85,91, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10219 [source] Preconcentration and matrix elimination for the determination of Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Co(II)by 8-hydroxyquinoline anchored poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) microbeadsJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2008Hakan A Abstract Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene), PS-DVB, microbeads were modified with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) following nitration, reduction of NO2 to NH2, and conversion of NH2 to diazonium salt. Characterization of pristine, NO2, NH2, NN+Cl,, and 8-QH functional groups modified microbeads was made by Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and porosimetry. Total reflectron-X-ray florescence spectrometer (TXRF) was used to test the affinity of the 8-HQ modified microbeads to toxic metal ions. 8-HQ-modified microbeads were used to examine the adsorption capacity, recovery, preconcentration, and the matrix elimination efficiency for Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) ions as a function of changing pH, initial metal-ion concentrations, and also equilibrium adsorption time of the studied metal ions. Preconcentration factors for the studied toxic metal ions were found to be more than 500-fold and recovery between 93.8% and 100.6%. Ultratrace toxic metal-ion concentrations in sea water were determined easily by using modified microbeads. Reference sea-water sample was used for the validation of the method, and it was found that recovery, preconcentration, and the matrix elimination were performed perfectly. For the desorption of the toxic metal ions, 3M of HNO3 was used and desorption ratio shown to be more than 96%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 [source] Synthesis, characterization, and electrical properties of diazophenylene bridged Co, Ni, Cu, Ce, and Er phthalocyanine polymersJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 1 2007Cemil Alkan Abstract In this research, diazophenylene bridged metal-phthalocyanine (Pc) polymers were produced from diazonium salt of 1,4-diaminophenylene and presynthesized 1,8,15,22-tetraamino metal-Pcs. 1,8,15,22-Tetraamino metal-Pc complexes of Co, Ni, Cu, Ce, and Er were obtained by reducing 1,8,15,22-tetranitro metal-Pc complexes synthesized from 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, urea, metal salt, and ammonium molybdate catalyst. Complexes and polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet,visible (UV,vis), and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopes. X-ray analysis of the polymers showed that there were short-range orientations in the polymers. Thermal analysis of the complexes and the polymers were done by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) at a heating rate of 10°C min,1 under nitrogen atmosphere. Ash analysis was performed to determine the metal content of the polymers. Viscosimetry and ebullioscopy measurements of the soluble part of the polymers were done for molecular weight analysis of the soluble part in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25°C. Four-probe conductivity measurements on isothermal conditions revealed that the polymer samples showed 104 fold increases in their electrical conductivities when doped with iodine. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 [source] Microbial screening of novel synthesized formazans having amide linkages,JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 4 2006Krunal G. Desai Formazans 5(a-j) have been prepared by the condensation between schiff base 3 and diazonium salt of substituted 2-amino benzothiazole 4(a-j). The intermediate schiff base 3 was synthesized by the condensation of p -nitrobenzolyhydrazide 1 with thiophene-2-aldehyde 2. All the compounds have been screened for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATCC -64550), Candida krusei (ATCC-14243) and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC-22019) and antibacterial activity against Escherchia coli (ATCC-6538), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-1539) and Bacillus substilis (ATCC-6633). The structures of the synthesised compounds 5(a-j) have been characterized on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data (UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass). [source] New N6 -substituted 8-alkyl-2-phenylmethylsulfanyl-adenines.JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 4 2004Title compounds bearing substituents on C(2), C(6) and C(8) were prepared from a newly synthesized pyrimidine derivative 11. The new pyrimidine 11 was generated from compound 2 through two different synthetic schemes. In one pathway, compound 2 was nitrosated, reduced and alkylated to produce com pounds 9, 10 and 11 respectively (Scheme). In an alternate route using compound 2 as the starting material, a coupling reaction using the diazonium salt derived from p -methylaniline afforded the azo derivative 7, which was subsequently alkylated and reductively cleaved to form compounds 8 and 11 respectively (See Scheme). Compound 11 was annulated to the corresponding hypoxanthine derivatives 12,14; compounds 12 and 13 were chlorinated with phosphorus oxychloride, then reacted with amines to yield compound 17 and 20 respectively. Compounds 21, 22 and 23 were obtained by oxidation of the corresponding sulfide as depicted in Scheme. Alkylation of the thiol function of 1 gave a mixture of 3 and 4. Compound 3 was chlo rinated to 5. Nitration of 5 resulted in electrophilic aromatic substitution of the aryl ring and concomitant oxidation of the sulfide to the sulfoxide, producing 6. [source] A Stereodivergent Synthesis of All Stereoisomers of Centrolobine: Control of Selectivity by a Protecting-Group ManipulationCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 44 2009Bernd Schmidt Prof. Abstract All stereoisomers of the natural product centrolobine are selectively synthesized, by starting from a common precursor. Key steps are an enantioselective allylation with enantiomerically pure allylsilanes, a tandem ring-closing metathesis,isomerization reaction, and a Heck reaction by using an arene diazonium salt. By choosing appropriate conditions for the final deprotection step, either the cis -configured centrolobines or their epimers are selectively obtained. [source] Synthesis of Antipyrine Derivatives Derived from DimedoneCHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, Issue 4 2007E. S. H. Ei ashry Abstract Coupling of dimedone with the diazonium salt of 4-aminoantipyrine afforded 2,3-dimethyl-4-[2-(5,5-dimethyl- 2,6-dioxocyclohex-2-ylidend)-hydrazino]-5-oxo-1-phenylpyrazoline (3). Reaction of 3 with excess phenylhydrazine gave the mixed trishydrazone derivative 4. Treatment of 3 with hydroxylamine produced the bisoxime 5 which upon dehydrative cyclization with acetic anhydride gave the corrsponding tetrahydrobenzo[d][1,2,3]triazole derivative 7. A one-pot synthesis of 7 was done by reacting 3 with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in pyridine, followed by heatment with acetic anhydride. [source] Functionalized Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum-Dot Structures Hybridized with Organic MoleculesADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 3 2010Miaoxiang Chen Abstract Low-dimensional III,V semiconductors have many advantages over other semiconductors; however, they are not particularly stable under physiological conditions. Hybridizing biocompatible organic molecules with advanced optical and electronic semiconductor devices based on quantum dots (QDs) and quantum wires could provide an efficient solution to realize stress-free and nontoxic interfaces to attach larger functional biomolecules. Monitoring the modifications of the optical properties of the hybrid molecule,QD systems by grafting various types of air-stable diazonium salts onto the QD structures surfaces provides a direct approach to prove the above concepts. The InAs/GaAs QD structures used in this work consist of a layer of surface InAs QDs and a layer of buried InAs QDs embedded in a wider-bandgap GaAs matrix. An enhancement in photoluminescence intensity by a factor of 3.3 from the buried QDs is achieved owing to the efficient elimination of the dangling bonds on the surface of the structures and to the decrease in non-radiative recombination caused by their surface states. Furthermore, a narrow photoluminescence band peaking at 1620,nm with a linewidth of 49 meV corresponding to the eigenstates interband transition of the surface InAs QDs is for the first time clearly observed at room temperature, which is something that has rarely been achieved without the use of such engineered surfaces. The experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid molecule,QD systems possess a high stability, and both the surface and buried QDs are very sensitive to changes in their surficial conditions, indicating that they are excellent candidates as basic sensing elements for novel biosensor applications. [source] Solution-Processable Carbon Nanotubes for Semiconducting Thin-Film Transistor DevicesADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 11 2010Chun Wei Lee CoMoCat single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) treated with diazonium salts can be used to fabricate solution-processable field-effect transistors (FETs) with a full semiconductor device yield. By increasing the network thickness, the effective mobility of the devices can be raised to ,10 cm2 V,1 s,1 while keeping the on,off ratio higher than 5000. The removal of impurities is essential to achieve high-on,off-ratio devices. This approach is promising for preparation of SWNT inks for printing high-performance devices in flexible electronics. [source] Studies with enamines: Reactivity of N,N -dimethyl- N -[(E)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-ethenyl]amine towards nitrilimine and aromatic diazonium saltsJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2007Hamad M. Al-Matar In the presence of triethylamine, cycloaddition reaction of enamine 1 with hydrazonoyl halides 2 followed by dimethylamine elimination was achieved, yielding the corresponding 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles 4. Coupling of enamine 1 with aromatic diazonium salts afforded 2-(arylhydrazono)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)acetaldehyde 9 in good yield. Refluxing the phenyl hydrazone 9a with chloroacetone in ethanol in the presence of triethylamine afforded 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazole 12a, formed via intermediate 11a. Reaction of 9a with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in ethanol in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate yielded oxime 13a which was irradiated in a microwave oven in the presence of acetic acid to afford a mixture of 15a and 16a. [source] Versatile 2-aminothiazoles, building blocks for highly functionalised heterocyclesJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2003Gerd Kaupp The reactions of quantitatively available 4-phenyl- and 4-(4-antipyrinyl)-2-aminothiazole ["4-antipyrinyl-" is used as a short-term for "4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-H-pyrazol-4yl)-"] with chloroacetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, ethyl cyanoacetate and carbon disulphide are reported. The products are transformed further by Knoevenagel condensations and coupling reactions with aromatic diazonium salts. The latter occur both at the thiazole ring and at the active methylene sites. The tautomerism of these products is studied on the basis of density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. [source] Studies with 1-functionally substituted alkyl azoles: Novel synthesis of functionally substituted azolylbenzimidazoles and functionally substituted azolyl-1,2,4-triazolesJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2002Mohamed Abdel-Megid ,-Azolylacetophenones 1 and 2 react with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal to yield enaminones 7,8 that were converted into azolylazoles via reaction with hydrazine and with hydroxylamine. Compounds 1,2 also coupled with aromatic diazonium salts to yield arylhydrazones and reacted with nitrous acid to yield corresponding oximes. [source] A mechanistic investigation into the covalent chemical derivatisation of graphite and glassy carbon surfaces using aryldiazonium saltsJOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Poobalasingam Abiman Abstract Modification of carbon materials such as graphite and glassy carbon in bulk quantities using diazonium salts is developed. We used both 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate and 1-antharaquinonediazonium chloride to modify graphite and glassy carbon surfaces. Experiments were carried out in the presence and absence of hypophosphorous acid and the mechanism involved in both cases were studied using cyclic voltammetry. The observed peak potentials for both the 4-nitrophenyl and 1-anthraquinonyl modified materials were found to differ depending on whether or not the hypophosphorous acid reducing agent was used. In the absence of hypophosphorous acid the derivatisation reaction was inferred to go through a cationic intermediate, whilst in the presence of the hypophosphorous acid the mechanism likely involves either a purely radical intermediate or a mixture of radical and cationic species. Derivatisation experiments from 5 to 70°C allowed us to determine the optimum derivatisation temperature for both cases, in the presence and absence of hypophosphorous acid. Optimum temperature was 20°C for the former and 35°C for the later. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A Scalable Route to Highly Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on a Large ScaleMACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Issue 8 2008Xianhong Chen Abstract A scalable and solvent-free chemical process to obtain highly functionalized and dispersible multi-walled carbon nanotubes is reported. Highly functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes have been prepared using in situ generated aryl diazonium salts in the presence of ammonium persulfate and 2,2,-azoisobutyronitrile by solvent-free techniques. In the Raman spectra of the resulting materials, characteristic peaks, the D- and G-bands, are shifted by about 10 cm,1 to lower frequencies. At the same time, the relative intensity ratios between the D- and G-bands increase in comparison to that in the spectrum of the purified product. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy reveals the presence of the functional groups on the surface. Transmission electron microscopy images directly confirm the significant build-up of sidewall organic moieties on the treated materials. The weight loss of various functional moieties determined by thermogravimetry,differential scanning calorimetry analysis is about 18,33%. The dispersibility of the functionalized materials in solvents, such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and water, is obviously improved. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Base Free Aryl Coupling of Diazonium Compounds and Boronic Esters: Self-Activation Allowing an Overall Highly Practical Process.CHEMINFORM, Issue 35 2010Helene Bonin Abstract A series of dioxazaborocanes (III) is prepared and successfully used as starting compounds in a base-free Suzuki,Miyaura reaction with diazonium salts (IV). [source] Chemical Derivatisation of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Using Diazonium Salts,CHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 11 2004Charles G. R. Heald A facile and versatile modification strategy: A chemically activated method of covalently derivatising carbon powder, via the chemical reduction of aryl diazonium salts with hypophosphorous acid, to include the covalent derivatisation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is demonstrated. The specific molecular environments of 1-anthraquinonyl moieties attached to MWCNTs (see picture) produce interesting effects. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||